K-219 - Soviet nukiliya submarine

A cikin tsakiyar eighties na XX karni American nukiliya short-fuska da makamai masu linzami da aka tura a Yammacin Turai, da samar da wani real barazana ga tsaro na Tarayyar Soviet. A taron na yaki mafi muhimmanci wurare a cikin kasar da za a iya buga tun kafin rasit na bayanai a kan harsashi gabatar da. Don adana dabarun ma'auni na sojojin da ake bukata da gaggawa da kuma isassun amsa.

Tanadi ma'auni na sojojin a duniya

Tun lokacin da Tarayyar Soviet ba zai yiwu ba a yi amfani da wani isasshen yawan ƙasa-tushen makami mai linzami sansanonin dake kusa da kusanci zuwa Amurka, kasar ta jagoranci sanya kadai zai yiwu yanke shawara a lokacin - tsayar da sintiri na Rasha nukiliya submarines tsaka tsaki ruwan kusa da gaba of America. Wannan sanya shi yiwuwa a daidaitãwa mataki na juna hatsari da kuma mayar da balance mulki.

Makami mai linzami submarine na Arewa jiragen ruwa

Daya daga cikin submarines, wanda aka wakkala tare da wannan manufa, ya zama makami mai linzami jirgin ruwa na soja na dabarun nufi, wanda yake da code sunan K-219. A shekarar 1972, ya bace daga hannun jari a Severodvinsk "Sevmash", da kuma shekaru takwas da aka memba na Arewa jiragen ruwa, tushen a Gadzhiyevo Murmansk yankin. A 1980 da jirgin da aka gaba daya sabunta hanyoyin karkashin aikin 667A "Burbot" cewa a yarda mu yi amfani da shi don warware mafi hadaddun da wuya manufa.

Wannan submarine da wata babbar hallakaswa m. A kan jirgin sun goma sha shida ballistic makamai masu linzami tare da wata iyaka na uku kilomita dubu, kowanne daga abin da kai da uku nukiliya warheads. Bugu da kari, su kare kansu daga yiwu hari maƙiyi jiragen ruwa K-219 yana shida torpedo shambura. The ƙungiya kunshi mutum ɗari da goma sha tara mutane - sosai horar da musamman horar da matuƙan.

Da matsaloli na baya shekaru

Ko kafin shan kan fama wajibi kashe bakin tekun na Amirka daga wannan makami mai linzami submarine shi yana da tsanani hatsari a 1973. Sa'an nan a sakamakon yayyo na daya daga cikin silos zama seawater kwarara cikin da reacts tare da wani bangaren na propellant to sa da samuwar nitric acid ne musamman m, wanda kyakkyawan jagorancin zuwa wani fashewa. A sakamakon haka, daya daga cikin ma'aikatan jirgin da aka kashe, da kuma gaggawa nawa aka sa daga mataki da kuma ci gaba da ba a yi amfani.

Last iyo makami mai linzami

Nukiliya submarine K-219 sanya ta karshe tafiya a shekarar 1986. Fitowa daga cikin gida tashar jiragen ruwa, ta gangarawa zuwa gaba of America don gudanar da sintiri. Daga farkon kewayawa nuna tsanani matsaloli: a daya daga cikin makami mai linzami silos bũɗe, a ƙarƙashinsu, amma jami'in da shafin, da tsoron abin alhaki, ba ruwaito kwamandan jirgin cikin natsuwa, Captain 2nd Rank GI Britanova, da kuma kokarin boye gaskiyar na gazawar.

Irin wannan take hakkin shatan ya kasance m ga jirgin ruwan da ma'aikatan jirgin effects. Ba da da ewa na yi sau biyu a rana Pump fitar da ruwa shigar da nawa, har a karshe shi ne gaba daya depressurized da aka ba flooded. All kara events kasance daidai maimaitawa na hadarin da ya faru a 1973 - an m form cakuda ruwa da kuma roka man fetur da aka gyara, tare da sakamakon da suka biyo fashewa.

Sakamakon na fashewa a makami mai linzami silos

A buga kalaman da aka halakar da plutonium warheads kuma lalace cikin matsanancin casing na mine. Rabo na da makamai masu linzami suka ciki da submarine, da kuma maida martani da ruwa, ya ware daga na mutuwa gas. A halin da ake ciki da aka fuskanta ita da cewa a sakamakon fashewar halitta da wani rami a cikin bene, ta hanyar abin da ruwa garzaya ciki. Samun haka, a kan ballast, da submarine nutse nan da nan zuwa ga m zurfin wa kansu - uku da ɗari mita, amma godiya ga m da kuma dace ayyuka na kwamandan shi nan da nan gudanar tada zuwa surface.

Kamar yadda wani al'amari na gaggawa da lalace da kuma kawo hadari gas ƙazantar da makami mai linzami bay kasance don a bar tawagar da sosai battened saukar. Duk da haka, da ƙungiya da duk da haka ya cika da babban aiki a lokacin - a dakatar da makaman nukiliya reactor. Make shi ya wajaba maza maza saboda na'urori masu auna sigina sun rubuta wani kaifi Yunƙurin a yawan zafin jiki a sanyaya tsarin, da kuma a hakikanin barazana da makaman nukiliya fashewa.

Ft matuƙan - matuƙan

Karkashin al'ada hali, irin wannan aiki ne da za'ayi tare da babban iko panel, amma na farko ƙoƙari nuna gazawar wannan m tsarin. A bala'i aka gabatowa, da kuma ma'aikatan jirgin da daya karshe damar - da hannu shiru lalace reactor, amma a cikin wannan hali da suka yi shigar da makami mai linzami daki, kuma babu makawa ya samu wani m kashi na radiation. Run da Ayuba da yardar ransa: Babban Lieutenant Nikolai Belikov kuma ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa S. Preminin. Dukansu biyu ne aka kashe, amma dole ayyuka ajiye Sauran ƙungiya.

American kuma Soviet jiragen ruwa ma'aikatan ceto

Taimako wuya Soviet submarine miƙa Amirkawa. Don wannan karshen, su jiragen ruwa nan da nan ya isa a hadarin yankin. Amma, duk da hatsarin mutuwa, iri iri iya ba kai amfani da tsari domin shi ne quite shakka cewa, babban amfani ga Amirkawa ba su, amma submarine kanta, cike da wani asiri a lokacin da kayan aiki. Godiya ga samarwa agaji, da matuƙan na submarine tuntube ta rediyo da 'yan Soviet jiragen ruwa ne a kusa da kusanci zuwa gare su, kuma suka tafi da hanzari, don ceto.

A halin yanzu halin da ake ciki a fili ya nuna cewa submarine ƙarƙashin da kansa ikon ba za su iya matsawa, kuma shi zai yi da za a towed. Amirkawa nan sun miƙa don taimaka, amma Soviet umurnin ƙaryata shi, ba so don nuna gazawan a cikin wannan halin da ake ciki. A kan wasu 'yan kwanaki a kan K-219 da aka kawai ta kwamanda, kyaftin na biyu rank I. Biritaniya, da kuma mambobi ne na gaggawa tawagar, kokarin bice wuta. Sauran ƙungiya da aka sanya don masu zuwa a lokacin da kotunan 'Krasnogvardeisk "da" Anatoly Vasilyev. "

A mutuwa na nukiliya submarine K - 219

Duk abin da aka shirya domin towing karkashin ruwa jirgin ruwa zuwa Soviet gaba. Wannan manufa dauki kan kaya jirgin "Krasnogvardeisk", wanda ta kwamitin da aka haɗa ta submarine tare da wani lokacin farin ciki igiya. The tawagar ceto bar jirgin, tun da taro a iska mai guba na konewa kayayyakin zama ɓarna, high. A kan jirgin ya wani kwamandan makamai tsaron jirgin daga yiwu shigar azzakari cikin farji a shi Amirkawa.

The mutuwar K-219 ya faru a dare Oktoba 6, 1986, lokacin da na wani ba a sani ba dalili, ya karya da towline, da kuma submarine fara nutse a cikin zurfin. I. Birtaniya, shi ne a kan jirgin, sai na karshe lokacin, ya koma wani kwalekwale na ceton rai, amma idan tãguwar ruwa ya fara mamaye da conning hasumiya submarine.

Zai yiwu Sanadin mutuwa

Versions a kan haddasawa towline hutu, akwai da dama. A mafi kusantar da wadannan za a iya gani a matsayin daya bisa ga abin da hadarin ya faru saboda da manyan adadin ruwa tsinkãyi cikin jirgin ruwan. Yana yiwuwa kuma American baki, wanda zai iya yanke na USB shiga ta submarines su bi a layi daya shakka.

Amma, masana sun ce, zai iya zama daya more, shi ne wata ila dalilin mutuwar na K-219. Yana yiwuwa cewa kwamandan aika ta zuwa kasa, da yankan da towline. Gaskiyar cewa jim kadan kafin domin ya zo daga Moscow, daukacin ma'aikatan komawa zuwa gaggawa jirgin ruwa na soja da kuma da kansa bi mafi kusa Soviet tashar jiragen ruwa. Yana da aka gaske mahaukaci domin, saboda, da zarar ciki da submarine, da ƙungiya, lalle dã sun mutu, guba da gas, ko samun wani karfi kashi na radiation.

Sakamako na karshe tafiya

Tun daga nan, shi ya ginu nukiliya submarine K-219 a kasa, a zurfin dubu biyar mita, su goma sha biyar nukiliya ballistic makamai masu linzami a su silos. Tsĩrar da dauka zuwa Havana matuƙan 'yan kwanaki na musamman jirgin baya zuwa Moscow. Na ƙungiya daga mutane hudu ne suka mutu a hatsarin mota, hudu mafi mutu daga baya a sakamakon sakawa a iska mai guba samu a kan jirgin.

Bayan duk abin da ya faru ga shugaban submarine K-219, na karshe yaƙin neman zaɓe wanda ya tabbatar da m gare ta, kuma babban injiniya VN Krasilnikov sun laifi lokuta, wanda kusan ƙare duka biyu dogon kurkuku sharuddan. Amma, an yi sa'a, da halin da ake ciki ya canza a kasar a lokacin. A kan tarzomar Perestroika sababbin nada ministan tsaron kasar Dmitry Yazov da umarnin a rufe na biyu lokuta. Gidajen Yari haka ne aka kauce masa, amma daga Navy kwamandan na sunken jirgin ruwan da aka kora. A hatsari a K-219 kawo ƙarshen ya aiki.