Jijiya hauhawar jini a cikin tsofaffi

Hauhawar jini a cikin tsofaffi

VS Tchistov

Da farko MGMU IM Sechenov

Gaskiyar cewa hauhawar jini ne daya daga cikin mafi tsanani cututtuka, san kusan kowa da kowa wanda ya ketare dokin tsufa. A category na tsofaffi, kamar yadda mai mulkin, akwai wasu maza masu shekaru tsakanin 60 da 74 shekara da kuma mata masu shekaru 56 zuwa 74 da shekaru. Wannan, ba shakka, ba ya nufin cewa hauhawar jini yake akwai wata cuta kawai mazan mutane, shi zai iya faruwa a kowane mutum bayan shekaru 35, da ake kira "na uku shekaru" An musamman halin da disturbances a cikin ayyukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin dangantawa da shekaru da alaka da canje-canje da suke da kunna hanyar da kasada na jijiyoyin zuciya, cerebral kuma koda rikitarwa.
Hauhawar jini da aka dauke su a dalilin insidious. Ta da mutane da yawa rashin sanin cikakken farashi, saboda a farkon matakai na mutum ba zai iya jin wani abu, babu ciwon kai, ba su da matsaloli tare da zuciya. Hawan jini ya aikata ba nan da nan da ke sa kansa ji. Ayyana shi ne zai yiwu ne kawai idan idan wani mutum a kai a kai saka idanu da jini, kiwon lafiya, ko da na gaba lokacin da ka ziyarci likita ba zato ba tsammani, shi dai itace cewa da jini matakin ne muhimmanci mafi girma fiye da na al'ada. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa cutar hawan jini ne da ake kira "shiru kisa." Wannan kuma bayyana duniya statistics, bisa ga abin da jijiya hauhawar jini tsokani rabin dukkan mutuwar a cikin tsofaffi.
Mene ne hauhawar jini
By da definition na World Health Organization (WHO) hauhawar jini dauka don nufi da karuwa a systolic jini a kan 140 mm Hg karkashin al'ada ko dan kadan rage diastolic jini - kasa da 90 mm Hg A cikin shekaru kungiyar daga 65 zuwa 75 a cikin shekaru 2/3 na lokuta ana bincikar lafiya musamman nau'i na da muhimmanci hauhawar jini - ware systolic hauhawar jini. Wannan nau'i ne tare da wani karuwa a bugun jini matsa lamba, wanda qara hadarin da cututtuka na zuciya events da kuma bugun jini. A cikin rarrabuwa na WHO masana da kuma iyakar hauhawar jini, wanda ayan kara a systolic jini zuwa 149 mmHg idan diastolic jini a ko a kasa 90 mm Hg
cuta statistics
A mafi cigaban kasashe, hauhawar jini na faruwa a 50-60 bisa dari na tsofaffi mutane, wanda lambar ne kullum girma a duniya. Domin Rasha, inda akwai wani kwari tsufa, na yawan jama'ar, da kuma tsawon rayuwar jama'a na Rasha maza ne game da shekaru 60, wannan matsalar ya zama musamman dacewa. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa cutar ne musamman na kowa, da kuma fadakar da jama'a cewa su ne riga da lafiya, sosai low. Sai kawai karamin yawan tsofaffi mutane a kai a kai duba da jini, wanda a general ƙaruwa hadarin factor, wanda kayyade ci gaba da kuma ci gaban da cutar. Rasha a yau shi ne daya daga cikin wurare na farko a Turai a mace-mace daga zuciya da jijiyoyin jini cututtuka tsokane ta hauhawar jini.
Sanadin da kuma sakamakon da cuta
Yau ya samu isasshen data nuna cewa da shekaru da yawan hawan jinni da marasa lafiya ƙaruwa. Cuta ci gaban ne saboda shekaru da alaka da canje-canje a cikin jiki, ciki har da zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin. Daga game da shekaru 40, mutumin da a cikin jini ya fara shaida da alli, collagen, Elastin, kuma glycosaminoglycans. A daidai wannan lokaci ci gaba atherosclerotic canje-canje. Wadannan matakai sa da rage a cikin elasticity na lakã da manyan jijiyoyi. jini, asarar elasticity, ba da amsa ga canji a jini a lokacin systole da diastole. A halin da ake ciki worsens atherosclerosis, ko da yake ta digiri ne ba dole ba ne a hulda tare da karuwa a matsa lamba.
Lokaci guda tare da sama canje-canje a cikin tasoshin fadada da kuma elongate, kuma ta fi ƙanƙanta su zama kasa permeable, wadda take kaiwa zuwa wani tabarbarewar abinci da jikin kyallen takarda entails jijiya matsa lamba karuwa. Duk da haka, jijiya hauhawar jini a cikin tsofaffi alama circadian kari na jini. Nazarin ya nuna cewa fiye da 50% na marasa lafiya shekaru kungiyar 65-75 shekaru ba mayalwaci alama raguwa a jini da dare a lokacin barci, wanda a karkashin al'ada yanayi ne a cikin kewayon 10-20 mm Hg Maimakon haka, da matsa lamba yakan sharply da dare, ko da wani a kan-rage. Shi ne ma sau da yawa sosai, a yi azumi, kuma ya furta a safe Yunƙurin a jini.
Duk wadannan jetlag ne prognostic sigogi tsanani zuciya da jijiyoyin jini rikitarwa a jini, sakamakon zama Gabar lalacewa a cikin tsofaffi: kwakwalwa, hagu ventricle na zuciya, kodoji, kuma idanu. M karuwa a jijiya matsa lamba da kuma kwatsam swings zuwa high lambobi tsokane rayuwa anoxia da ido kyallen takarda. Sistem sakulasan cuta na akan tantanin ido da kuma hemorrhages a cikin akan tantanin ido zai iya kai ga makanta. A daidai wannan lokaci, fiye da rabi daga cikin tsofaffi hawan jinni da marasa lafiya, musamman maza, sha hypertrophy (karuwa a tsokar taro) na hagu ventricle na zuciya, illa koda aiki ne a hadarin for bugun jini.
Hagu na ramin zuciya hypertrophy a marasa lafiya tare da jijiya hauhawar jini
Hypertrophy na hagu na ramin zuciya myocardium a hadarin tsanani da rikitarwa a cikin nau'i na zuciya rashin cin nasara, zuciya harin. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan cuta yana tsaye a kan daya daga cikin mafi girma a cikin dukkan sauran matsalolin na daban da suka shafi matsalolin da lalacewa ta hanyar hauhawar jini. A mataki na karuwa a tsokar taro ne m game da ta al'ada nauyi. Iyakar halatta taro index darajar infarction a maza dauke su 134 g / m2, kuma kadan kasa a mata - 110 g / m2. A halin yanzu, hanya mafi kyau don nazarin tsokar hypertrophy aka dauke echocardiography. A mafi mashahuri nau'i na bincike zuciya jarrabawa - ECG, shi ne ma iya gane hagu na ramin zuciya hypertrophy, amma kawai a yanayin da cewa canje-canje su ne riga kusa da m. Excellent sakamakon ba irin wannan bincike dabaru irin lissafta tomography da Magnetic rawa Dabarar.
Hanawa na koda aiki a marasa lafiya tare da jijiya hauhawar jini
Take hakkin koda aiki a farko mataki na jijiya hauhawar jini sau da yawa kada a gane shi, wanda shi ne wata babbar factor a ci gaban kullum na koda gazawar, intrarenal jijiyoyin bugun gini raunuka, da dai sauransu. A Sanadin cututtuka daban-daban a sakamakon sosai jini ya kwarara zuwa kodan, kamar yadda yakan faru a cikin hauhawar jini gagarumin vasoconstriction da kuma rufe su katangu. Wani daga cikin na kowa canje-canje a cikin koda arteries ne hyperplastic na roba atherosclerosis. Saboda da lumen sclerosing jini koda gado rage-rage. A lokuta biyu, da na koda jini ya kwarara da aka rage, wadda take kaiwa zuwa hypoxia - kasawa da oxygen a koda kyallen takarda. Koda nama atrophies da aka maye gurbinsu da connective nama, wanda ba zai iya yin koda ayyuka. A sakamakon haka, fitsari samuwar ba a yi da urination, suna fitarwa gubobi, jiki samootravlyaetsya nitrogenous slag up ga ci gaban uremia wanda zai iya tsokana mutuwa.
Canje-canje a cikin kwakwalwa a marasa lafiya tare da jijiya hauhawar jini
Game da kwakwalwa lalacewa a jijiya hauhawar jini ya ce 'yan more. Yadda aka saba, canje-canje a cikin tsarin da kwakwalwa riga da ba-takamaiman bayyanar cututtuka, wanda za a iya halin da dama cututtuka da kuma da farko ba jawo hankalin hankalin mafi yawan tsofaffi. Daga cikin su akai-akai bayyana da kuma bace ciwon kai, asarar memory, irritability, barci tashin hankali, tinnitus da kuma wasu cututtuka. A wannan lokacin, wani gagarumin canje-canje a cikin juyayi tsarin ba ya faruwa, amma fundus za a iya gani fara takaita na retinal jijiyoyi. Idan hauhawar jini tasowa ba dama, sa'an nan wadannan cututtuka a kan lokacin da ya zama mafi pronounced da naci. A wannan mataki faruwa kwayoyin cuta na tsakiya m tsarin. Rikidar na hauhawar jini a cikin wadannan, wani na uku mataki An riga an kai tsaye hade da hadarin bugun jini.
Bugun jini marasa lafiya da jijiya hauhawar jini
A baya matakai na cuta, jijiya hauhawar jini yana tare da manyan sikelin-take hakki na tsakiya m tsarin. Suna da ninkawa da tsanani hawan jinni rikicin, wanda ya zama mafi m jinkiri, kazalika da ya faru na shanyewar jiki. A takaice bayyana bugun jini iya zama kamar haka - shi hanzari ci gaba cerebral jini ya kwarara, sakamakon kwakwalwa nama suna unrecoverable lalacewa. Tare da lalata kwakwalwa nama, kwayoyin tsofaffi mutum daina aiki kullum. iri biyu bugun jini suke da daraja a duniya likita yi: hemorrhagic da ischemic. Hemorrhagic bugun jini halin lalacewar da rabo ko wani dukan yankin na kwakwalwa hemorrhage saboda daban-daban masu girma dabam. A wani ischemic bugun jini mutuwa jijiya Kwayoyin na cerebral rabo m zuwa lõkacin fatara daga jinin samar lalacewa ta hanyar blockage na wani cerebral jijiya wani atherosclerotic plaque.

Bayan cikakken shawara na cututtuka da kuma sakamakon da hauhawar jini iya kammala da cewa a cikin dogon gudu, yana da ba kawai da cutar, amma kuma musamman yanayin jiki, wanda ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa wata babbar lamba na mafi tsanani, kuma ko da miyagun cututtuka. A takaice, mu maimaita cewa hauhawar jini zama tushen hadarin tsokar zuciya infarction, angina kuma arrhythmia, shortness na numfashi da ciwon sukari, degenerative Disc cuta, osteoarthritis, periodontal cuta, cholecystitis, gastritis, colitis kuma ko da wani yawan ailments. A wannan batun, shi ne bayyananne cewa farkon ganewar asali na hauhawar jini, da kuma ya dauki dukan matakan da zai yiwu domin ta kula da magani. Drug lura da hauhawar jini ga tsofaffi za a nada nan da nan bayan da gwajin. Selection na kwayoyi ne da za'ayi shan la'akari da dama dalilai, ciki har da gaban concomitant cututtuka.

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