Kamfanonin man fetur da gas na zamani na zamani a Rasha

Ci gaban masana'antun man fetur da na gas yana daya daga cikin muhimman al'amurra na tattalin arzikin kasarmu. Rarrabaccen kayan albarkatun kasa na Rasha da aka yi a duniya yana da kashi 10%. Babban mahimmanci a cikin wannan batu ya ƙunshi kamfanonin man fetur na gas da Rasha. Ga manyan kamfanoni 5 daga wannan jerin.

Kamfanonin mai da gas a Russia: jerin

Kamfanoni mafi girma na Rasha na wannan masana'antu sune:

• Lukoil.
• "Tsaya".
• Surgutneftegaz.
• "Gazprom".
• Rosneft.

"Lukoil"

Tarihin kamfanin ya fara a 1991, lokacin da aka kafa jihar ta "LangepasUrayKogalymneft", daga bisani aka sake sa shi cikin "Lukoil". A shekara ta 1994, an ware kamfanin ne, sakamakon haka ne Vagit Alekperov ya zama mafi mahimmanci.

Hanyar aiki na kamfanin shine hakar, bincike, sarrafawa da sayar da gas da man fetur.

Sauran kamfanonin man fetur da na gas a Rasha sunyi la'akari da Lukoil, tun lokacin da ya zama mabukaci a cikin wannan filin. Matakan farko na kasuwa na waje sun yi da Lukoil, kuma ana gudanar da aikin a fiye da kasashe 20. Kamfanin yana kuma shiga ayyukan duniya don haɓakawa da kuma bincika kayayyaki kayan kayayyaki.

Yanzu Lukoil na tasowa a yankuna na Baltic, Barents da Caspian.

Surgutneftegaz

Kamfanin "Surgutneftegaz" yana cikin binciken nazarin gine-ginen, samarwa, sarrafawa da sayar da hydrocarbons. Mai da iskar gas da aka gudanar a Yammacin kuma Eastern Siberia.

Sauran kamfanoni a masana'antar man fetur da gas a Rasha sun fi bude, idan aka kwatanta da shi. Duk tsawon lokacin da kamfanin ya kasance, sau ɗaya kawai a shekara ta 2001, kafofin yada labaru sun ji labarin cewa kashi ɗaya cikin uku na ajiyar kuɗin da aka lissafa a cikin takardar shaidarsa, bayan haka akwai wasu aikace-aikace. Bayan shekaru 11 kawai kamfanin ya sake buga rahotanni game da IFRS. Har zuwa yanzu, bayanin game da 'yan Surgutneftegaz ya kasance a rufe.

Kamfanin ya kafa a shekarar 1984. Tun daga wannan lokacin, babban darakta na musamman shi ne Vladimir Bogdanov. Godiya a gare shi, kamfanin ya zama daya daga cikin mafi arziki a duniya.

"Tattara"

Kamfanonin man fetur da na gas na Russia sun fi yawanci a kowane yanki, amma ba Tattauna ba. Yana da dangantaka mai zurfi tare da gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Tatarstan. Bugu da ƙari, babban kamfanoni na jihar, Svyazinvestneftekhim, yana da kusan kashi uku na hannun jari na Tatneft. Gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Republican tana da raɗaɗin zinariya na kamfanin, wanda ya ba mu damar gabatar da hakkin veto a kan dukkan al'amurra masu muhimmanci. Shugabar kwamandan gudanarwa kuma shi ne shugaba na lokaci-lokaci na Jamhuriyar.

Kasuwancin yana sa kuɗin haraji na yau da kullum zuwa ga kasafin kudin kasar. Har ila yau, ban da babban aikinsa, kamfanin yana tayar da mota, kuma a shekara ta 2012 ya gina kayan aikin mai. Tatarstan shine babban yankin bincike da kuma samar da wuraren mai da gas.

"Gazprom"

Kamfanin da aka halitta a Soviet sau - a 1989. Yana da aka kafa a sakamakon da canji na ma'aikatar Gas Industry na Tarayyar Soviet a jihar Damuwa "Gazprom". A shekara ta 1993, kamfanin ya sake suna a cikin OAO RAO Gazprom, sannan ya zama kamfanin jama'a.

Babban filin aikin shine hakar, sufuri da rarraba kayan gas.

Sauran kamfanonin man fetur da gas a Rasha da kuma duniya ba su da irin wannan tsarin man fetur. Tsawonsa tsawon kilomita 160 ne.

Taro masu haɗin gwiwar shine babban jigon gudanarwa. Shugabar Direktan Hukumar Viktor Zubkov.

Rosneft

An kafa Rosneft ne a cikin shekarar Soviet a shekarar 1993 a matsayin kamfanin da ke kulawa da gwamnati a cikin hakarwa da kuma aikin zinariya. Ya ƙunshi game da kamfanoni 300 da suka wanzu kafin 1991.

A farkon shekarun aikin su a jagorancin Rosneft sau da dama shugabannin sun canza. Ƙananan samar da kayan aiki da kuma lalata albarkatun kasa sun haifar da raguwa a tallace-tallace na kayayyakin man fetur.

Tun shekara ta 1998, sabon lokaci a tarihin kamfanin ya fara. A wannan lokaci, Bogdanchikov ya zama jagoran, wanda ya gudanar da aikin da ya samu a cikin shekaru 2.

A shekara ta 2000, ci gaba da sabon adadi ya fara: a 2002 - Kaigansko-Vasyuganskoye, a 2003 - Veninskoye, Timano-Pechora. An fara aikin ne a Gabashin Siberia, Kazakhstan, Algeria. Sauran kamfanonin man fetur na Rasha da na gas ba su rufe irin wannan babban yanki na ci gaban filin. Rosneft yana da tashoshi 4 na fitarwa na kayan albarkatu.

Babban kamfanonin man fetur da gas a Rasha suna cikin halin da ke cikin tattalin arziki. A gefe guda, samar da man fetur ya karu, yayin da samar da iskar gas ta ragu sosai. Dalilin haka shi ne rage yawan buƙatar gas da karuwa a man fetur a kasuwannin gida da kasuwanni.