Jihar Algeria: yawan, tarihi, description

Algeria - a kasa ayi a kan ƙasa da Arewacin Afrika. Yana nufin da jihohi da Rum tasa, da kuma na da damar zuwa teku a arewa. Official sunan - da jama'ar Jumhuriyar na Algeria.
Yana iyaka da irin wannan ƙasashe: Nijar, Mali, Mauritania, Libya da kuma Tunisia. A kasar babban birnin kasar ne eponymous birnin Algiers.

Tarihi na Algeria

Tarihi na Jihar fara a karni na goma BC, lokacin da a karon farko a waɗannan ƙasashe kabilan Phoenicians zaunar. Na dogon lokaci da yankin mallakar Roman sa'an nan Byzantine Empire. A XVI karni, Aljeriya ya zama wani lardi na Ottoman jam'iyya. Kuma a cikin XIX karni, shi ne wani ɓangare na Faransa a matsayin ta mallaka. Shi ne kawai a 1962, Algeria (Afirka) ya zama m.

Sunan zo daga kalmar "al-dzhezair" - "tsibirin." Fiye da 80% na dukan ƙasa na Jihar lissafi ga duniyar tamu ta most hamada - Sahara. A kudu maso gabas ne Ahaggar tsaunuka, kuma an located a nan kuma shi ne mafi girman aya daga cikin kasar - Tahat (2906 m). A arewa, shi kewaye daya daga cikin 'yan dutsen jeri a Afirka - Atlas Mountains.

sauyin yanayi

Algeria description ya kamata a fara da yanayin yanayi. A kasar da aka located in biyu climatic zones: subtropical Rum irin da wani wurare masu zafi hamada. Last unfavorable ga yawan rai a nan. Saboda haka, mafi yawan al'ummar (game da 93%) yana zaunar a kan arewa Coast. Winter weakly bayyana, ruwa, ba tare da sanyi zazzabi. Average t ° Janairu + 12 ° C. Summers ne zafi da kuma bushe. A hamada yankunan iska zazzabi ya dogara da lokaci na rana. Bambanci tsakanin dare da rana zai iya isa fiye da 20 ° C. har ma da snow da dama a kan dutse fi.

Algeria - a kasar halin da bushe canjin yanayin. Shekara-shekara hazo ba ya wuce 100-150 mm. Rivers da akai akai ba a nan. Kawai a damana, bushe gadaje za a iya cika da ruwa. Algeria ne kawai manyan kogin - Sheliff, tsawon na 700 km. Yana empties a cikin Bahar Rum. A kogi da ake amfani das hi don bayi na gona a kan shi gina samar da wutar lantarki. A Sahara za ka iya saduwa da guda zango. Da suka faru a wuraren da surface na cikin karkashin kasa ruwayen tashi kusa.

kayan duniya

A Flora na kasar ne ma daban-daban saboda topography da kuma sauyin yanayi. A arewa, mamaye Rum ciyayi irin. Wannan shi ne abin da ya bambanta Algeria. A jama'ar na Jihar na alfaharin da za a girma a kan ƙasa na kasar su. Ga, a ko'ina za ka iya samun kananan itatuwa da kuma m shrubs: itacen zaitun, pistachio, Juniper, abin toshe kwalaba, sandarak, Holm oak. deciduous nau'in bishiyoyi ma girma. Flora Saharar Afrika ne sosai matalauta. Yana gabatar kawai biyu jinsin: ephemeral da sarƙaƙƙiya.

dabba duniya

A fauna ne ma bai isa ba. Bugu da kari ga halitta karu a yawan mutane, akwai kuma matsalar da lalata wasu iri dabbobi. A cikin mountainous gandun daji yankunan iya saduwa da hares, daji Boars. A fauna ne halayyar da hamadan Sahara: hyenas, wurin zaman diloli, bareyi, barewa, cheetahs, Foxes.

ma'adanai

Algeria, wanda yana da wata alƙarya sami wani albashi daga waje tallace-tallace, na da most adibas na man fetur da kuma iskar gas. Sai waɗanda suka qumshi ɗumbin mafiya yawan tattalin arzikin kasar. Wannan jiha bautarka manyan wuri a kan fitarwa daga wadannan ma'adanai.

yawan

Bisa ga latest ƙidaya, akwai fiye da 40 da mutane miliyan a Algeria. Fiye da rabin yawan - birane mazauna. A kabilanci sharuddan, da mafi yawan mazauna - Larabawa (83%). Mafi yawa da suka rayu a cikin ƙasa na kasa kamar Algeria. The yawan wannan jiha ne ma wakilta Berbers - kusan 17%. Kasa da 1% - wakilan sauran kasashe. The hukuma jihar harshe - Larabci. Amma kuma kowa da Faransa. Algeria - ƙasar Musulmi. Musulmi ne 99% na al'ummar jihar.

Halaye na jihar

A cewar jihar tsarin, Aljeriya - Jamhuriyar. A shugaban kasar ne shugaban kasa. A majalisar dokoki ne a majalisar dokokin kasar kunsha na biyu da bẽnãye - Majalisar Dattawa da kuma jama'ar kasar Majalisar. All gabobin da jihar da aka zabe su ta hanyar kada kuri'a domin a 5 shekara ambatacce.

Bisa ga administrative rabo na kasa ne zuwa kashi yankuna (vilayets). Algeria ne zuwa kashi 48 larduna. Su, bi da bi, zuwa kashi gundumomi, da kuma na karshe - a kan ƙungiya. Bugu da kari a cikin babban birnin kasar Algiers, inda jama'ar na game da miliyan 3 mutane (as of 2011), da manyan birane ne Oran, Skikda, Annaba, Constantine.

Al'adu Heritage da kuma yawon shakatawa

Akwai da yawa ban sha'awa gani, kiyaye tun lokacin mamayar nan da Byzantine da Ottoman dauloli. Yan unguwa tsõron al'adu da hankali tsaro da tarihi Monuments. Algeria, wanda yawan shi ne quite marabtar - cikakken wuri a gare matafiya, don haka sauran a cikin wannan yanki zai zama wani abin tunawa daya. Akwai da yawa hotels da Inns, su dulmuya su farashin. Duk da haka, ya kamata a kula da yawan zafin jiki kula da jihar, saboda ba za ka iya sauƙi "aiki up" wani sanyi, saboda da peculiarities na gida sauyin yanayi.