Inland ruwan Australia: halaye da kuma bayanin

Duk da ciki ruwa, Australia ba da matsayi na sarrafa giza nahiyar a duniya. A sauyin yanayi da kuma topography na nahiyar wajen monotonous, wanda shi ne ba da Flora da fauna. Babban ɓangare na Australia samu a kananan adadin hazo, da kuma babban watershed aka located gabas na tsakiya na nahiyar. Wannan ya bayyana m siffar catchment tsarin.

sauyin yanayi Australia

Babban ɓangare na nahiyar ne a kan Australian farantin. The taimako da aka kafa a lokacin Archean orogeny. Saboda wannan dalili, akwai kusan babu dutsen jeri. Yanayin damina kama da wadanda na nahiyar Afirka. A lokacin da ƙasa na Eurasian snow, Australia ne a cikin riko da wani zafi zafi. The talakawan zafin jiki a tsakiyar nahiyar - game da 35 ºC. Winter fara a watan Yuni kuma yana har Satumba. The talakawan zafin jiki - game da 10 ºC. A dare frosts yiwuwa. A mafi sassa na yankin, a cikin shekarar da dama ba fiye da 250 mm na ruwan sama.

The Australian nahiyar is located in uku halitta zones: wurare masu zafi, subtropical da kuma yankin sahara. Game da 44% na yankin shagaltar da ta bari, inda a can 8. Kudancin nahiyar halin iskar zafi da kuma bushe lokacin rani da kuma hunturu, mataimakin versa, ruwa. Northern Australia ne a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da Kudu Equatorial Yanzu. A lokacin rani akwai ruwa sosai, da kuma hunturu ne bayyanannu, kuma bushe.

tectonics

Mafi yawa daga cikin dutsen tsarin na nahiyar sun bace a sakamakon weathering matakai a 'yan shekaru biliyan. Australia ta girma ganiya - Dutsen Kosciuszko. The girma na elevations yana da tsawo na kasa da 200 m. Game da miliyan 40 da suka wuce kafa Great rarraba Range. Wannan ƙwarai maras kyau dutsen iyaka, kuma da daya kawai a nan.

A nahiyar ne da nisa daga wuraren da na lamba tsakanin tectonic faranti. Wannan ya bayyana cewa, a Australia babu volcanoes. Maha? Ar na tectonic faranti ne a Oceania. A wannan lokaci, babban volcanic aiki.

Inland ruwan Australia: taƙaice

A nahiyar, a kananan kogin gudãna daga rate. Ainihin adadin waterways bushe up. River, da suka fara a gabashin gangaren rarraban Range kuma located in Tasmania, shekara-zagaye. Inland ruwan Australia, located in yamma bushe up a lokacin rani zafi. Mafi yawa daga cikin ƙasa yana da kõguna da kõguna sunã gudãna a cikin nahiyar. Iyakokin tasa tattara ruwa, ya nuna weakly.

kogi

Inland ruwan Australia, wanda yana da wani photo a cikin labarin an gabatar da babban kogin - da Murray. Yana yana da uku manyan sikelin-ambaliya, tattara danshi daga ƙasa na fiye da 1 da dubu. ^Km2. Asalin da babban aikin gandu suna located 200 km kashe gabas Coast na nahiyar. Tare hanyar da suka gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu tare cikin girma kõguna sunã gudãna ta a Tuddan tashoshi na a cikin shugabanci na teku. A tsawon Murray ne 2575 km. Ƙananan kai na kan 970 km daga bakin navigable.

Cikas ga manyan-sikelin ruwa kai ne sandbanks. Saboda su wuri kusa da bakin teku tasoshin ba zai iya tafiya a kan Murray. Murrumbidgee - mai tributary na most kogin na nahiyar. Its tsawon - game da 1690 km, da kogin fãra a Kum. "Ake yin dusar ƙanƙara Mountains" - hydroelectric iko gudãnar da hadin gwiwa kwarara daga cikin biyu koguna.

Darling - na biyu manyan inflow Murray, tattara ruwa daga yammacin gangara Rarraba kunya. A tsawon kogin ne 2740 km. A cikin layi tare da aikin gandu da kuma wasu ne dams cewa gwada da ya kwarara a dukan lokaci, fãce ga mai tsanani fari.

ruwa gwamnatin

Wannan musamman m ruwan Australia ba iyaka. Babban ɓangare na nahiyar yana compartmentalized magudana ko nasa ne da ciki tasa. An misali na irin wannan zones - Western tudu. The yawa tashoshi na ruwa ne mai rare da kuma gajeren lokaci. Drains kai ga bushewa har na lake ko dausayi.

Sararin ƙasa, wani yanki na 1143,7 dubu. ² km, yana nufin pool Lake. Air shigar saman goma a duniya. Pool hada da kõguna Cooper Creek, Georgina da Diamantina River. A kwana na abin da ya faru shi ne kadan, tortuous tashar, wani lokacin zoba.

Binciko m ruwan Australia 7th sa na sakandare. Na manhaja an san cewa da tashar tasa na Lake Eyre ne kusan ko da yaushe bushe, da kõguna na ruwa ya bayyana a gare su ne kawai bayan nauyi ruwan sama. A wannan lokaci, da nisa daga cikin ruwa yana gangarowa har zuwa dama kilomita. Duk da haka, da suka kusan ko da yaushe bace kafin kai da kwari na lake. The ruwa a nan kuma ya bayyana a karon farko kawai a 1950 domin lokacin Turawa lura isa a kasar.

A yanayi na Australia da kuma m ruwa ake m. A sakamakon ruwan sama da aka low da rashin zaman lafiya mafi yawan waɗansu kõguna na nahiyar. A saboda wannan dalili, za su iya ba a yi amfani domin amfanin mutum. 'Yan shafukan dace domin gina dams, musamman a cikin tsakiyar ɓangare na nahiyar, inda ruwan matsala ne sosai m. Don magance ta, kana bukatar mai yawa full-gudãna kududdufai.

A mafi m yankunan da manyan yawa na ruwa kawai evaporates. Kawai a Tasmania, Australia ta m ruwan da barga shekara-zagaye dake kwarara.

Lake

The taimako, da sauyin yanayi na Australia da kuma m ruwa sun sa wani babban yawan bushe tabkuna. A kasa na wadannan hollows rufe lãka, arziki a salts. A wasu lokuta, akwai tabkuna cika da ruwa. Duk da haka, suna tare da cikakken salts da laka a wata m zurfin. Mafi yawansu ba su ne a yammacin ɓangare na nahiyar, da kuma most suna located a kudancin ɓangare (Eyre, Frome, Torrens et al.).

A kudu maso gabashin nahiyar an saita lagoons arziki ruwa salts wanda aka rabu daga teku yashi shinge. Tasmania - da yankin inda za ka iya samun mafi girma a tafkin nahiyar tare da sabo ruwa, wasu suna gina samar da wutar lantarki.

ruwan karkashin kasa

Karkashin kasa m ruwan Australia - mai muhimmanci hanya. Mai kauyuka kawota daga wannan Madogararsa. Wuraren da cewa suna shagaltar karkashin kasa kududdufai, babbar (a kan 3240 dubu. ² km). Mafi yawansu ba su dauke da narkar da daskararru, waxanda suke da m das hi don bayi. Duk da haka, wannan ruwa za a iya amfani da dabbobi gonaki.

Karkashin kasa na nahiyar shi ne mafi girma a duniya Great Artesian Basin. Its yanki ne 1751,5 thous. Km ^2. Ruwa a karkashin kasa, ya ƙunshi babban adadin salts. Duk da haka, ba tare da wannan tushen danshi dilution na tumaki a nahiyar zai iya barazana. Artesian daruna da karami yankunan da a wasu yankunan nahiyar.