Generative sashin jiki. Mene ne generative sashin jiki da shuka?

Kowace shuka na da musamman jiki tsarin, wanda cikakken bi da ayyuka da suka yi. Saboda haka, takardar samar photosynthesis da kuma tushen - gona abinci mai gina jiki. Generative jiki ne flower, 'ya'yan itacen da aka kafa tare da iri. A wannan labarin, za mu duba a cikin halaye na su Physiology da rawa a cikin rayuwar shuke-shuke.

Mene ne jiki

Authority iya kawai za a kira wani tsarin naúrar da shuka, wanda aka kafa ta dama iri kyallen takarda. Alal misali, tushen kunshi wani conductive, mechanically, ilimi da shafi bambancin. Amma rhizoids algae karkashin kasa da gabobin kama kawai a cikin bayyanar. A gaskiya ma, sun kunshi wani jam'i na mutum Kwayoyin da alaka ne kawai anatomically. Saboda haka, irin wannan tsarin jiki ba za a dauke.

Ka yi la'akari da tsarin da hakan angiosperms. Ta boye gabobin, kamar yadda aka ce, shi ne tushen. A kan wani surface located mafaka. Yana da aka hada da axial sassa - da kara, da kuma gefen - na takardar. A kan aiwatar da girma a cikin gudun hijira flower aka kafa, daga abin da bunkasa tayin.

Nau'in na shuka gabobin

gabobin da tsire-tsire suna classified bisa ga daban-daban sharudda. By aiki rarrabe vegetative da generative. Na farko da kungiyar hada da tushen da kuma sprout. Da farko sun kawo vegetative yaduwa, wanda shi ne zai yiwu ta kawar da sassa daga dukan kwayar kwayoyin. Yana za a iya za'ayi tushen suckers, tubers, cuttings, ganye, fitila. Vegetative gabobin da kuma yin wasu ayyuka a shuka. Yana photosynthesis, kasar gona abinci mai gina jiki, da girma, rike da ruwa da kuma ma'adanai.

Generative sashin jiki da shuka shi ne wajibi ne ga jima'i haifuwa. Wannan irin haifuwa na da nasu irin shi ne wani muhimmin amfani. Kawai a cikin shakka daga jima'i haifuwa auku recombination kayyade abu, a sakamakon wanda sabon, mafi yawa amfani fasali. A sakamakon haka, da shuka kwayoyin ne iya daidaita da sabon yanayi na zama.

Mene ne generative sashin jiki da shuka

A kan aiwatar da jima'i haifuwa ne da hannu gametes. Wadannan qware Kwayoyin located in gabobin da ake kira generative. A inji shi ne mai flower. dimbin yawa 'ya'yan itace da tsaba nunarsa a cikin shakka daga ta ci gaba. Wannan generative gabobin ne ba duk tsire-tsire ne m na jima'i haifuwa. Alal misali, unicellular algae karkashin m yanayi iya kafa gametes. Sun fita cikin ruwa da kuma pairwise hadin wasika. A sakamakon haka ne zygote. An rufe tare da m harsashi, da kuma a cikin wannan jiha shan wahala daga daskarewa da kuma bushewa. Lokacin da sake sharadi gwargwado faruwa, da abinda ke ciki na zygote raba, don samar da hudu mobile spores.

A mafi girma spore shuke-shuke jam sel da girma a cikin qware gabobin kira gametangia. A mossy aka sanya a saman da kara da kuma suna da wani nau'i na m tsarin. Kuma ferns namiji da mace gametophytes aka kafa a kan wannan shuka - prothallia. Qwai da maniyyi girma a lokuta dabam dabam, don haka aiwatar da tattara abubuwa masu kyau na faruwa tsakanin daban-daban shuke-shuke. All spore shuke-shuke bukatar ruwa domin hadi. Wannan yanayin ne hallmark wannan din hadin kai, wanda "ne wasiyya" na algae.

A tsarin da flower

Generative sashen iri shuke-shuke, wanda aka wakilta wani flower, shi ne mafi cikakken tsarin. Its main sassa ne pestle, wanda gidaje da kwai da kuma stamen dauke da maniyyi. A da mahaɗar tsakãninsu nan gaba tayi kafa jiki.

Flower da ake kira taqaitaccen da kuma iyakance ci gaban da mutated mafaka. Baya daga cikin stamens da pistil, shi kunshi peduncle da perianth. A kashi na farko ne a ci gaba da elongate kara. A yanayi, m short-yanke da dabara flower zangarniya. Misalan irin shuke-shuke suna masara, sunflower, plantain, Clover. Irin Tsarin ake kira sessile.

A tsarin hada da kofin perianth kunshi wani jam'i na carpels kuma whisk. Last kafa petals, wanda aka modified ganye. A da yawa shuke-shuke da corolla babban da haske. Wardi, tulips, chrysanthemums, furannin bi-rana - duk wadannan furanni sun dogon zama mai ban mamaki ado na wani hutu saboda wannan hali. Wadannan furanni jawo hankalin kwari. Wind-pollinated shuke-shuke da inconspicuous beaters da kuma siffar buds.

Jigon biyu hadi

Kan aiwatar da gamete Fusion Earsbe pollination. Wannan tsari na da canja wurin pollen daga anther zuwa stigma stamens. Yana yana da za'ayi tare da taimakon iska, kwari, ruwa ko mutum. A lokacin hadi, maniyyi dauki biyu part. Faduwa ta amfani da jam tube a pistil kwai, daya daga wanda Yanã shigar da kwai, da kuma wani - tare da tsakiyar jam. Saboda haka, da tsari a cikin flowering shuke-shuke da kuma kira biyu.

The iri na 'ya'yan itatuwa

A sakamakon hadewar gametes kafa modified generative gabobin - da 'ya'yan itace. Ya ƙunshi wani iri kewaye da wani harsashi. Suna da ake kira da pericarp. Yana iya zama bushe da m. Misalai na farko da kungiyar ne apples, da na dutse 'ya'yan, Berry da kankana. Amma da wake kwafsa, kwantena, achene, caryopsis da kwayoyi - bushe 'ya'yan itãcen marmari.

Seed kuma ta akanta

By da generative gabobin da flowering shuke-shuke sun hada da iri. Wannan musamman tsarin farko bayyana a conifers. A wannan mataki, da iri shuke-shuke zauna a rinjaye matsayi a duniya. The abu ne cewa a kwatanta da iri, suna da mafi m fasali na tsarin. Shi ne da farko samuwar kayayyakin gina jiki da kuma iri bawo wanda dogara kare tayi daga danshi da kuma zazzabi canje-canje, kulla pericarp.

Saboda haka, generative gabobin da angiosperms ne flower, a sakamakon wanda 'ya'yan itatuwa da tsaba suna kafa. Wadannan Tsarin samar da wani tsari na jima'i haifuwa na shuke-shuke , kuma da fitowan na sabon ci-gaba fasali na tsarin kwayoyin.