Bourgeois - wani wakilin tsakiyar aji. Me ya sa ake kalmar "wimp" ya samu wani mummunan connotation?

"To, duk da tausayin-bourgeois fadama sucked!" - ya ce da heroine daga cikin shahararrun fim. A ta kalmomi undisguised sarcasm da kuma raini. Bourgeois - wani wakilin aji, wanda wanzu har 1917. Man jure wahaloli da yawa, m, reveres iyali dabi'u. Me ake kalmar samu wani mummunan connotation?

etymology

"Bourgeois" - kalmar da na kasashen waje asali. Fassara daga Polish - wani mazaunin birnin. A Rasha lokaci jawabin zo a cikin goma sha bakwai karni. A zamanin mulkin Alexei Mikhailovich duk Yaren mutanen Poland ya a Vogue. "Bourgeois" - wani ra'ayi da tabbaci ensconced a lokatan wahala, ba kawai a cikin magana da harshen, amma kuma a cikin harkokin siyasa da kuma doka terminology.

birni mutane

A cikin karni na goma sha bakwai fuskar musamman unprotected a cikin doka da kuma halin kirki ji wani tradesman. Wannan ya yi da aka haramta don sa da kansa yadi. Wannan shi ake kira a "black birni mutum." Kuma ya yi damƙar bulale a stables ga wata 'yar alamar laifi. Duk da haka, akwai har yanzu manoma. Amma wannan shi ne mai raba hira.

Idan Rasha gentry a cikin karni na goma sha bakwai, da aka tambaye zuwa sama a dangantawa zuwa ga kalma "burgers," ya ba su yi shakka dole ya ce m magana "black birni mutane." Akwai wani zaɓi, mafi jitu - "townspeople."

A zama na tausayin bourgeois a Rasha guba kudade da kuma aikinsu. Wasu townspeople kasance haka tawayar a cikin irin wannan Jihar harkokin cewa a yarda su craft kuma ya tafi kauye, inda ya shiga bayi.

A shekaru na Bitrus a cikin bourgeois aji gano biyu guilds. Na farko da kungiyar hada da ma'aji, 'yan kasuwa da likitoci, chemists, jewelers. Na biyu - da sana'a, masu taverns da kuma wakilan sauran kasa girmamawa fasahohin.

Lokacin da Catherine II

Da ma'anar "tradesman" da aka ayyana Empress a wani daftarin aiki. Catherine II kira wannan category na mazauna Rasha tsakiyar aji. Su ba cultivators kuma wa manya. Bugu da kari, a mafi cikakken rarrabuwa na tsakiyar aji aka halitta. A general, su rayuwa karkashin Catherine ya zama m. Su ma suka zo a yi da ake kira "daidai birnin Filistiyawa."

An halicce su da kuma wanzu for kan ɗari biyu da shekara asali burgher al'umma. Members na wannan ƙungiyoyi da wani nauyi, kuma gata.

A wannan zamanin,

Bourgeois aji yana da dogon tarihi. Sunset shi yana nufin farkon karni na ashirin da, a lokacin da kalmar "kawo dukkan" a cikin Rasha harshe. More daidai, ajalin da cewa ya samo asali da yawa a baya. Amma jama'ar da suka kasance a wannan rukuni, sun bayyana a farkon na XX karni.

Masana sun ƙi townspeople, kira "Filistiyawa", "masu." A cikin wadannan kalmomi, shi zai ze akwai abu ba daidai ba. Duk da haka, akwai bayyana a lokacin da Soviet ikon da ta utopian ra'ayin duniya farin ciki. Bourgeois akidarsa a shi bai dace. Maganar cewa da zarar evoked girmamawa, ya zama kusan wata datti kalma.

"Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme"

Rasha analogue na tradesman a Turai - da bourgeoisie. Wakilin wannan aji ma wani nau'i ne na tsakiya tsakanin ƙananan azuzuwan da kuma aristocracy. Amma idan manoma, shi da kansa bai rubuta sauri, ta manyansu kuma ku yi jihãdi ga shiga. A kan wannan batu, Moliere rubuta wani comedy.

A gwarzo na Faransa marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, yayi kokarin zama kamar wani aristocrat. Duk da haka, jahilci da kuma wawa kwaikwayo na ruining shi. Marubucin ya kira costumed burgher "a aro plumes."

Moliere ta comedy ba zamantakewa a yanayi. Wannan ban mamaki aiki izgili, sama da dukan, mutum mũnãnan ayyuka. Amma gaskiyar cewa kalmar "wimp" ya samu wani mummunan connotation, ba na karshe rawar da aka buga da sanannen jarumi na comedy.

A wannan zamanin

Abin da ake nufi a yau da Kalmar "tausayin bourgeoisie"? Fassara wannan kalma za a iya ba kamar haka: mutane na low ilimi da al'adun, da abin ya shafa da saye da abubuwa, bã tãre da wata ma'ana na zamantakewa alhakin.

Philistinism a magana a yau ne kuma ake kira mai dadi da dandano. Wannan fahimtar ajalin tashi saboda al'ada sani cewa da yawa daga wannan aji a cikin goma sha takwas-karni na sha tara samu damar sayan alatu abubuwa, amma bai san yadda za a yi shi dama. "Wannan dama" a cikin wannan mahallin - yana nufin daidai da aristocratic dandano.

Philistinism a XXI karni

Kamancin na kalmar "wimp" na iya zama wani wallafe-wallafen Kalmar "Filistiyawa". Wannan kalma na da raina sautin. Bafilisten - akasin romance. Wannan mutumin a titi, wanda ba ya son a ado dabi'u.

Komowa zuwa korau, kusan datti kalmar "wimp", dole ne a ce cewa ta babban darajar a cikin zamani ji - a son ruhaniya dũkiya. A lokaci ya shafi waɗanda suke ba su da sha'awar adabi da wasannin fasaha. Ga waɗanda ma'anar rayuwa ne da saye da dukiya, tufafi. Bourgeois - mutumin m, ko da yaushe haunting su wulakantattun dalilai.

Duk da haka, bisa ga wannan terminology, a zamani al'umma da ya fi na kowa irin hali ne daya da cewa ya kamata a alama ta wannan kalma.