Arewa iyakacin duniya: arewacin batu na duniya

A arewacin batu na ƙasar - daya daga cikin kalla bincika wurare a wannan duniya tamu. A matsananci yanayi ya zama wata babbar matsala a cikin binciken na wannan yankin. Domin da dama ƙarni, daban-daban expeditions zuwa nasara da Arewa iyakacin duniya, amma ba koyaushe, tafiya ƙare nasara. Wasu mutane karatu permafrost kudin kiwon lafiya, da rayuwar. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu yi kokarin fahimtar abin da ta asĩri rike da arewacin batu na duniya.

Inda a gaskiya ne da Arewa iyakacin duniya?

Idan muka kusanci batun daga kimiyya ra'ayi, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa akwai 4 iri sandunan:

• A geomagnetic. Shi ne, akwai, inda Magnetic axis na duniya.
• Iyakacin duniya na Inaccessibility. Wannan batu ne dake a cikin sanyi, kankara-rufe teku, da kuma a fadin hukumar mafi m daga ƙasa.
• Magnetic. Sai ya nuna wa kamfas allura.
• Geographic. Its wuri da aka mayar da hankali a kan yanayin axis na duniya.

Arewa iyakacin duniya yana tsarawa - 90 ° ^N, amma tsawon bai samu ba, tun da dukan Lines converge a cibiyar na iyakacin duniya.

A Kudu iyakacin duniya da aka located a nahiyar Antarctica, 98% na wanda aka gudanar saukar da kankara. A arewacin batu na duniya tamu located in tsakiyar Arctic Ocean. Wannan yankin ne kuma aka sani da Arctic, kuma a Bugu da kari zuwa teku ruwa, shi ya hada da babban yankin na Rasha, Canada da kuma Amurka. Don Arctic ne ma kasashe irin su Iceland, Finland, Norway da kuma Sweden.

A talakawan shekara-shekara da zazzabi karatu

A arewacin batu na wannan duniya tamu ba coldest. A talakawan shekara-shekara da yawan zafin jiki a wannan yankin a cikin hunturu ne ^game -43, kuma a lokacin rani - aka sa a kusa da ⁰ ° Celsius.

A coldest wuri a duniya - da Kudu iyakacin duniya. A cikin hunturu, da talakawan zafin jiki siga ne daidai da 58 da darajõji a kasa sifili. A mafi zafi rana da aka rubuta shekaru shida da suka wuce, a shekarar 2011, tare da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio karatu sun kasance a kusa ^-12.

Don bayyana dalilin da ya sa Arewa iyakacin duniya shi ne colder, quite kawai. Gaskiyar cewa Antarctica - wata nahiyar da lẽƙãwa a kan teku matakin da fiye da 2 km. The iska talakawa ne mai sanyaya fiye da a da Arewa iyakacin duniya, da kuma cikin teku ruwa a kusa da nahiyar ba su iya zafi irin wannan babban ƙasa.

A Arctic yanayin zafi alleviated da Arctic Ocean, duk da haka kankara a cikin wadannan yankunan shi ne mafi dabara fiye da Kudu iyakacin duniya.

Cape Chelyuskin Cape kuma Fligely

A arewacin batu na Rasha - Cape Chelyuskin, wanda aka located a kan Taimyr Larabawa, yana da tsarawa 77 ^{daga cikin} 43 ^\ N

A 1742, a karo na farko cikin waɗannan wuraren suna ziyarci da balaguro, wanda shi ne shugaban da SI Chelyuskin. Asali an kira Cape Gabas-ta Arewa. Renaming ya faru a 1842. Dalilin wannan ya da wani gagarumin kwanan wata - 100 shekaru tunawa da balaguro. Cape aka mai suna a cikin girmamawa ga mai girma Rasha Arctic Explorer kuma navigator maniyyi Chelyuskin.

Yanayin damina a kan Taimyr Larabawa ne quite mai tsanani. All shekara zagaye, hunturu mulki a nan. Ko da a cikin mafi zafi watanni ana watan Yuli da Agusta, da zazzabi nuna alama ba ya tashi sama da matakin na 1 ^° C

Duk da haka, Cape Chelyuskin - wannan shi ne kawai cikin matsananci arewacin batu na babban yankin kasar Rasha. Akwai Rudolf Island, mallakar da Rasha Federation, wanda aka located kawai 900 km daga Arewa iyakacin duniya. Ya ma yi ikirarin zama arewacin batu na Rasha. Tsibirin ne wani ɓangare na tarin tsiburai na Frantsa Iosifa Land. An gaba daya mari da kankara, da wani yanki na 297 km ^2. A arewacin tip na tsibirin - Cape outbuilding yana da tsarawa 81 ^{daga cikin} 49 ^\ N

Mutanen da suka ci da Arewa iyakacin duniya

Tun farkon da XVIII karni arewacin aya na duniya, ya sa babban sha'awa tsakanin seafarers. Yana da aka a wannan lokaci da aka shirya da yawa expeditions da nufin nazarin Arctic. Na farko da mutum ya kai ga Arewa iyakacin duniya shi Robert Piri (American matafiyi). Yana da'awar da take da wani bincike daga Amurka - Frederik Kuk, amma Robert ne gaba daya karyata ya siffantawa.

A 1926, na farko jirgin da aka za'ayi. Matafiya daga Norwegian Amundsen da Nobile haye permafrost direzhable.

A watan Afrilu 1978, Japan ta Naomi Uemura jama'a, sanya guda tafiya zuwa Arewa iyakacin duniya. Ya buwãye 725 km, motsi da taimakon kare teams. The tafiya dade 57 days.

Ski balaguro karkashin jagorancin Dmitry Shparo, da aka gudanar a watan Mayu 1979 Ga 77 kwanaki, da mahalarta rinjãya a game da 1500 km.