A tarihin harshen: Rasha suka qirqiro da haruffa?

"Ta yaya za a fara Gida", a cikin kalmomi na haihuwa song da rai? Kuma shi ta fara da kananan: a soyayya ga harshe, tare da haruffa. Dukan mu daga yara saba wa wani irin haruffa a cikin haruffa na Rasha harshe. Kuma kamar yadda mai mulkin, da wuya tunani: a lõkacin da kuma a karkashin abin da yanayi a can rubutu, wani ya zo up tare da Rasha haruffa? Kuma duk da haka gaban da bayyanar da wasika - shi ne mai muhimmanci da kuma muhimman hakkokin milestone a cikin tarihi maturation na kowace al'umma a duniya, bayar da tasu gudunmuwar da ci gaban ta kasa da al'adu da kuma ainihi. Wasu lokatai ɓacewa cikin hazo da takamaiman sunayen da halittawa da rubuce-rubuce da wasu mutane. Amma a cikin Slavic mahallin da shi ba haka ba ne. Kuma waɗanda suka je sama tare da Rasha haruffa, da aka sani har yanzu. Bari mu, kuma za mu koyi game da wadannan mutane.

Mene ne haruffa?

The kalmar "haruffa" da aka samu daga na farko da biyu haruffa daga cikin Girkanci haruffa alpha da beta. An sani cewa zamanin d Helenawa sa mai yawa kokarin da ci gaba da kuma yada rubuce-rubuce da yawa a cikin kasashen Turai. Suka qirqiro na farko haruffa a duniya ta tarihi? Wannan ya za'ayi, masana kimiyya jayayya. Babban jarrabawa - "ABC" Sumerian, wanda ya auku a game da shekaru dubu biyar da suka wuce. Daya daga cikin tsofaffin da (sanin) dauke alphabets Sin da Masar. Writing tasowa daga zane ga ãyõyinMu, sunã mãsu cikin zana tsarin. A nuni ãyõyi zama sautuna.

Development of Writing a tarihin 'yan adam iya wuya a overestimated. A cikin harshen da mutane, rubuce-rubucen nuna rai, rai da kuma ilimi, tarihi da kuma mythological haruffa. Saboda haka, karanta da tsoho inscriptions, zamani masana kimiyya iya sake abin da ubanninmu suke zaune ba.

Tarihi na Rasha haruffa

Slavic rubuce-rubuce ne, daya zai ce, wani farɗan mai asalin. A tarihin da yawan jama'ar na game da wani shekara dubu, rike da yawa asĩri.

• A arna sau daga cikin Slavic mutane wanzu rubuce-rubucen ake magana a kai siffofin ko cuts. Notches da kuma sanduna da aka sanya a cikin itacen (musamman tags).
• Bayan tallafi na Vladimir Kiristanci (a gaskiya, wannan taron ya faru sau biyu: na farko - da Olga, a 957, na biyu - da Vladimir, 988) Rasha iya daina aikata ba tare da littattafan da aka bukata a bauta (hymnals da Zaune) . Duk da haka, da Girkanci malamai ba magana a Rasha. Tun zamanin] aular wajibi ne don aika coci ayyuka a cikin harshe da kuma fassara na Littafi Mai Tsarki da kuma sauran m shafukan.
• Canji bauta wa a cikin Slavonic kuma sa ran samuwan adabi, Slavic wallafe-wallafen harshen matsayin translation na allahntaka littattafai a cikin maras ɗa'a yau da kullum da harshen dã ba su kai ga m watsa daga cikin abun ciki.

Kirill na Mefody

Tare da wadannan sunayen halittar haruffa da aka hankali hade da tambaya da wanda ƙirƙira da Rasha haruffa. Bari mu koma zuwa IX karni. A wannan lokacin (830-906) Great Moravia (Czech yankin) ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan kasashen Turai. Kuma Rum ita ce cibiyar Kristanci. Moravian Prince Rostislav a 863 kira Mika'ilu da uku, da Byzantine sarki a lokacin, tare da bukatar rike addini da sabis a cikin Slavonic harshen karfafa rinjayar Byzantine Kiristanci a yankin. A waɗannan kwanaki, shi ne ya kamata a lura, da sadaukarwa tafi kawai a cikin harsuna da cewa an nuna a kan Yesu giciye, Hebrew, Latin kuma Helenanci.

Byzantine m, a mayar da martani ga gayyatar aika masa da Rostislav Moravian manufa hada biyu da sufaye, da 'yan'uwansa,' ya'yan mai daraja Greek, wanda ya rayu a cikin taron, (Thessaloniki). Michael (Methodius) da kuma Constantine (Cyril) kuma suna dauke hukuma halittawa daga cikin Slavic haruffa ga coci sabis. Ta suna girmama na Church of Cyril kuma ya karbi sunan "QFontDatabase". Constantine kansa ya matasa, fiye Michael, amma har ma da wa gane da hankali da kuma magabaci a cikin ilmi. Cyril san harsuna da yawa da kuma ƙware ma'adanin na oratory, kuma halarci addini fi'ili da rigingimu, ya mai ban mamaki Oganeza. Wannan, a cewar masana kimiyya da dama, a yarda da shi (tare da ɗan'uwansa, da sauran mataimakansa) to connect da kuma haduwa data, da samar da haruffa. Amma da tarihi na Rasha haruffa fara tun kafin Moravian manufa. Ga me ya sa.

Wanda ya zo da sama da Rasha haruffa (ABC)

Gaskiyar cewa masana tarihi sun gano wani ban sha'awa al'amari: kafin barin 'yan'uwansa sun halitta Slavic haruffa, yana da kyau saba da kawo murya Slavs. Yana da aka kira Glagolitic (aka reconstituted a kan tushen da Girkanci haruffa da abubuwa na 'yan Koftik kuma Yahudawa haruffa).

Glagolitic kuma QFontDatabase?

Masana kimiyya daga kasashe daban-daban, mafi yawansu gane cewa da farko Slavonic haruffa har yanzu Glagolitic haruffa, halitta Cyril har yanzu 863 a Rum. Ya gabatar da shi a cikin wani fairly gajeren lokaci. Kuma wasu ne daban-daban daga baya daya, da QFontDatabase haruffa da aka ƙirƙira a Bulgaria, kadan daga baya. Kuma har yanzu, akwai jayayya game da marubucin wannan, haƙĩƙa, da ginshiƙin da sabuwar dabara domin general Slavic tarihi. Bayan wani taƙaitaccen tarihin na Rasha haruffa (QFontDatabase), shi ne kamar haka: a karni na goma, shi ya ratsa zuwa Rasha daga Bulgaria, kuma shi ne gaba daya rubuta kam aka yi ne kawai a cikin XIV karni. A wani more zamani tsari - daga karshen na XVI karni.