Transnistria birni: Tiraspol, Bendery, Rybnitsa. Dnestr Harshen Maldavian Jamhuriyar

A duniya ta yau, a can ne ba haka ba 'yan shari'ã, ko partially gane jihohi. Daga cikin su shi ne, kuma Transnistria. Wannan kankanin kasar tare da wani bai tabbata matsayi, located in kudu-gabashin Turai. Wannan labarin zai taimake ka ka san abin da birane ciki Transnistria, kazalika da magana game da su da yawa ban sha'awa bayani.

Transnistria: wani gajeren tarihi na shari'ã jihar

Transnistria (hukumance Pridnestrovie, a rage tsawon fom - TMR) - kunkuntar tsiri na ƙasar tsakanin Dniester da Ukraine. De jure, wadannan yankuna kasance a cikin Jamhuriyar Moldova. Kuma a zahiri shine akwai wani kai-harkokin mulki, amma ba a gane ta kasa da kasa jamhuriyar, wanda ya ayyana samun 'yancin kai a shekarar 1990. Yau da halin da ake ciki tare da Transnistrian yankin ne classified a Turai siyasa al'umma a matsayin "daskararre rikici."

A fannin zamani Transnistria kankanin ko da idan aka kwatanta da wani dada Moldova (kawai a kan 4000 sq. Km). A cikin jamhuriyar gida game da 500,000 mutane (daga wannan lambar, game da 70% a cikin birane). A kabilanci tsarin da jama'ar aka mamaye mutane uku: cikin Moldovans, Ukrainians da kuma Rasha.

The Legacy da Soviet da tattalin arziki, da TMR ya samu a yawan manyan masana'antu Enterprises. Daga cikin su - da Harshen Maldavian GRES, metallurgical kuma yadi masana'antu, barasa factory. Manyan birane na Transnistria zuwa rayayye kasuwanci da Tarayyar Turai. Duk da haka, duk kayayyakin da ake kera a kasar, da aka alama Made a Moldova alama.

A ƙarshe na mu short labarin game da Pridnestrovie wasu ban sha'awa facts game da wannan yankin samuwar:

• PMR - kawai kasa a duniya, da flag da kuma gashi na makamai da suke nuna babban Soviet halayen (guduma, sickle da biyar-nuna star).
• Transnistria yana da ofisoshin jakadancin na biyu sauran shari'ã jamhuriyoyin - Abkhazia da kuma Kudancin Ossetia.
• birni Transdniestria bambanta neatness, tidiness da kuma m, wanda sau da yawa idan aka kwatanta da Belarus.
• a cikin Transnistrian birnin Bender mutu Ivan Mazepa, a nan a 1710, wani Ukrainian Hetman Filipp Orlik gabatar da jama'a na farko Turai kundin tsarin mulkin kasar.
• biyu mafi girma a biranen ƙasar (Bender da Tiraspol) ya haɗu da daya daga cikin 'yan a Turai intercity trolleybus reshe tsawon na 13 kilomita;
• Transnistria yana da ofisoshin na jam'iyyar siyasa "United Rasha".
• Transnistrian ruble a 2012-2015 aka gane a matsayin mafi robust kudin na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet.

A labarin na daya yaki

Rushewar Tarayyar Soviet tako har aware ƙungiyoyi da kuma tare da sabunta kuzari sparked yawan rikice-rikice a sassa daban daban na sararin daular. Daya daga cikin wadannan zafi spots ya hagu banki na Dniester.

A farkon shekarun 1990s ƙwarai dada tabarbare da rikici tsakanin sabuwar sanya ta {asar Moldova hukumomi da Transnistrian nomenklatura. Transnistrians ba ya so ya zama wani ɓangare na Moldova, sunã tsõron wani rapprochement tare da Romania.

Rigingimu shiga wani lokaci na bude soja adawa a cikin bazara na shekarar 1992. A watan Maris, Moldova yanke shawarar mayar da ikon ikonsa a kan m hagu banki na Dniester. Duk da haka, a gefe na Pridnestrovians suka kasance wani ɓangare na 14th Rasha Army, kazalika da masu gadi na Armed Forces of Ukraine. Saboda haka, kafa iko a kan Transdnestr Moldavians shi ya gaza, da kuma kogin Dniester sosai da sauri ya zama na gaba line.

A culmination na wannan yaki da aka yaƙi na birnin Bendery. A watan Yuli 1992, 'yan bindiga Pridnestrovians da goyan bayan Rasha tankuna haye Dniester da kunshe a cikin Bender. A kan titunan birnin fara wani real kisan kiyashin, wanda ya kashe mutane 600 rayuwarsu. Bayan wannan yaki, da jam'iyyun fara kama hanyoyi na zaman lafiya yarjejeniya da rikici, kuma a karshe ya sanya hannu a yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a Moscow.

A general, a cikin Transnistrian rikici hallaka kusan 1,200 mutane.

Transnistria birni

PMR administrative ƙasa ne zuwa kashi 5 gundumomi. A cikin shari'ã jihar, akwai 8 biranen (jera daga arewa zuwa kudu):

• Kamenka.
• Rybnitsa.
• Dubossary.
• Grigoriopol.
• babban birnin kasar Tiraspol.
• Bender.
• Slobozia.
• Dnestrovsk iyakar garin.

Transnistria ne ma a wata yawan jayayya yankuna da dual matsayi. Don wadanda hada da wasu kauyuka (Cosnita, Parata, Dorotcaia et al.), Gundumomi Varnitsa Bender da kuma shiri Korzhevo a Dubossary.

Kusan babban birnin - birnin Tiraspol

Transnistria, kazalika da duk wata ƙasa, na da babban birnin kasar. Wannan shi ne birnin Tiraspol. Ko da yake wani mutum da post-Soviet sarari ne mai wuya a kwatanta a babban birnin kasar tare da wani yawan 130 da mutane dubu. Duk da haka, "Capital" da aka ji. M lardin titunan Tiraspol bambanta wasu solidity, da kuma jin da "ruhu da iko" a cikin m jama'a gine-gine, ko da shari'ã.

A Tiraspol ne da gwamnati da kuma majalisar dokokin kasar PMR. Bugu da kari, birnin ne wani muhimmin tarihi da kuma cibiyar al'adu ba kawai Transnistria kuma cikin Moldova.

Daga cikin Greek sunan fassara Tiraspol ne mai sauqi qwarai da kuma bayyana - "birni a kan Dniester." Ya gaske ne ayi a kan hagu banki na most Eastern Turai kogin, kawai shida kilomita daga kan iyaka da Ukraine. A birnin da aka kafa a 1792. Sai a wannan lokaci domin a nan Suvorov fara gina wani sansanin soja. A 1806 Tiraspol zama gundumar cibiyar, a wani yanki na Kherson lardin, da kuma tsakanin biyu a duniya yaƙe-yaƙe, da kuma yana da lokaci zuwa ziyarci cibiyar na da Harshen Maldavian ASSR.

Modern Tiraspol quite m. Its cibiyar so m, neatness, m sidewalks, m flower gadaje da kuma wani babban yawan m (Soviet) kayayyakin gargajiya.

Tourist jan hankali a babban birnin kasar na TMR bit. Don wadanda sun hada da tsohon castle (marigayi XVIII karni), da Cathedral of Nativity Almasihu (2000), m kuma pompous Majalisar House, gina a cikin 50s. Bugu da kari, yawon bude ido da son ziyarta a Tiraspol, wani zamani wasanni hadaddun "Sheriff", wanda ya mamaye sararin yanki na 65 kadada.

Bender - da yawon shakatawa a Transnistria

Very 'yan birane za su iya alfahari da Transnistria m ziyara na yawon bude ido daga kusa da nesa kasashen waje. Bender - daya daga cikin wadanda. Idan matafiya da kuma yanke shawara don zuwa PMR, a cikin wannan birni da suka kira a zama dole.

City Bender - biyu a size da kuma jama'ar na jamhuriyar. Kuma na farko a yawan tarihi da kuma gine-gine da Monuments. A cikin tsakiyar birnin zai iya ganin yawa kyau gine-gine XIX-XX ƙarni. Amma babban yawon shakatawa janye a Bender ne daɗaɗɗe da kyau-tsare Turkish sansanin soja. Af, na kagara har yanzu riko da wani inganci soja naúrar.

Tare da gargajiya gine-gine Monuments a Bendery mai yawa "Monuments" a shekara ta 1992 yakin. Alal misali, addabi da shrapnel ganuwar City Hall yanke shawarar ba su mayar. Traces of yaki za a iya gani a yau a kan ta facades.

Ribnita - masana'antu cibiyar na Transnistria

A arewa, da shari'ã kasa, kewaye da picturesque tuddai Podolsk Upland birni yada Ribnita. Transnistria da iko masana'antu hadaddun ne sun fi mayar saboda daidai wannan birni. Ribnita samar game da rabi daga cikin kudaden shiga a cikin kasafin kudin na TMR, kazalika da game da 60% na Belarus 'fitarwa. Akwai fiye da 400 daban-daban kamfanoni.

A cikin sharuddan yawon shakatawa birnin ne ba ma m. Na gida jan hankali - a manyan sikelin-Nasara Memorial Cathedral Arhangela Mihaila (mafi girma a TMR), kazalika da kyau kwarai (a tarihi darajar) hurumi. Wani haskaka Ribnita za a iya ambata watsi cableway (m), yadda ya kamata shawagi a kan Dniester.

Kamenka - makõma lu'u-lu'u na Transnistria

Idan suna da yawon shakatawa Makka na Jamhuriyar rightfully nasa ne Bender, da "wasanni babban birnin kasar" da shari'ã, jihar za ta iya amince a kira birnin, birnin Kamenka. Transnistria iya gaske fariya da kyawawan mai kyau mafaka, wanda aka sani tun da 1870s. City Kamenka aka located a cikin matsananci arewa na PMR, a mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Dniester kogin na wannan sunan. Ga kafa musamman yanayin damina: stony, kusan kunya Safe Harbor birni daga sanyi iskõki, samar da Transnistrian makõma dogon lokacin bazaar, kuma fairly m winters.

A Kamenka gida kawai 9,000 mutane. Kafuwar gida tattalin arzikin - shi ne na gona da makõma wurare. Birnin yana da mafi shahara a kasar sanatorium "Dniester", tsara don lokaci daya dawo daga 450 mutane. Kuma Kamenka sanannen domin ta m da kuma dadi inabi kuma, sabili da haka, mãdalla da ruwan inabi.

Dnestrovsk - makamashi zuciya na jamhuriyar

Dnestrovsk birni dake a cikin matsananci kudu na PMR, a kusa da kusanci ga Ukrainian iyaka. A nan ne mafi girma ikon shuka a kasar. A wutar lantarki generated a nan, ko da aka fitar dashi (zuwa Moldova da Ukraine).

Da hatsari, Harshen Maldavian GRES a shekarar 1964 aka gina shi a kan hagu gāɓar kogi. Idan wannan ya faru ba, da tattalin arziki da 'yancin kai na ya balle jamhuriyar zai zama yanzu a babban tambaya. Yau, birnin gida game da 10 da mutane dubu. A babban ɓangare na Dniester yawan aiki a gida ikon shuka.