Gaskiya a cikin wallafe-wallafe da siffofinsa

Gaskiya a cikin wallafe-wallafe shi ne shugabanci wanda babban fasali shine mai nuna gaskiyar gaskiyar da kuma siffofinsa na musamman ba tare da fassarar da ƙeta ba. Wannan wallafe-wallafen Trend ya tashi a cikin XIX karni, da kuma mabiya karfi da nagartaccen siffofin shayari kuma amfani a daban-daban ayyukan m Concepts.

shugabanci ãyõyi

Gaskiya a cikin wallafe-wallafe na karni na 19 za'a iya bambanta akan alamun bayyanannu. Babban abu ne mai nuna hoto na ainihi a cikin hotunan da aka saba da shi ga mutumin da yake tare da shi, wanda yake haɗuwa a kai a kai cikin rayuwa ta ainihi. Gaskiyar a cikin ayyuka ana daukarta a matsayin hanyar cognition daga mutum na duniya da keɓaɓɓun duniya da kansa, kuma hoton kowane nau'in halayen rubutu yana aiki a cikin hanyar da mai karatu zai iya gane kansa, dangi, abokin aiki ko kuma sananne.

A cikin litattafan tarihi da litattafai na masu gwagwarmaya, fasaha yana ci gaba da rayuwa, koda kuwa fasalin yana cikin mummunar rikici. Wani alamar irin wannan nau'in shine marmarin marubuta don la'akari da abin da ke kewaye da shi a cikin ci gabanta, kowanne marubucin da ke ƙoƙari ya gano fitowar sabuwar dangantaka, zamantakewa da zamantakewa.

Hanyoyin wannan wallafe-wallafen

Gaskiya a cikin wallafe-wallafen, wanda ya maye gurbin romanticism, yana da alamun fasaha neman gaskiya da gano shi, yana neman canza gaskiya.

Literary haruffa a cikin ayyukansu na mai neman na hakika marubuta sanya gano bayan dogon tunaninsu da mafarkai, bayan da bincike na da kayadadden ji na duniya. Wannan fasalin, wadda za'a iya bambanta ta hanyar tunanin marubucin lokaci, ya ƙayyade fasalin fasali na wallafe-wallafen wallafe-wallafen farkon karni na ashirin daga 'yan gargajiya na Rasha.

Gaskiya a cikin   XIX karni

Wadannan wakilan na ainihi a wallafe-wallafe kamar Balzac da Stendhal, Thackeray da Dickens, Sand Sand da Victor Hugo, a cikin ayyukansu sun nuna ma'anar kyaututtuka da mugunta, yayin da suke guje wa ra'ayoyin da aka bazu da kuma nuna rayuwar rayayyu na zamani. Wadannan mawallafa sun bayyana wa masu karatu cewa mummunan abu ne na rayuwa na bourgeois al'umma, gaskiyar jari-hujja, dogara ga mutane akan abubuwa daban-daban. Alal misali, a cikin littafin Dickens Dombey da Son, maigidan kamfanin ba shi da kishin zuciya kuma ba ya da wata ma'ana. Hakanan irin hali ne ya bayyana saboda yawan kudaden da mai sha'awar kuɗi, wanda babban rabo na rayuwa yake amfani.

Gaskiya a cikin wallafe-wallafe ba ta da haushi da baƙar magana, kuma hotunan haruffan ba su da mahimmanci na marubucin kansa kuma ba sa da mafarkinsa. Daga cikin ayyuka na karni na XIX, jaririn ya ɓace, a cikin kamannin abin da marubucin ya gani. Wannan lamarin yana da mahimmanci a cikin ayyukan Gogol da Chekhov.

Duk da haka, ana bayyane mafi kyau a cikin ayyukan Tolstoy da Dostoevsky, suna kwatanta duniya kamar yadda suke gani. Wannan aka bayyana a cikin nau'i na haruffa da su karfi da kasawan, ta kwatanta shafi tunanin mutum da azabar da wallafe-wallafen heroes, tunatarwata masu karatu game da matsananci gaskiya, to canza cewa mutum daya ne zai yiwu ba.

A matsayinka na mulkin, hakikani a wallafe-wallafen ya shafi rinjaye na wakilcin Rasha, kamar yadda za'a iya hukunci daga ayyukan AI Goncharov. Saboda haka, haruffa a cikin ayyukansa suna saba wa juna. Oblomov ne m, kuma m mutum, amma saboda ya passivity, ya ba su iya canza rayuwar ga mafi alhẽri. Irin wadannan halaye suna da wani hali a cikin wallafe-wallafe na Rasha - wanda ba shi da karfi, amma Boris Raisky ya kyauta. Goncharov gudanar ya halicci siffar wani "anti-hero" hali na XIX karni, wanda aka lura da masu sukar. A sakamakon haka, manufar "Oblomovism" ya bayyana, yana nufin dukkanin haruffan haruffan, manyan fasalulluka sune laziness da rashin so.