Garin Yoshkar-Ola: yawan jama'a, gundumomi, tattalin arziki

Yoshkar-Ola - babban birnin da Mari ta Tsakiya. Wani abu mai ban mamaki ga wani mutumin Rasha wanda ya karɓa daga harshen Mari kuma an fassara ta a matsayin "birin ja".

Bayani game da birnin

A yankin gabashin Rasha shi ne karamin lardin Mari El. Babban birninsa shine birnin Yoshkar-Ola.

Yawancin Yoshkar-Ola ya fara ne a 1584, lokacin da Tsar Feodor Ioannovich ya kafa shi tare da manufar ƙirƙirar kariya a kan Kogin Kokshaga. Sunansa na asali shine Tsarevokokshaisk, yana da karfi har 1919.

Daga 1919 zuwa 1927, an sake shirya birni cikin Krasnokokshaisk, sannan daga bisani zuwa Yoshkar-Ola yanzu.

Tun lokacin da aka kafa garin Yoshkar-Ola, ya girma, ci gaba da ingantawa. Duk da haka, ba zai iya yin alfahari da yawan mazauna mazauna ba. Jama'ar Yoshkar-Ola basu wuce mutane 2000 ba a ƙarshen karni na 19.

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, lokacin da aka busa birane da dama a garuruwan Rasha, an lalata ta, Mariyar ta kasance mai lafiya daga gaba. Wannan ya shafi gaskiyar cewa an tura manyan kamfanonin masana'antu da dama a babban birnin kasar. A cikin shekarun baya, ba a canja su ba, kuma wannan ya shafi cigaba da ci gaba na birnin kuma, sakamakon haka, yawan karuwar yawan jama'a.

Ci gaba na ci gaban birni ya fara ne kawai a farkon karni na 21, lokacin da shugaban Jamhuriyar Mari El ya tabbatar da fara ginawa da sake gina wuraren tarihi, al'adu da kuma nishadi. Kuma salon da aka yi amfani da shi ya bambanta, wanda kowa zai iya gani.

Rayuwa a Yoshkar-Ola

Har zuwa karshen karni na 19, yawan mutanen Yoshkar-Ola basu wuce mutane 2000 ba. An yi tsalle-tsalle a yawancin jama'a a lokacin da aka fara, lokacin da garin ya ci gaba da bunkasa masana'antu, kuma, saboda haka, mutane sun fara yin garkuwa da su a cikin masana'antu.

Bisa ga kididdigar kididdigar rukuni na Rasha, a shekara ta 2016, yawan mutane 265,044 suka zauna Yoshkar-Ola. Domin da yankin 110 km ² ne mai matukar kyau nuna alama.

Ta hanyar yawan mutanen da suke zaune a Rasha, Yoshkar-Ola ya yi aiki a 74th. Yawan yawa - 2594 km ^2. A matsayin yawan nau'ikan jinsi a cikin birnin, 45% na maza da 55% na mata suna rayuwa. Jama'a birane 57,3% (yawan yawan mazaunan garin na gari), 36% shine yawan yawan mutanen Yoshkar-Ola.

Alamar alama ta gari ita ce yawan ƙimar mace.

Dabbobi daban-daban

Amma ga kabilun kabilanci na birnin, yana da mutane 96. Yawanci a cikin yankin ƙasar Rasha - 68%. Sa'an nan kuma bi 'yan asalin Mari - 24%. Matsayi na uku shi ne mutanen Tatar suna shagaltar da su - 4.3%. Bugu da ƙari, babban nau'in kasa, yawan mutanen garin Yoshkar-Ola sun samo asali ne daga:

• Kayan shafawa;
• Ukrainians;
• Azerbaijan;
• Armeniya;
• Uzbeks;
• Belarussian;
• Udmurts;
• Georgians;
• Jamus da sauran mutane.

Yankunan Yoshkar-Ola

Binciken ci gaban yankin Yoshkar-Ola a kan taswirar, za ku ga cewa a tsawon shekaru, 20 kauyuka da makiyaya da ke kusa da su sun shiga babban birnin Mari El.

Gundumar gari, banda Yoshkar-Ola, mazaunin kauyuka ne ke zaune: ƙauyen Apshakbeliak, ƙauyen Semenovka, kauyukan Ignatievo, Nolka, Danilovo, Savino, da Shoia-Kuznetsovo, ƙauyen Akshubino, ƙauyen Yakimovo, ƙauyen Kelmakovo.

Ana rarraba wadannan kananan maƙalai a cikin birane: Beryozovo, Alenkino, Bolshoi, Bolnichniy, Vostochny, Chigashevo, Dubki, Leninsky, Molodyozhny, Mirny, Nagorny, Myshino, Nikitkino, Orshansky, Oktyabrsky, Pribrezhny, Predzavodskaya, Sverdlova , Remzavod, Soviet, Arewa, Wasanni, Szombathely, Central.

Ƙaddamar da birnin zuwa gundumomi ya fara ne a karni na 20. A cikin 70s, Yoshkar-Ola a taswira kuma a gaskiya an raba shi zuwa yankuna biyu: Zavodskoy da Leninsky, wanda a cikin abin da suke da shi yana da wuraren zama, da yankunan karkara.

Gundumar ta gari ta ƙunshi: rukunin kauyen Sidorovsky na gundumar Medvedevsky, Kokshaisky (kauyen Kokshaysk da majalisa na kauyuka, wanda aka soke).

Gundumar Leninsky ta ƙunshi Soviets na kauye da yawa: Kuyarsky, Solnechny, Kundyshsky da Semenovsky.

Shakatawa

Yoshkar-Ola zai zama wuri mai ban sha'awa don ziyarci yawon shakatawa. A cikin birni akwai wurare masu ban sha'awa da basu san ba kawai ga mazauna gida ba, har ma ga masu yawon bude ido.

"Yoshkin cat"

Sassaka "Yoshkin cat." Wannan janyo hankalin matasa ya bayyana a cikin gari a shekarar 2011. An sadaukar da shi ne ga halin tarihin Rashanci.

An kafa hoton a babban gini na Jami'ar Mari. An yi shi a matsayin hanyar benci, wanda Yoshkin cat yana zaune. An shigar da kayan ado na nishaɗi na birnin a matsayin shugaban kasar.

An jefa katsi daga tagulla kuma yana kimanin kilo 150. Mawallafinsa sune Yoshkar-Olinsky masu hotunan.

Tsuntsaye na Bruges

Ɗaya daga cikin tituna mafi kyau na Yoshkar-Ola shine Quay na Bruges. An samo wannan wuri mai ban sha'awa na birnin a kan bankin na lardin Kokshaga. An rubuta wannan "nau'in na Belgium" bisa ga gine-ginen Belgian na birnin Bruges. Gwaninta na kayan ado na gida yana da ɗakunan gidaje a ko'ina cikin titi tare da rufin launi, windows na daban-daban, tubes da turrets.

An bude taron Quay na Bruges a shekarar 2010.

Abin da za a gani?

A Quay yana wurin Yoshkar-Ola Registry Office, wanda ba kawai wuri ne na aure na mazauna mazauna ba, amma har ma da kyakkyawan tsari da kuma birni na gari, wanda aka gina a cikin Gothic style.

Babbar bude gidan Ginin ya faru a shekarar 2012.

Ba tare da sunaye ba, akwai wani girman kai na gida - abin tunawa da Prince Rainier 3 da Grace Kelly. Wannan hoton shi ne nauyin haɗin kai na matrimon.

A cikin babban birnin Mari, akwai kyawawan gine-gine mai ban mamaki da ɓata ga bangaskiyar addini - lokaci na "manzanni 12". Suna nuna ba kawai lokacin Yoshkar-Ola ba, har ma da wasan kwaikwayo. Kowace rana, daga karfe 9 na safe zuwa karfe 9 na yamma, tare da tsawon lokaci na 3, na minti 8 a wannan agogon nan an kunna ainihin wasan: ana buɗe ƙofofi a kan tashar, kuma daga cikinsu yana nuna jerin manzannin da Yesu ya jagoranci. Rubutun Yahuza ya rufe, yana riƙe da jakar da ma'aikatan azurfa 30. Girman kowane sifa yana da mita 1.5, an yi su da tagulla.

A kan Yoshkar-Yogakar Yakin Yarinya na sarki - Akwai wata hanya mai ban sha'awa - marubucin tunawa ga Bitrus da Fevronia.

Tsarevo-Koksha Kremlin yana cikin tsakiyar birnin. Ba wai kawai wurin da ake son Yoshkar-Olintsev da kuma yawon bude ido ba, har ma wani wuri ne don lokuta masu ban sha'awa na ranar 9 ga Mayu, abubuwan nune-nunen da kuma bikin. A farkon karni na 20 an kira wurin nan kasuwa na kasuwa. Ginin na Kremlin gine-gine sun hada da: wani bango na brick tare da 4 hasumiyoyi, haikali da ɗakin Kremlin na ciki.

Daya daga cikin sabbin abubuwa na Yoshkar-Ola shine rubutun "Y".

A shekara ta 2007, a gefen gari, ko kuma a tsakiyarta, haɗin gine-ginen ya bayyana - Hasumiyar Gida, wanda girman girmansa ya kai 55 mita. Abu na farko da ya jawo hankali idan kallon hasumiya shi ne karami na Kremlin chimes.

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na saurayi. An kafa wannan cibiyar al'adu, wanda aka tsara don saurayi, a 1991. Ya yi wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayon cikin harsuna biyu: Rasha da Mari.

Industry na birnin

Kamfanonin Yoshkar-Ola sune manyan kamfanoni masu masana'antu, wadanda suke da muhimmanci ga kasar da kuma kasar. Suna damu da ginin masana'antu, masana'antu da kuma samar da kayan gini.

Daga masu ba da kayan ginin masana'antu suna samar da motoci da farar hula.

Baya ga manyan masana'antu, wasu tsire-tsire masu masana'antu suna aiki a Yoshkar-Ola don samar da kayayyaki masu inganci:

1. Pharmaceuticals da suke shiga cikin samar da magunguna bitamin.
2. Kamfanonin abinci. Yoshkar-Ola samar da nama da kayan gwangwani.
3. Yoshkar-Ola katako. Aikin ya wanzu tun 1944. A halin yanzu, ana tsoma baki wajen aiwatar da kayan aiki fiye da 60: iri daban-daban na waffles, kowane nau'i mai santsi, madara mai iris, marmalade m.
4. Ma'aikata "Elf". Kamfanin yana cikin ƙyamaren ƙofofi, ƙusoshi na zane, dakunan abinci, tebur, katako da sauran kayan aiki.
5. Kwayar tsire-tsire OKTB "Crystal". An kafa masana'antun masana'antu a 1970.
6. Rawanin man fetur Mariysky refinery. Ginin ya fara ne a shekarar 1998. Ana samar da nau'o'in man fetur daban-daban a cikin ganuwarta.
7. Ginin takalma (YOOOF). Kamfanin kamfanin yana da irin takalma.
8. Gidan gyare-gyare don samar da huluna. An yi aiki tun shekara ta 2006 kuma a halin yanzu yana samar da hatsi iri iri na 140 don dukkanin 'yan ƙasa.

Kammalawa

Yoshkar-Ola yi aikin aiki na ba kawai babban birnin na Jamhuriyar Mari El, amma ta babban cibiyar. Yana mayar da hankali ga tsarin tattalin arziki na babban ginin, babban mahimmanci na tarihin tarihi da na zamani. Birnin yana da matukar sha'awa ga masu yawon shakatawa na Rasha da na kasashen waje. Lokaci a Yoshkar-Ola ba zai wuce ba.