"Demon" Vrubel - m halittar zamanin. Demon theme a cikin ayyukan Mihaila Vrubelya

Duk yadda bakin ciki a ce, amma da yawa maza da baiwa a lokacin da yake rayuwa da aka ba gõdadde. za mu iya gama daga cikin littattafan tarihi, cewa da aka quite m kuma da ɗan daji. Saboda haka, da yawa daga gine-ginen, artists, da masana falsafa da kuma marubuta sun misali ga 'yan kasa da kunya. Wasu daga cikin su an kashe su, wasu da aka azabtar, kuma wasu sun bace gaba ɗaya. Duk da haka, bayan mutuwar su, duk ya canja da cika fuska. Kuma da "datti", kamar yadda suka kira mutane na aikin talented mutane, a yau ake magana a kai a matsayin gaskiya fitacciyar, wanda ya zama alama ko wanda ba za su iya maimaita. Works suna ganin darajarsa, inspirational, da kuma wani lokacin kawai ba zai iya dauka da idanunsa daga irin wannan kamalar.

Mikhail Vrubel - artist na goma sha tara da kuma ashirin ƙarni

5 (17) a cikin Maris 1856, a cikin jami'in da iyali da aka haife kadan Mikhail Vrubel. A cikin 'yan shekarun da shi ya zama shahara a Rasha Empire, da kuma a cikin daban-daban nau'o'i na art. A talented mutumin ya nuna kyakkyawan sakamako a graphics, zanen, na ado sassaka da kuma wasan kwaikwayo. Shi ne mai Multi-faceted mutum wanda ya taba ya ginu ne a kan ta laurels. Ya bã duniya unmatched murals, ado bangarori, m zane-zane da kuma littafin da misalai. Vrubel dauke da wani hadadden mutum da wani artist. Duk da yake ba kowa da kowa zai iya warware jigon ya zane-zane, ko kuma fahimta da ma'anar da masu lankwasa da ya sculptures.

Tun suna yara, Michael son zana da kuma ji dadin m shimfidar wuri kewaye. Lokacin da yake da shekaru goma sha takwas da haihuwa, mahaifinsa ya yanke shawarar cewa saurayi ya shigar da dokar baiwa na St. Petersburg University. Duk da yake Michael shi gaba daya sha'aninsu dabam to wannan kimiyya da tafi makaranta kawai saboda daga nufin Vrubel, wani babban jami'in. Ya kasance m na falsafar Kant, ya halarci wasanni, fadowa cikin soyayya da wasan kwaikwayo actresses jayayya game art da kullum kusantar. Duk da cewa ya faru a gare shi, nan da nan ya bayyana a kan zane.

A rayuwa na babban artist

Vrubel ta kerawa ne sau da yawa dangantaka da 1880. A wannan lokacin, Michael karatu a mallaka Academy of Arts, kuma Ya halitta farko Masterpieces. Duk malaman gani jagoranci da kuma kyau matasa mutum a kan sauran almajiransa. A farko watercolors, wanda ci gaba Academy, ya zama "Piruyuschuyu Romawa" da "Presentation a cikin Haikalin Ubangiji." Yana da yake a mafi girma ilimi kasance bayyane canje-canje a cikin saurayi. Daga m, m yaro ya kasance mai talented da kuma karfi mutum. zane-zane MA Vrubel haka captivated furofesoshi, kuma baƙi daga cikin Academy, cewa bayan wani lokaci da farfesa Prakhov gayyace Michael zuwa Kiev. Ya gayyace shi zuwa aiki a kan sabuntawa na St. Cyril ta Church. Wrobel, bi da bi, sun amince da fara fenti gumaka. Ya halitta irinta murals, depicting Virgin kuma Child, Cyril, kuma Athanasius Almasihu.

Bugu da kari, wani babban artist sanya almara yi nufi ga maido da babban coci. A karshen, Michael yi aiki a Kiev for game da shekaru biyar da ya zama yawa hikima, wuya da kuma ci gaba da basira na gaba lokaci na aiki. Bayan 1889 da artist canza aikinsa, wanda shi ne kawai wani hoto, wanda aka sau da yawa popularly kira a matsayin "The Demon Vrubel".

Bugu da ari aiki a filin na art

Game da shekaru uku mai girma artist yin zane-zane da kuma sana'o'i. Wannan zamani ne ake kira Abramtsevo. A takaice bayyana aikin Mihaila Vrubelya yiwu ga wadannan nasarori: su Project Santa facade daga gidan da aka gina da sassaka "Mask na zaki."

Duk da haka dai, domin da yawa zanen - wannan shi ne babban yanki a wanda ya yi aiki Mikhail Vrubel. Ya zane-zane da zurfi ma'ana da cewa kowa da kowa ya fassara su daban. A talented artist taba biya wani da hankali ga ikon yinsa, da kuma dokoki, da ya halitta, kuma kai wani gaske kyau kwarai da sakamakon. Michael a cikin matasa shekaru riga amince danƙa babbar ayyukan, kamar yadda abokan ciniki da amincewa a cikin marmari da kuma azumi kisa.

Vrubel yi aiki tare da mafi kyau Masters su craft da kuma gine-ginen, a tsakanin wanda tsaye daga Fedor Shekhtel. Tare, suka yi waje da almara qasaita savvy Morozova. Ya kamata a lura cewa Michael kuma halarci nune-nunen, ya halarci zane na yi da daya ko da ya tafi a kan yawon shakatawa da nagartattu na Rasha zaman kansa opera Mamontov.

Mikhail Vrubel kaunace ayyukan Lermontov, kazalika cikin ruhaniya duniya da kuma rayuwar da ya tsafi. Ya yi kokarin koyi da shi da kuma wani lokacin don bayyana motsin zuciyarmu, taivshiesya a ransa a kan zane zane-zane na ta yarda da juna,. Mihail Aleksandrovich wani karfi da hali da kuma kokarin ba kowane daga cikin aikin da bala'i, tsirar. Wannan hoto na "Demon" Vrubel nasarar hadawa da halaye na romanticism, melancholy da shubuha. Mutane da yawa art masoya kokarin bayyana abin da yake wannan image, Mene ne ma'anar shi daukawa, da kuma cewa shi ya so ya ba marubucin wadannan shanyewar jiki.

"Demon" zanen

"Demon" Vrubel - hoton da wannan bala'i, wanda har yanzu musanta mugunta. A gist na shi ne cewa mai daraja mutum tsaye ga gefen kyau, amma ba zai iya yin wani abu tare da sojojin na duhu. Tir da har yanzu ya lashe, shi jan da m da kuma kulawa da su don m, tir dalilai. A nan, da yawa marubuta zana wani layi daya tsakanin Lermontov da Vrubel. A farko aljan - wannan ba mahaliccin mugunta, amma kawai ga 'ya'yansa, da kuma Mihail Aleksandrovich Masani ne. Ya yi ƙoƙari ya nuna bambanci launuka a kan zane, domin duk wanda ya gan hoton nan da nan tare da wassu sharudda gane inda da mugunta, da kuma inda mai kyau. Rungumar, za mu lura cewa "Demon" Vrubel - shi ne ba kõme ba sai da wani gwagwarmaya tsakanin biyu sojojin: Haske da duhu. Hakika, kowa da kowa ya yanke shawarar cewa iko, da kuma wasu jayayya da cewa marubucin ni'ima sojojin na duhu.

Lura cewa gwarzo ne kuma ba baka tsoro, rasa mutum. Shĩ ne da karfi, iko, m, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru za su yi da wani zabi. A gwarzo dole kalla abin da ke faruwa. Daga wannan ya zama m (nuna matsayi a wadda ta zaune, - hugging cinyoyinta). The mutum ba ya so ya zama a wannan wuri, amma ba ya da wani zabi, kuma ya gani kamar yadda akwai mai aljan. Vrubel, ka ce, musamman fentin wani hoto a kan kunkuntar zane. Saboda haka ya subconsciously bai ba yawa sarari to mugunta, cewa shi ne, aljanin a hankali, kuma daga wannan shi ne ya fi tsoratarwa. Hakika, ikonsa da aka hõre, matsa. Wannan za a iya gani a cikin adadi a kan tsokoki, da hali da kuma gyara man fuska magana da gwarzo. Ya gaji, tikis, raunanar ... Amma har yanzu Vrubel yin shi mu manufa cikakken mutum.

A jigon "Demon" a cikin ayyukan Vrubel

A mãkirci, wanda aka fentin Vrubel ( "zaune Demon"), ya gaya labarin da gajiya da gazawan. Duk da haka, marubucin rãyar hoto na lu'ulu'u da cewa ƙyalƙyali a cikin garb na gwarzo a blue da kuma blue launuka. Zaka kuma iya ganin ban mamaki wuri mai faɗi da cewa wasu na iya ze m, amma shi ke da kyau na da shi. Overall, hoton "Demon" Vrubel cika da zinariya, da ja, da shunayya, da blue sautunan cewa ba shi da wani mabanbanta look a daban-daban lighting yanayi. The aiki na Mikhail Aleksandrovich fili ya jaddada muhimmancin da kuma kyau na protagonist. Demon, ko ban tsoro, mai iko, amma har yanzu dubi kyau.

Abu mafi muhimmanci, saboda haka yin magana, jigon da zanen ta'allaka ne a hankali. Kuma shi ne wannan: aljan - wata alama ce da hadaddun, azzãlumai, a cikin real duniya da aka rugujewa da kuma ja da baya a matsayin mosaic. Shi ne da tsoron da mutane na yau da gobe, wanda ba zai iya samun wata hanya a rayuwa, inda a can ne da mummũnan aiki da ƙiyayya. Description zane-zane Wrubel "Demon" za a iya samu a daban-daban kafofin da darajar da image za a bi da matsayin daban-daban. Amma mafi masu bincike yi imani da cewa marubucin ya so ya kai bakin ciki, tashin hankali, wanda aka lauye da baƙin ciki kuma ciki, damuwa ga bil'adama da kuma ci gaba ta zama. Irin wannan shi ne jigo na artist ta zane-zane, a cikin wancan shugabanci, sai ya yi aiki na karshe shekaru na kerawa. Zai yiwu, saboda haka, Vrubel zanen da aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi wuya, wasu har, m, amma adalci da kuma m. Ya zane-zane da aka dũkan a cikin zurfin da asali. wani m saje da launuka da kuma bango.

A tarihin na "Demon" zane-zane

A zanen, wanda aka rubuta ta hanyar Vrubel ( "zaune Demon"), da aka kafa a 1891. Aiki bayyana bayan Mihail Aleksandrovich Lermontov karatu a daki-daki, ga aiki. Wasu daga cikin ayyukansa, kuma ya kusantar da ban mamaki hotuna, daya daga gare su, kuma da aljanin ya nuna. A zane da aka halitta a 1890 da kuma daidai da 12 months aikin da aka kammala. Kawai a 1917 da zanen shiga gidan kayan gargajiya. Bayan wani lokaci sai ta fara jawo hankalin da hankali, da kuma a yau an dauki wani fitacciyar. Kuma haka ne, wahayi zuwa gare ta Lermontov ta waka zo zuwa ga haske zanen "The Demon". Bugu da kari, Vrubel ma rubuta ayyukan al'ajibi masu yawa game da wannan block. Mene ne abin mamaki shi ne cewa bambanci a da rubutu - shekara tara. Ba wanda ya san abin da ya sa aka farfado da aikin, amma zanen "zaune Demon" ya ba da karshe. Yana da aka bi ta sabon aiki. A 1899, daidai da shekaru tara, an gabatar da daya fiye da fitacciyar cewa halitta Vrubel - "Demon tashi."

Wannan aiki ya sa da dama motsin zuciyarmu a cikin mutane. A zanen da aka kammala wannan master, wanda inganta ta zane tsarin. An kuma nuna babban harafin, amma tare da fuka-fuki. Saboda haka, marubucin so kai da cewa progressively rai tsarkakakke kama da wani sharri, da mugayen ruhohi. The aljan ne wanda aka nuna a kan zane sarari yake, amma a lokaci guda Heart. Ya yi ƙoƙari ya cinye gwarzo, wanda ya riga ya fara da umuruinsa. Thread lokaci mai tsawo don inganta ga halittarsu ba, ne kullum tinkering da wasu daga cikin siffofin da juna. Yana da muhimmanci cewa Vrubel fahimta daidai wanda da aljan. An yi imani da cewa shaidan - wani horned, wayo dabba, iya tafarkin wani mutum zuwa ga sãshensa. Amma aljanin - da cewa shi ne samar da makamashi da za a iya kama da rai. Shi ne baki, wanda ya la'anci mutumin da madawwami gwagwarmaya da cewa bai kawo karshen ko dai a Sama ko a duniya. Yana da wannan kuma son kai ga jama'a Vrubel. "Demon tashi" - wani mummunan hali, wanda ya sa ya wuya ga mutane don nuna iradar kuma zauna a kan mai kyau gefen, cewa shi ne, ya zama gaskiya, gaskiya, da tsabta hankali da kuma zuciya.

aljan ƙasƙantattu

Daga cikin rare jerin ayyukan kishin Lermontov ta waka, kuma tsaye fitar da zanen "Demon ƙasƙantattu". Vrubel gama da shi a cikin 1902, da kuma ta karshe a cikin batun. A aikin da aka yi a man a kan zane. A baya mawallafin ya dauki tsaunuka, wanda aka nuna a cikin mulufi faɗuwar rana. A da shi ba za ka iya ganin cramped adadi aljan kamar raini da tsakanin frame bim. Kada kafin ya da artist yi aiki a kan zane-zane da haka passionately kuma da irin wannan kamu da wani ra'ayi. Demon ƙasƙantattu - ne embodiment na mugunta da kuma kyakkyawa a lokaci guda. Duk da yake aiki a kan movie, Mihail Aleksandrovich kuka da kansa da kansa. Ya yi kokarin nuna da ba zai yiwu ba, ya nema ya nuna wasan kwaikwayo da kuma rikici na zama. Vrubel ta fuska da fuska a aikin da aka kullum canja, kamar yadda idan ya ga sabon da wani ɓaɓɓake daga cikin film, da kuma rasa rikita batun a cikin kwakwalwarsa. Wani lokaci artist iya ko kuka a kan yanar gizo, sosai ya ji shi. Mene ne abin mamaki shi ne cewa Lermontov rubuta shida versions na waka da kuma tunanin cewa babu wani daga cikinsu za a iya daukarsa a matsayin cikakken. Ya aka neman abin da ya ba, sai ya nemi da ya isar wa mai karatu abin da bai sani ba har sai karshen. Around guda abu ya faru to Vrubel. Ya so ya zana wani abu da cewa yana da wani ra'ayin, da kuma kowane lokaci, bayan kammala zanen, da artist samu rashin daidaito da kuma kokarin gyara su.

A gaskiya ma, cikin siffar mugunta ne sau da yawa a samu a cikin ayyukansu, wanda ya gabatar da duniya to Vrubel. Description hoto "Demon ƙasƙantattu" tafasa saukar da gaskiyar cewa a karshen protagonist lashe mugayen ruhohi. A wasu kalmomin, kowa da kowa zai iya yi yãƙi dõmin kansu, kuma kullum aiki a kansu, da inganta da basirarsu, masu tasowa, da kuma enriching ciki duniya. Kamar wancan Mihail Aleksandrovich ya ba da ra'ayi game da aljan, kuma dukan mugunta a duniya: shi ne zai yiwu ya lashe, kuma ko da suna da zuwa yãƙi da shi!

Zanen "Demon ƙasƙantattu" Vrubel fentin a wani musamman style: tare da crystal fuskoki, lebur shanyewar jiki da cewa an kashe tare da wani palette wuka.

babban artist ta cuta

Abin baƙin ciki, "Demon" Vrubel bai kawo wani abu mai kyau zuwa ga artist. Ya aka haka warai imbued tare da shi, da tausaya wa dukan mutane a cikin ƙasa, da tunani game da rayuwa da kuma sauran falsafa abubuwa da cewa sannu a hankali ya fara da za a rasa a gaskiya. A hoto na karshe, Vrubel - "Demon ƙasƙantattu" (karshe na jerin rubuta for Lermontov ta waka) - ya kasance a Moscow gallery, kuma ya kasance a shirye domin show. Kowace safiya, da artist zo da baya da kuma gyara da cikakken bayani game da aikinsu. Wasu yi imani da cewa shi ne mai alama ta wanda ya zama shahararren Mikhail Vrubel: ya zane-zane da aka tunanin fitar da karami daki-daki, don haka sun kasance m.

A lokacin da rubuce-rubuce na marubucin da kewaye more kuma mafi tabbata shi da wani shafi tunanin mutum da cuta. A kadan daga baya, da ganewar asali da aka tabbatar. Vrubel aka dauka zuwa wani asibitin masu tabin hankali da kuma tabbatar da iyalinsa cewa ya ne a Jihar manic tashin hankali. Data game da tabarbarewar kiwon lafiya da aka tabbatar. Mihail Aleksandrovich da zarar ya bayyana cewa, ya kasance da Kristi, sa'an nan ya yi iƙirarin zama Pushkin. wani lokacin ji muryoyin. A sakamakon binciken, an gano cewa, cikin juyayi tsarin ya karye artist.

Vrubel fadi rashin lafiya a 1902. A sakamakon, ya kamu da manyan syphilis. Author yi girman sosai garibi a wadannan shekaru. Da farko, samun cutar, ya aka aiko zuwa asibitin Svava-Mogilevicha sa'an nan hawa zuwa Serb asibiti daga baya aika zuwa Usoltsev. Me ya sa wannan magana? Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da magani bai taimaka Vrubel, a akasin haka, da yanayin tsananta, kuma ya zama haka m cewa shi kawai kiyaye hudu jinya. Bayan shekaru uku, da canje-canje a hanya mai kayu bai faru ba, cutar worsened. A wannan lokacin, da artist ta gani rincabewa hanzari, kuma ya kusan ba zai iya rubuta, wanda shi ne daidai da yanki na hannu ko ƙafa. Duk da haka, Mihail Aleksandrovich ya iya kammala wani hoto Bryusov, sa'an nan gaba makafi. A cikin asibitin na Dr. Bari artist ciyar karshe shekaru ransa. Ya mutu a talented fenta, wuce yarda da hankali, gaskiya da kuma adalci mutumin a cikin 1910.

Topics Creativity Vrubel

A gaskiya, da artist rubuta wa real-lokaci hoto. Vrubel wanda aka nuna motsi, da rikici, da asiri da kuma shirun. Bugu da kari ga aikin dangantaka da waka Lermontov ta "The Demon", da artist gabatar da duniya da sauran Masterpieces na art. Wadannan sun hada da zane "alƙarya da Ophelia," "Girl a kan bango na Persian Carpet", "sa'a-teller", "Hercules", "Mikula Selyaninovich", "Prince Guidon da kuma The Swan Princess", kazalika da yawa wasu. A cikin wadannan ayyuka, za ka iya ganin alatu, soyayya, mutuwa, da baƙin ciki, da kuma perishability. Mutane da yawa zane-zane da artist kashe a Rasha batutuwa, daga abin da ya fi rare "The Swan Princess", rubuta a 1900. Har ila yau, wani m aiki dauke irin ayyukan da suna "The Angel da faranti da Candle", "By Night", "Pan" kuma da yawa hotuna na shahararrun mutane.

Ko ta wani hanya, dukan mutane za a tuna da fitacciyar cewa sanya Mikhail Vrubel - "Demon", kazalika da block alamu hade da waka na Rasha marubuci, depicting ji, motsin zuciyarmu da kuma irin abubuwan da na kowa mutum, wanda garwaya da mugunta da kuma cin amana, ƙiyayya da hassada. Kuma, ba shakka, a cikin jerin wadannan ayyuka suna nuna wasu hotunan.

Wrobel da aljannunsa

Famous da talented Vrubel ziyarci Muse, wanda ya sa shi rubuta da zane "The Demon", sa'ad da yake a Moscow. Ba kawai waka Lermontov zama tushen halittar Masterpieces, amma kuma yanayi: meanness, da kishi, wulãkanci mutane. A da kyau aboki na Mikhail Alexandrovich - Savva Mamontov - yarda da artist zuwa zauna lokacin da ya studio. Ka lura da cewa shi ne a cikin girmamawa wannan haske da kuma kwazo da mutum Vrubel kirawo Ɗana.

A can farko, Mihail Aleksandrovich bai sani ba daidai da yadda za a nuna da aljan, kuma daidaici da wanda a cikin sunan wani. A hoto a cikin ransa ya m da ake bukata tsaftacewa, don haka wata rana sai ya zauna kawai da fara gwaji, kullum canja ko daidaitawa ga halittarsu. Bisa ga artist, aljanin ya rungumi wahala da baƙin ciki, mutumin. Amma duk da haka ya yi tunani shi majestic da kuma iko. Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, domin aljan Vrubel ya ba da shaidan, ko kuma shaidan, ya kasance da wata dabba daga juyawan mutum rai.

Bayan an yi nazarin aikin Lermontov da Blok, Vrubel kawai gamsu da gaskiyar daga cikin tunani. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa Mihail Aleksandrovich reworked image na aljan kowace rana. A wasu kwanaki ya fentin da majestic, iko da kuma iya karawa. A wasu lokuta sanya shi mai tsanani, m, m. Wannan shi ne, wani lokacin marubucin ganin darajarsa da kuma wani lokacin ƙi. Amma kowane hoto a cikin nau'i na aljan akwai wasu bakin ciki, shi ne na musamman da kyakkyawa. Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa shi ne saboda ya ƙagagge haruffa Vrubel da zarar ya zo hankali. Ya fili wakilta su da imbued tare da dũkiyõyinsu da cewa sannu a hankali aka rasa kansa. Lalle ne, kafin artist ya ɗauki wani biyu aiki - "Demon tashi" - ya ji mai girma da kuma kyautata masa zane basira. Ya zane-zane sun kasance yin ishãra, mai son sha'awa, musamman.

A lokacin da na uku hoto ne cikakken - "Demon ƙasƙantattu" - Mikhail Alexandrovich daban-daban ji shere. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa shi ne farkon wanda ya karya ban a kan images of mugayen ruhohi a kan zane. Wannan saboda duk artists wanda fentin da aljannu, ya mutu nan da nan. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa data haruffa da aka dakatar. Duk mutane sun gaskata cewa "wasa da wuta", a wannan yanayin da shaidan, ka iya ba. Wannan ne evidenced da dama da alaqa events. Mutane da yawa jayayya da cewa shi ne saboda wani take hakkin wannan haramta sojojin na duhu azabtar Vrubel, tauye shi na dalilin. Amma, shi ne a gaskiya ma, ya rage wani asiri. Kuma kowane mutum zai iya haifar da nasu hangen nesan na m baiwa na zane-zane da haruffa, wajen samar da nasu ra'ayi game da su. Abu daya ne bayyananne: batutuwa zaba Vrubel, ko da yaushe halin yanzu. Bayan duk, shi ya kasance kullum da za a yi adawa tsakanin nagarta da mugunta, haske da duhu, kyau da kuma girma, da daukaka da kuma duniya.