Tretyakov Gallery: dakunan da su description

Tretyakov Gallery - daya daga cikin shahararrun gidajen tarihi a Rasha da kuma a duniya. An m nuni maida hankali ne akan lokaci daga goma sha ɗaya karni wa yau. Yana da wuya a kwatanta cewa Tretyakov Gallery, wanda dakunan sun zama tunani na Rasha art daga zamanin da zuwa yau, ya fara tare da mai zaman kansa tarin.

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House a Lavrushinsky Lane Tretyakov samu a 1851. The shugaban iyali, Pavel, ya mai nasara kasuwa, amma shi ya kasance wani shahararren shuni, zuba jari, a da yawa sadaka shirye-shirye. Ya kasance wani m haraji, tattara zane-zane, sculptures, gumaka da sauran kayan zane.

Yana da duniya burin - don ƙirƙirar kasa gallery, kuma ba kawai a gidan kayan gargajiya. A farkon na tarin ne goma hotuna fentin da Dutch Masters. Da farko, da Tretyakov Gallery, inda dakunan sun bude kawai 'yan uwa da kuma baƙi, da ke cikin gidan, inda Tretyakov rayu. Amma tarin sauri girma, da kuma wuraren don nuna bai isa ba. Lokacin da mai rai samar yawa sake fasalin kudin. Kuma a lokacin da Pavle Mihayloviche mazauna birni da damar ziyarci wani al'adu ma'aikata kamar Tretyakov Gallery. Rooms kumbura, kuma nuni ya girma kullum. A cikin gidan kayan gargajiya ta shahararsa shi ne gaskiya cewa da farko shekaru hudu da baƙi fiye da 30 da mutane dubu.

Shekaru 40 bayan da gaskiyar, kamar yadda aka farkon na tarin, Pavel Tretyakov ya ba da shi a matsayin kyauta Moscow. A taron da aka complemented ayyukan art adana a karo na biyu da ɗan'uwana, Sergei. Saboda haka akwai a Moscow "Gallery na Pavel kuma Sergei Tretyakov." Wani sanannun shuni Morozov mika Masterpieces da Renoir, Van Gogh, Monet. Duk da canja wurin da birnin, duka biyu majiɓinci, ya ci gaba da cika tarin. Bayan rasuwar Tretyakov dukan gidan Lavrushinsky titi a kan ta gari.

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A 1913, wani wakĩli da kuma darektan na gallery aka nada I. E. Grabar. Ya kasance ba kawai a talented artist, m kuma art tarihi, amma kuma da Oganeza. Wannan ya ciyar da wani babban aiki na systematizing tarin. Ya rarraba masana'anta na tarihi lokaci, don haka da cewa baƙi ya samu damar gano ci gaban Rasha art. A lokacin da aka kafa, da sabuntawa bitar. A ƙarshen shekara da aikin rataye a cikin zauren na Tretyakov Gallery, sun samuwa ga dubawa da jama'a.

Bayan juyin juya hali, da dukan taron da aka nationalized da kuma mika wa matasa jamhuriyar. Yana da aka kafa "Jihar Tretyakov Gallery", wanda wuraren da aka sanya samuwa ga kowane sako na al'ummar jihar. The tarin ya girma muhimmanci saboda da tarayya, tare da wasu gidajen tarihi da kuma masu zaman kansu tarin na canja wuri, wanda aka nationalized a lokacin Soviet zamanin.

A lokacin yakin da gidan kayan gargajiya collections aka koma zuwa Novosibirsk. The Nazis bamai damƙar babban birnin kasar. Biyu high-fashewar bam a 1941 so kai tsaye zuwa Tretyakov Gallery, haddasa gagarumin lalacewa. Amma a shekara, ya fara sabuntawa na gidan kayan gargajiya, da kuma a shekarar 1944 da gallery kofa fi so mazaunan babban birnin sake bude ga jama'a.

dakunan na Tretyakov Gallery

Tun lokacin da aka kafa kungiyar, da gallery gini da aka kerata sau da yawa. Akwai sabon mulki, da kuma ƙarin sarari cewa ya bayyana a matsayin mai tarin a duk da daukaka. A ranar, da lãbãri ne dake a cikin 106 da dakuna. Mai aka located in wani gini a Lavrushinsky Lane, inda suka 62. A hadaddun kuma ya hada da wani gidan kayan gargajiya-coci na St .. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, bita-gidan kayan gargajiya Golubkina, Vasnetsov House-Museum da gidan-gidan kayan gargajiya na Corina. Kowane dakin a cikin Tretyakov Gallery - shi ne wata damar taba art, ganin m Masterpieces. The tarin ƙunshi kan 150 dubu farfado, mafi yawan abin da suke saba wa kowa da kowa ne tun suna yara. Mutane da yawa reproductions na zane-zane kunshe a makaranta litattafan ko'ina cikin kasar. A wadannan hotuna ba za ka iya koyi Rasha. Bayan duk mun yi a cikin teku, kamar yadda a cikin zane-zane ta hanyar Aivazovsky, gandun daji - kamar Shishkin, yanayin yadda Levitan. Ko mafi hoto na Pushkin, da aka sani zuwa ga kowane] an makaranta, ya sa shi a nan.

iconography zauren

A kowane kusurwa na Tretyakov Gallery yana da zane-zane, breathtaking. Amma watakila daya daga cikin mafi m dakunan - a zauren iconography. Lokacin aika Pavel tarin tare da zane-zane da kuma ba da 62 icons daga tarin. Yanzu a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya akwai da dama da ɗari. Kowace daga cikinsu wakiltar hanyar Orthodoxy a Rasha ƙasar. Daga cikin su akwai ayyuka da Rublev, Theophanes da Greek da sauran shahara painters. Kuma daya daga cikin mafi girmama da kuma zamanin da hotuna a kan nuni a gida coci na Tretyakov Gallery - da Vladimir Uwar Allah. Ta yana da fiye da 900 shekaru.

Exposure zuwa Lavrushinsky Lane

A gini a Lavrushinsky Lane, sanannen Vasnetsov facade, babban mayar da hankali na tarin. The 62 dakuna, zuwa kashi 7 zones, a shekara-shekara domin, farfado ayyuka da mafi kyau artists na Rasha da kuma ba kawai. Ta yaya mai girma da kuma bambanta da Tretyakov Gallery. Description daga cikin dakunan zai ɗauki wasu kundin na buga edition. Za a kan tafiya, shi ne mafi alhẽri zabi wani musamman artist ko zane, wanda ya kebe mafi yawan lokaci. In ba haka ba, saba da galleries zai zama sosai na waje da kuma bai cika ba. Sunayen da dakunan na Tretyakov Gallery dace fallasa a su collections.

Saboda haka, tsoho Rasha art aka wakilta a iconography.

Kuma a cikin dakunan da XVIII-XIX ƙarni suna nuna zane-zane na girma Masters Levitsky, Rokotoff Ivanova, Bryullov. Domin nuna zanen Ivanov "bayyanar Almasihu zuwa ga mutane" musamman dakin da aka gina. Kuma yana ruri shahara hotuna daga cikin mafi girma yawan unknowns. Yana da muhimmanci su kama da kai a kan zane fasali da kuma hali na mutum, amma ya ba dole ba ne da ya zama sananne. Daga cikin ayyukan Bryullov a lura masterful aikin yi "The Rider", inda wata yarinya da ban mamaki alherin zaune astride mai girma ingarma.

Har ila yau yana kama da hankalin da zauren, inda ayyukan artists na biyu da rabi na XIX karni. Inda za ka iya nutsad da kanka a cikin sihiri duniya na idon basira art, inda kowane daki-daki ne hukuncin kisa tare da taka rawar fayyace. A cikin hotunan Repin jiki ji kamar ya zafi rana a kan Lawn kamar yadda kowane ganye sways a cikin iska. A "Three heroes" Vasnetsov kamar yau kare iyakokin kasar daga uninvited invaders. Af, a nan za ka iya ganin kuma aiki Vasnetsov Bush.

Surikov ta zanen "Boyar Morozova" ko "Morning na Strelets Kisa" iyar da wani tunanin tsanani da kowane ɗan takara a wadannan al'amura. Akwai wani sha'aninsu dabam mutum ko m hali. All rubuta tare da yaƙĩni, shi ne mai ban mamaki.

A nuna zanen da XIX-XX ƙarni, ta gabatar da aikin wannan baiwa a matsayin Serov, Vrubel, kazalika da wakilan kungiyar Rasha Artists.

Taskõkin Rasha Art

Manyan kuma bambancin Tretyakov Gallery. Majami'un, zane-zane, sculptures, graphics ba zai bar kowa sha'aninsu dabam. A raba kashi na nuni ne da "Baitul", de nuna abubuwa da aka yi da mai daraja karafa da kuma duwatsu masu daraja. Fine jewelers aiki m.

graphics

A raba dakin da aka sadaukar domin hoto art. Duk ayyukan da ya gabatar a wannan dabara, yana da matukar jin tsoro da haske, yana da m halittun. Saboda haka, domin ya nuna su shigar musamman lighting, dan kadan muffled. Ga nuna most tarin Rasha graphics. Kuma a kananan amma ba kasa m tarin dada dako.

zamani art

A gini a kan Krymsky Val, game da da Tretyakov Gallery, buga art daga Soviet lokaci zuwa yau. Masu ziyara suna kallon tare da amfani a matsayin akidar musababin da artist.

Masters Hall

The tarin yana da guda aiki, kuma akwai dukan tarin na zane-zane na master. A dakin kishin artist a Tretyakov Gallery, ya ƙunshi kawai ayyukan daban-daban lokaci. Irin wannan yavlyatsya nuni da ayyuka da Shishkin. Amma sauran Masters na goga sun samu irin wannan girmamawa.

Tun lokacin da aka bude, da Tretyakov Gallery ya zama mai arziki tarin zane-zane da kuma art abubuwa. Ko da Rasha gidan kayan gargajiya, kafa a jihar matakin, rasa a shahararsa wannan musamman taron.