Dan jarida kuma marubuci Tom Vulf: biography, kerawa da kuma ban sha'awa facts

A cikin mutane, nĩsantarwa daga yanzu wallafe-wallafe, da tambaya na iya tashi: Wane ne Tom Woolf?. Amma ci-gaba masu karatu sun dade da kyau sane da experimenter ta litattafan da aikin jarida, godiya ga m litattafan da kuma wadanda ba almarar littattafai. Kamar yadda daya samun hanyar da marubuci?

Family da kuma ƙananan yara,

Tom Vulf aka haife kan Maris 2, 1931 a Richmond, Virginia. The mahaifin na gaba marubuci ya gwani a fagen aikin noma. Ya jagoranci binciken, rubuta kimiyya da kuma rare articles a mujallu. Mahaifiyata wata dalibar likitanci. Bayan haihuwar danta, ta bar makaranta.

Tom ta yarantaka ya quite hali na United States: makaranta, aiki wasanni. Sai dai idan na karanta yaron fiye da takwarorina. Wannan yara m da sadaukarwa - yana so ya zama wani marubuci kawai. Tuni a cikin shekara 9 ya sa na farko ƙoƙari na rubuta tarihin rayuwar Napoleon. Sa'an nan haifar da wani littafi da nasu misalai na rayuwa na Mozart. Duk da yake karatu a Episcopal School. St. Christopher, ya zama editan wata jarida. Ko a farkon shekara ya fara wasa da kwallon kafa. A tsawon lokaci, da Guy za su yi girma har zuwa Semi-League.

samuwar

Bayan makarantar sakandare, Tom Wolfe ke Washington, kuma Lee University a Lexington. A lokacin da ya nazarin ya yi aiki Shenandoah edition na mujallar. Bayan kammala karatu daga jami'a, Wolfe da aka karatu a Jami'ar Yale, inda ya samu digiri na uku a "American Nazarin". A topic na dissertation - "The kwaminis gwagwarmaya tsakanin Amirka marubuta a 1927 42 da shekaru." Ya quite polemical kuma ko da hatsari. Kuma shi ya nuna yadda Wolfe a shirye domin aikin jaridar sana'a. Bayan kare shi ya sanya da dama bada shawarwari domin ci gaba da ilimi aiki, amma ya tuna da mafarkin. Ilminsa daya kadai da ya fi wajabta mataki a kan hanya zuwa ga makõma. Ya ko da yaushe ya so ya zama dan jarida, kuma ya kasance a gare su.

A farko matakai a aikin jarida

Da farko kwarewa a sana'a da aikin jarida, Tom Wolfe ya aikata a dalibi shekaru. A shekarar 1956, ya fara aiki a cikin jaridar The Republican. Bayan samun digiri, ya yarda da tayin daga wata jarida a Jihar Massachusetts - Springfield Union, inda ya yi aiki na shekaru uku. Bayan haka, sai aka kira shi a cikin "Washington Post." Sa'an nan, ya yi ta farko da gagarumin nasara. A cikin wannan takarda, ya rubuta 315 kayan, wanda honed da kuma kafa ya shahara baya "Baroque" style of rubuce-rubuce.

A sa'an nan sai ya fara gwaji da harshen da abinci da kayayyakin. Da sabon salon da aka gina a kan karo na hamayya da juna. Ga wani bayyani na neman sauyi events a Cuba Wolfe aka bayar da Kungiya na Press Madaba'oi. Abokan aiki lura domin walwala da annashuwa a cikin rubuce-rubuce da kayan, kazalika da nasara gwaji tare da hada almarar dabaru a aikin jaridar texts. Wolfe ta biographer, Dzheyms Rouzen, ta bayyana style - "wa'adin aikin jarida", cike da maganganu da biting zamantakewa sharhin. Wadannan alamu zama saba iri wakilinmu.

Rayuwa a New York

A shekarar 1962, Tom Vulf koma New York a bisa gayyatar da jaridar New York Herald Tribune. A nan sai ya mayar da hankali a kan babban trends a cikin al'umma. Man farincikin binciko "rayuwa style" alummar Amurka, da imani da cewa shi ne ta hanyar da suka fahimta da kuma iya shiga cikin tarihi da kuma duk Sanadin yau events. Hanzari gwamnatin aiki farawa jarida da aka kusan katse wani shafe tsawon yajin na jaridar ma'aikata. Amma da edita a shugaban Esquire magazine - Byron Doubell - samu a hanyar fita daga wannan halin da ake ciki. Ya aika Tom yi wani jerin articles game da al'adun motoci tilasta daga California. Saboda haka, bayyana ne kwatsam bestseller Wolf cewa sanya shi shahara.

"New Jarida"

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu yi kokarin fahimtar abin da yake Tom Vulf. Biography, littattafai, da sake dubawa, sammaci na matani taimaka masu sauraro samu wannan ban sha'awa mutum. Ya kalamai ne gaskiya krydatymi phrases. Sun shiga cikin jawabin na matasan {asar Amirka kamar yadda talla taken. Wolfe kansa yayin da yin babban aiki na Esquire mujallar edita, ya haka sha'awar cewa ya rubuta wani jerin rahotanni maimakon ba da umarnin a littafin. Ba tare da sanin abin da ya yi tare da wannan a voluminous rubutu, shi kawai ya aika da shi zuwa Byron Doubellu. Duk karanta littattafai, sai na fahimci cewa shi zai zama bashi da kyau a juya shi a cikin wani misali jaridar rubutu. Kuma shi ya sa shi a jerin hakkin mallaka labarai cewa an sanya shi a cikin da dama da dakuna na mujallar. Wasu daga cikin kayan da aka buga a cikin "New York megazine" kuma da dama wasu mujallolin.

Daga baya, waɗannan matani a cika fitar a cikin wani nau'i na littafin da gaske take: "Kandy-Kolored Tanjarin-flake streamline Baby." A littafin shi ne progenitor na wani sabon irin adabi, wanda da masu bincike kira "sabon aikin jarida". Yana da aka tattara almara da kuma kwatancin hali na zamani American rayuwa. Ta heroes ne taurarin show kasuwanci, wasanni, fashion masana'antu, kazalika da miliyoyi, danne su, hippies da punks. Wannan zaman jama'a yanki na kyale 'yan jarida don ganin rayuwa na kasar a duk da bambancin da saba wa juna. Domin a watan da littafin gudu 4 overprint edition - nasarar da aka haka laifin. Shi ne mai real jagora zuwa zamani America. Tom Vulf samu hanyar da style of aikin jarida. Kuma a sa'an nan, haƙĩƙa koma a cikin wannan shugabanci. A 1973, Wolfe da takwarorinsa wallafa a manifesto da "sabon aikin jarida", wanda rubũta da manyan ka'idodi na zamani kafofin watsa labarai.

wallafe-wallafen al'adunmu

Tom Wolfe, a takaice biography wanda za a iya bayyana a cikin kalmomi biyu - "wani marubuci kuma wakilinmu for" ko da yaushe ya nema ya haifar ba kawai aikin jaridar abu, wato m da kuma shirin ayyukansu. A sami wata alkuki a cikin na musamman da hanya, ya rubuta cikin shahararrun littafin game da halin yanzu zamanin: "The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test." Its manufarsa shine don nazarin da bayanin irin sabon abu na daba marubuci Ken Kesey. Amma a karshen, shi ya juya a cikin wani sabon abu bincike na zamani al'adu da al'ummar {asar Amirka. Domin tattara da zama dole abu, da labaru ciyar wata guda cur a cikin ƙungiya daga "Merry Pranksters" suka aikata "fadada sani" da psychotropic kwayoyi. Ya kuma tattara da yawa da karin kayan a cikin nau'i na hotuna, hirarraki, audio da bidiyo rikodin. A shekarar 1968, littafin da aka buga. Ta nan da nan ya zama mafi kyau-sayarwa jerin. Daga baya, Cibiyar Aikin Jarida a New York University, ya gabatar da littafin a cikin jerin "A da ɗari na mafi kyau ayyukan US aikin jarida for 20 karni".

Duk da shekaru na ta wakilinmu, wani mutum ko da yaushe a asirce mafarkin na rubuta wani labari. Kuma a shekarar 1987, duniya koya game da sabon Tom Wolfe - marubuci. Ya saki labari "The bonfire na gumakansu", wanda ya gaya wa gaskiya rai na New York. A littafin ne sau da yawa ake kira mafi kyau aiki na wani dan jarida da kuma wani marubuci mai suna Tom Vulf. mawallafin littafi, rubuta daga baya, sau da yawa maimaita nasarar da Littafinsa, na farko, da har ma fi shi, amma wannan sakamako su daina samar. A lokacin da ya m tsawon rai, Tom Vulf rubuta hudu litattafan, bakwai-rubuce littattafai da biyar tarin na makala. Kuma a yau, duk da ya ci-gaba shekaru, marubucin ya ci gaba da aiki a kan na huɗu kayan zane. Kuma, mai yiwuwa, zai fadada da bibliography.

karrama

Domin ya yi shekaru da dama aikin Woolf akai-akai samu daban-daban lambobin yabo. A cikin kaya - mindar na National Littafi Foundation, ya halarci babbar Jefferson laccoci da kuma yalwa da kyaututtuka. Ciki har da lambar yabo na Kungiya na Bugawa Award na National Institute of Arts da Al'adu, Don Passos Prize da kuma "Ambasada".

Tom Vulf da cinema

Littafi marubuci haka rare cewa Hollywood iya ba watsi da su zuwa ga hankali. All uku ayyukan da aka sa a kan allo: da muqala "The Last American Hero" (1973) edition na "Dama Stuff" (1983). The labari "The bonfire na gumakansu" da kuma jira ya zama jiki a kan allo - ga halittar fim dauki wani sanannen fim darektan Brian De Palma. Starring a cikin movie buga da taurari, kamar Tom Hanks, Melanie Griffith da Bryus Uillis. Scripts duk da kaset da aka rubuta Wolfe. Yanzu biyu mafi zane-zane dangane da ayyukan Tom sa a cikin samarwa.

Personal rai

Da 'yar jarida, wanda ayyukan su ne ko da yaushe a wurin, kokarin boye bayanai na sirri rayuwa. Duk da haka, an san cewa a 1978 sai ya auri art darektan daga cikin shahararrun mujallar Harper ta Magazine Sheila Berger. The biyu 'ya'ya biyu. Yau, ma'auratan Wolfe ci gaba da rayuwa a New York. Wife ko da yaushe san cewa mijinta yana cikin bukata na kula da goyon baya. Yana ya kasance kullum ya dogara raya.

Ban sha'awa facts na biography

Marubuci Tom Wolfe daga cikin matasa ja hankalin da dama eccentric ayyuka. Saboda haka, a sãfiya da aikin jaridar aiki, ya ko da yaushe bayyana a cikin jama'a, a wani farin kwat da wando. A tsawon lokaci, shi kuwa ya zama real alamar kasuwanci. Shi ke ba kawai ya soki domin ganin cewa ya "ya sata" liyafar daga Mark Twain, amma ya kawai ya fashe da dariya a gare shi. Af, Tom Wolfe kira cikin shahararrun Amurka marubuci. Bugu da kari, shi yana daga cikin goma mafi kyau-biya marubuta na America.