Car shaye tsarin: da na'ura, da aiki da ka'ida, gyara

A hawa yi amfani da yawa tsarin - sanyaya ruwa, da man fetur, man allura tsarin da sauransu. Amma 'yan mutane biya da hankali ga shaye. Amma wannan shi ne babu kasa muhimmin bangaren da wani abin hawa. A tsawon shekaru da zane na tsarin da aka inganta. Game da cewa, abin da yake a cikin shaye tsarin da mota da kuma yadda yake aiki, za mu yi magana a cikin na yau labarin.

ganawa

Kamar yadda aka sani, a cikin engine lokacin da walai daga cikin cakuda ya auku. Wannan ne tare da wani halayyar sauti na mai wuta. Tare da fashewa kafa babban makamashi pusher. Yana da haka mai girma cewa yana iya tada fistan a cikin sama matattu batu. A karshe sake zagayowar na gas saki ya auku. Suna located a matsa yanayi. Amma me ya sa muke bukatar wani shaye tsarin? Yana hidima ga damping sauti vibrations. Bayan duk, dã ya kasance m da kuma wuce ba tare da aikin ko mafi technologically nagartaccen engine.

Saboda haka, shaye tsarin aikin da wadannan ayyuka:

• The fitarwa daga engine konewa kayayyakin.
• Rage da kima.
• Wariya na konewa kayayyakin shigar da abin hawa ciki.

na'urar

Wannan tsarin integrates wani yawan aka gyara. Bugu da ƙari kuma, shi ne kai tsaye alaka da lokaci aiki. Saboda haka, classic Vaz shaye tsarin kunshi:

• Karbar tube.
• Kara kuzari.
• Resonator.
• Zanen wuya.
• Daban-daban fastening da sealing abubuwa.
• Oxygen haska.

Idan muka yi la'akari da dizal motoci, da zane kuma za ta zama wani dizal particulate tace. Mene ne ne da duk wadannan abubuwa? A naúrar na kowane tattauna a kasa.

Front bututu

Wannan shi ne na farko kashi a cikin jerin kuma shi ne kawai bayan da shaye da yawa. A shaye bututu bai yi ba tukuna sanyaya gas. Saboda haka, da zazzabi za a iya isa 600 ko fiye da digiri Celsius. A na kowa shaye bututu da ake kira "wando" domin ta halayyar siffar. Wannan kashi da aka yi da sosai m da kuma harshen-resistant karfe. Ya yawanci m (rusts da shekaru), amma a kan mafi tsada mota da aka yi da bakin karfe. Idan wani engine tare da manyan girma na konewa jam'iyya, da tsarin zane za a iya amfani da dama irin wannan bututu. Wannan ne yake aikata don rage gas juriya. In ba haka ba, da mota zai "shaƙa" da kansa gas.

rami

Shi ne a cikin nau'i na cylindrical gwangwani. Yana auku a cikin resonator farko shaye tsaga. Har ila yau, ta kara diamita rage shaye gudu daga motsi. Gas aka hankali tarwatsa a cikin wannan jam'iyya. Wannan ba wani vibration damping da kuma sauti part. Kamar "wando", da resonator da aka yi da wuta-resistant karfe.

kara kuzari

Wannan watakila mafi hadaddun da tsada bangaren a kowane shaye tsarin. Da gidaje na wannan kashi ne kuma Ya sanya daga wuta-resistant karfe. Duk da haka, a bambanci ga resonator da ci bututu, shi multilayered. Ciki da wannan "bankuna" da yumbu sanda. Bugu da ƙari, mai kara kuzari da aka sanye take da waya raga. Yana maida hankali ne akan biyu memba na yumbu abu. Bugu da kari, da na'urar yana da wani zafi rufi Layer tare da biyu katangu. Me kara kuzari haka tsada? Bugu da kari a tukwane, an yi amfani da tsada kayan - palladium ko platinum. Wadannan aka gyara an tuba zuwa hydrogen cutarwa gas da kuma lafiya biyu. A ra'ayi na m kudin da wani sabon Converter ne 40 dubu rubles.

particulate tace

Idan muka yi la'akari da tsari na shaye tsarin na dizal engine, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa kashi. Shi ne a cikin Bugu da kari ga catalytic Converter. Da tace dogara ne a kan wani matrix sanya na silicon carbide. Yana yana da wani salon salula tsarin da kuma yana da kananan giciye sashe tashoshi. Recent rufe alternately da daya da sauran. A kaikaice ɓangare na kashi da kuma irin rawa da tace yana da wani porous tsarin.

Har kwanan nan, da matrix cell lokaci da wani square siffar. Yanzu masana'antun amfani 8-carbon Kwayoyin. Saboda haka shi ya sa mafi riko da toka ya magance shi a kan ganuwar da tace. Ta yaya wannan kashi? Diesel particulate tace aiki a dama, saukarwa. A farko tacewa toka ya auku. Gas shigar da cell, da kuma abubuwa masu cutarwa aka ajiye a kan bangon. A mataki na biyu - shi ne shakatawa. Yana iya zama:

• M.
• Active.

A farkon yanayin, da cutarwa gas suna tsabtace ta wucewa ta cikin yumbu kashi. Na biyu in ji wani na musamman ruwa - AdBlue. Yawanci, irin wannan tsarin da ake amfani a manyan motoci. Yana ba ka damar rage shaye watsi da kashi 90 cikin dari. The inji yana da wani raba tank ga ruwa, da kuma tsarin bayan rasit na shi daidai sigina na AdBlue injects cikin kara kuzari. Saboda haka, tube kofofi daga shaye ne ma m, dauke da m zuwa hydrogen yanayi.

Lambda firikwensin

Haka kuma an kira wani oxygen haska. Saka a kusa da mai kara kuzari a cikin threaded hadin gwiwa. Shin a gabansa kashi wanda yake a lamba tare da shaye gas. Na'urar haska Target - ƙayyade gas zafin jiki da kuma gaban oxygen. A kan tushen da karanta bayanan kula naúrar aika wata sigina da ci da yawa. Idan dole, ƙarin man fetur ne allura Silinda rabo. Abin da yake yi? Gaskiyar cewa mai kara kuzari ne fara aiki ne kawai idan high zafin jiki (ba kasa da 600 digiri). Idan gas ne colder, babu tacewa da kuma canji ba zai faru. Saboda haka, tsarin ƙara da cewa mafi man fetur sanda haka da cewa mai kara kuzari zafin jiki ne a cikin aiki kewayo. A man fetur amfani, wannan tsarin yana da kusan babu sakamako (batun da kyau).

zanen wuya

Wannan shi ne na karshe kashi a cikin tsarin. Mufflers ne na iri biyu:

• Standard.
• Sports.

A farko sa na duk farar hula motocin. The zane na irin wannan zanen wuya ya shafi gaban da dama karfe partitions. Har ila yau, a harka akwai wani perforated bututu, ta hanyar abin da gas da ake directed daga daya bangare zuwa wani. A cewar wannan makirci samar da mafi girma da raguwa a amo da kuma vibration. Serial silencer da aka yi da wani mai tsaurin karfe. Duk da haka, yi ya nuna cewa rayuwa na da wani tsari na girma kasa da cewa na wasanni. Dalilin da cewa shi ne rashin nickel-plated surface da karfe ne ma bakin ciki viscera.

Amma wasanni silencers, sunã da wani sauki tsarin. Yana da wani mike bututu tare da perforations da ciwon wani tsawo a tsakiyar da kuma cike da gilashin ulu. A shaye bututu mufflers shi ne manya-manyan. Yawanci, da diamita na shaye tashar jiragen ruwa cocurrent da rabi zuwa biyu sau mafi girma fiye da misali. Saboda wannan m kau na gas samar da mai kyau 'kaho. " Amma me ya sa irin wannan mufflers ba shigar a kan motoci daga factory (sai dai wasanni versions)? Duk da al'amarin a cikin matakin da suka noisiness. Kamar yadda yi nuna, irin wannan mufflers kusan fafitikar da quenching na sauti vibrations. Su aiki - dauki mafi girma zai yiwu kwarara daga gas a mafi guntu yiwu lokaci. A kan tafi, wadannan mufflers emit a hum, kuma a sa gudun fara zuwa "ihu" karfi. Saboda haka, co-halin yanzu ba su dace da yau da kullum tuki ta'aziyya. Ko da yake da zane ne mafi abin dogara da kuma m fiye da wadanda na "farar hula" takwarorinsu.

sealing abubuwa

Saboda haka, da muka lissafa a babban aka gyara daga shaye tsarin da tsarinta. Duk da haka, muna ba da shaida wa yadda za su gama da juna. Fasteners sanya a kan kusoshi da clamps. Yanayin aiki bututu da alaka da shaye da yawa da kuma resonator a biyu share jiki. Dangane da abin hawa type, da GASKET iya sanya daga guga man corrugated tsare ko m karfe. Bugu da ƙari, cikin wanki za a iya amfani da su. Amma ga shaye, shi ne alaka da rami ta hanyar da karkiya, zoba. A wasu inji zobe (msl, a} asa, "takwas") za a iya amfani da su. Domin mafi hatimi, masana bayar da shawarar yin amfani da zafi-resistant sealant (har zuwa 1100 digiri). Yana daidai Yake rufẽwa duk gibba kuma ba da damar matsa gas ya karya fita gaba lokaci.

shaye tsarin matsalar aiki na samfur

Babban alama - rarrabe sauti na mai kaho. The inji fara "ihu" a cikin gida akwai wani m wari da fetur ko kuma man gas. Har ila yau da mota ne ba ze je. Kuma idan hadayun shaye da yawa GASKET, "Duba" zai haskaka a gaban mota. Ya sakonni da matsalar aiki na samfur na oxygen haska. Tare da wannan karuwa da man fetur amfani (tun da tsarin ba zai iya daidai metered man fetur a matsayin kafin). Hanyar fita - maye shaye da yawa GASKET. Har ila yau duba da yanayin da bututu da kansu. Idan suka fara rot ko akwai fasa a cikin gidajen abinci, shaye tsarin yana bukatar gyara. Rot grinder yanka da welded a kan wani sabon takardar karfe. Amma kamar yadda yi nuna, mafi m da azumi hanya ne don maye gurbin da aka rabu amfani da kashi a cikin sabon daya. Ka tuna cewa a silencer - a consumable abu. A 2-3 shekaru ya kamata a maye gurbinsu. Haka ya shafi cikin wasu abubuwa, amma su rai kadan more. Alal misali, "wando" ƙona fita bayan shekaru biyar na aiki.

game da ripple

A shaye tsarin (ciki har da co-halin yanzu) za a iya hada da corrugation. Yana da wani ƙarin damping kashi. Godiya ga shi rage load a kan sauran sassa na shaye tsarin. gas kanti sauti ne ya fi shuru. Amma shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa corrugations a shaye tsarin - mafi low-kwance kashi. A ra'ayi na wannan, da masu sau da yawa lalata shi. Gyara ne ba batun da corrugation. Ta canji ko welded a kan wani sabon yanki na bututu a wurinsa. Kamar yadda yi nuna, da amo matakin ne kusan ba ya karu bayan irin wannan gyare-gyare. Babban abu - don cimma iyakar tightness a sealing kashi. Bayan ƙone GASKET iya zama wata babbar hanyar da tabarbarewar Gudun halaye na mota.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka, mun yi nazari da na'urar shaye tsarin da manyan matsala. A karshe ba kadan shawara. A lokacin da ka cire da dizal particulate tace ko catalytic Converter kamata halarci ga kau na oxygen haska. Idan wannan ba a yi, da engine zai "zuba" - qara man fetur amfani da kuskure fitilu a kan kayan aiki panel. Bayan kau da kara kuzari (ta canji a harshen arrestor) zuba sabon firmware a cikin kwamfuta. A haska saka a kan wurin zama murfin.