Babban aiki na tsakiya

A lokacin da la'akari da tsarin, ayyuka na cell, da yawa da hankali ne ya biya wa waɗanda abokai cewa suna da hannu a cikin tsare da kuma watsa kayyade bayani. Wadannan hadaddun abubuwa ma hannu a gudãnar da ayyukan wadanda ko wasu sifofi.

Ya kamata a lura cewa, darajar da tsakiya a matsayin wuri don adana da hereditary abu, kazalika da ta muhimmiyar rawa a gano phenotypic halaye da aka gano na dogon lokaci. Daya daga cikin na farko da wannan rawar da nuna Hammerling (Jamus halitta).

The aiki na cell nucleus din an rage yafi tabbatar da rayuwa. Wadannan Tsarin da akai ovoid ko siffar zobe siffar. A tsawon na farko - cikin tsari na 20 microns, da diamita na biyu - game da 10 microns.

core ayyuka kasu kashi biyu janar kungiyoyin. A farko kunshi da ayyuka hade da ajiya na kwayoyin data. Na biyu kungiyar hada kwaya ayyuka hade tare da aiwatar da wannan bayanai, tare da software na gina jiki kira.

Na farko da kungiyar hada da matakai don tabbatar da adana kwayoyin bayanai, wanda aka wakilta wani DNA tsarin canzawa. Wadannan core ayyuka suna lalacewa ta hanyar gaban "gyara enzymes." Sun kashe kwatsam lalacewa a cikin jigidar halittar DNA. Saboda wannan, da DNA din ana kiyaye shi ma canzawa.

Core ayyuka suna kuma hade da matakai na kwafi, ko haifuwa. A sakamakon haka, kafa shi ne cikakken m (duka a gwada yawa da kuma a cikin ingantaccen sharuddan) kundin na wasiyya da bayanai. A tsakiya kwashe canza hereditary abu da kuma recombination. Wannan ne lura a kan aiwatar da meiosis. Bugu da kari, da nuclei aka kai tsaye da hannu a cikin rarraba da DNA din a lokacin cell division.

Na biyu kungiyar hada da matakai da alaka kai tsaye da samuwar na gina jiki kira na'ura. A eukaryotic nuclei suna kafa ribosomal "subunits". Wannan yana cika ta hanyar interconnecting da ribosomal RNA hada a nucleolus, kuma ribosomal sunadaran hada a cytoplasm.

Saboda haka, da zuciyar ba kawai a mangaza kayyade bayani, amma kuma wani wuri inda haifuwa ne da za'ayi wannan bayani da kuma ta aiki. A wannan batun, warwarewarsu ko gazawar na wani daga cikin ayyukan da aka jera a sama ne detrimental zuwa Kwayoyin.

Alal misali, take hakki a gyara matakai iya fararwa da wani canji na farko tsarin da DNA, wadda ta atomatik take kaiwa zuwa wani canji a cikin furotin Tsarin. Wannan, bi da bi, lalle zã shafar takamaiman ayyuka na gina jiki, wanda za a iya canza haka cewa shi ba zai iya samar da ainihin ayyuka na cell. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa da shi (cell) mutuwa.

Disturbances a cikin tsari na DNA reduplication tasha haifuwa Kwayoyin ko sa bayyanar da wani cell da ciwon da wani sa na m kayyade bayanai, wanda shi ne ma sosai detrimental da sauran tsarin.

Don sa cell mutuwa ma disturbances a rarraba matakai na hereditary abu a lokacin division. Loss saboda asarar a cikin zuciyar ko a sakamakon disturbances a wani tsaiko RNA kira matakai (duk wani nau'i) za ta atomatik a daina gina jiki kira ko zuwa tsanani kurakurai a cikinsa.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa Kalmar "core" da aka fara amfani da 1833 da Brown. Saboda haka sanya siffar zobe m Tsarin cikin shuka Kwayoyin. Daga bisani, wannan lokaci ya fara amfani a cikin binciken na mafi girma kwayoyin.

Yawanci, a daya core cell (akwai multinucleated Kwayoyin) wanda ya kunshi wani harsashi wanda ya raba shi daga cytoplasm da nucleolus, chromatin karyoplasm (nukiliya sap). Dukan waɗannan da aka gyara da ake samu a kusan dukkan eukaryotic rarraban Tsarin.