Mucolytics: jerin kayayyakin ga yara da kuma manya

A Ari, mun sukan fuskanci irin wannan m sabon abu, kamar tari. Shi ne m, kuma m, da wuya ya numfashi da kuma rage ingancin rayuwa. Domin da likita, yana da muhimmanci domin sanin abin da irin tari a cikin marasa lafiya: bushe ko rigar. Nau'i na farko da aka dauke su counter-m, kuma shi ne halin da wahala a expectoration. Tari ne ake kira m da kuma shortens haƙuri ta dawo. Gano da haƙuri da irin bushe tari, likitoci sau da yawa rubũta kwayoyi wanda razzhizhzhayut danko sosai mucous mugunya, wanda aka kafa a cikin numfashi fili. Saboda da high yawa daga wannan gamsai da mãsu haƙuri yana da wahala tare da sputum ko expectoration.

Mene ne mucolytics?

Domin taimaka wa haƙuri da bushe tari, likita za yawanci rubũta mucolytics. List of kayayyakin hada a cikin wannan kungiya shi ne quite m. By hanyar tasiri a jikin mutum wadannan kwayoyi za a iya raba uku kungiyoyin:

• Mucoregulatory abubuwa. Bã su da wani tasiri a kan adadin saki mucous mugunya. Wannan kungiyar hada corticosteroids, kuma M-holinoblokatory karbotsistein.
• Mukokinetiki - ne kwayoyi da inganta expectoration na gamsai. Wadannan sun hada da ambroxol, bromhexine da sauransu.
• Kai tsaye mucolytics. Wadannan abubuwa da taimako zuwa ga liquefaction na mucin ta rage ta danko. By mucolytics hada proteolytic enzymes, acetylcysteine, da sauransu.

Daban-daban sunadaran liquefaction na sputum

Idan muka yi la'akari da inji ta da kwayoyin na acid mucopolysaccharides gamsai secretions na mutumin da za a iya halakar da taimakon kwayoyi, biyu main hanyoyi za a iya bambanta - shi ne wani enzyme Hanyar da ba enzymatic hanya. A farkon yanayin, da enzymes karya saukar da sunadarai sadarwa, da kuma a cikin sauran - disulfide Hadin a cikin kwayoyin na sputum.

Nau'in da babban aiki bangaren

Duk wadannan kwayoyi ake hada bisa ga kasa da kasa da rarrabuwa na magunguna ATC karkashin code ko ATS R05CB «Mucolytics". Jerin manyan aiki sinadaran hada da samar da takamaiman alphanumeric nadi:

• R05CB01 - acetylcysteine.
• R05CB02 - bromhexine.
• R05CB03 - karbotsistein.
• R05CB06 - ambroxol.
• R05CB10 - kwayoyi tare da hada halitta.
• R05CB13 - Dornase Alfa (DNase).

Abin da kwayoyi, mucolytics sanya rabõ ga wani musamman haƙuri, solves kawai likita. Wannan ganawa da yake yi kawai bayan na sosai jarrabawa, da kuma shiryar da sakamakon Game da ƙididdiga. Bari mu dauki wani kusa look at yadda kowane aiki abu hada da harhada magunguna a R05CB kungiyar.

Mucolytics da acetylcysteine

Acetylcysteine yadda ya kamata taimaka bakin ciki da gamsai, sabili da haka aka kunshe a cikin rukuni na mucolytics. List of kwayoyi tare da aiki abu ya hada game da biyu da dozin daban-daban na magunguna siffofin. Acetylcysteine ne halin da wadannan sunadaran da mataki:

• Yana yana a cikin kwayoyin da wani mai amsawa sulfhydryl kungiyar juna, wanda aiki a kan hallakaswa mucopolysaccharides disulfide mahadi saboda wanda aka halin ƙãra gamsai danko. A sakamakon haka, da sputum aka liquefied da excreted daga jiki mafi sauƙi.
• Wannan abu na taimaka wa runtse aiki da kuma rage yawan pathogenic kwayoyin da suke a mucosa na numfashi gabobin.
• Yana yana da antioxidant Properties. Sulfhydryl kungiyoyin amsa tare da free radicals da kuma metabolites na oxygen da kuma cire su daga jiki. Saboda haka, acetylcysteine yana da wani antiinflammatory mataki da ovobozhdaet jiki daga mai guba abubuwa, da yawa sassauta haƙuri da yanayin.

Daga shirye-shirye dauke da matsayin aiki abu acetylcysteine, za a iya ambata:

• "Mukobene" - Allunan, 100, 200 ko 600 MG.
• "Mukomist" - bayani a ampoules, 20% ga Topical da inhalation.
• "Mukoneks" a cikin nau'i na katsin, 0.1 g shirya wani syrup.
• "Fluimucil" a cikin nau'i na katsin, 100 da kuma 200 MG. Allunan for fizzy sha, 600 MG.
• "ACC" a cikin nau'i na alluna ga shirya effervescent sha - 100, 200, 600 MG. allura 300 MG / 3 ml a ampoules. granules domin bayani a, 100, 200 MG.
• "Acetylcysteine" a foda siffan, 200 MG. mafita ga allura, 10%. mafita ga ngalyatsy, 20%.
• "Atsestin" - Tablet for ciki gwamnati, 100, 200, 600 MG. Allunan for fizzy sha, 200 da kuma 600 MG.

Acetylcysteine da kwayoyi tare da shi contraindicated a yara a karkashin 2 years old (da wasu - har zuwa shekaru 6 da haihuwa), ciki da kuma lactating mata, mutane da ulcerative gastrointestinal cuta a cikin m mataki. Za ka iya samun illa kamar ciwon kai, stomatitis, lethargy da tinnitus, da wuya bayyana gastrointestinal cuta, allergies, tachycardia. Acetylcysteine ba zai iya sha da antitussive kwayoyi. Yana kuma kara habaka sakamakon nitroglycerin da damuarn sha na maganin rigakafi.

Mucolytics da bromhexine

Medicaments dauke da wannan abu a matsayin aiki bangaren, sau da yawa sanya ta tari, da kuma armashi, kamar yadda mucolytics. A jerin kwayoyi yana da iyaka zuwa biyar pharmaceutical kayayyakin. Da zarar a cikin jikin mutum, bromhexine Saide kamar haka:

• lowers da danko Bronchial mugunya da gamsai polysaccharides depolarization.
• Yana stimulates mucosal Bronchial Kwayoyin wanda asirce polysaccharides tsaka tsaki irin;
• Yana inganta da samuwar wani surfactant.
• Yana samar da expectorant sakamako.
• damuarn da tari reflex.

Shirye-shirye-mucolytics aka jera a kasa dauke a matsayin babban aiki sashi bromhexine. Wadannan sun hada da:

• "Solvin" - mafita ga ciki gwamnati, 4 MG / 5 ml. Allunan na baka amfani, 8 MG.
• "Bromhexine" a cikin nau'i na bayani, 4 MG / 5 ml. syrup, 4 MG / 5 ml. Allunan 8 MG.

Kwayoyi, mucolytics, dauke da bromhexine, an contraindicated ga mutane tare da mutum rashin ha} uri ga wannan bangaren, kazalika da yara har zuwa shekaru 6. Sun iya sa bacin, ciwon kai, ta ƙara rabuwa da gumi, fata rashes da kuma bronchospasm. Ciki da kuma lactating mata magani da bromhexine nada wuya.

Kwayoyi da carbocisteine

Wannan magani an kuma hada a "Mucolytics" kungiyar. List of kwayoyi tare da carbocisteine hada game da goma abubuwa, amma da suka duk da wannan pharmaceutical sakamako:

• rage abun ciki na tsaka tsaki da kuma acidic kara samar da glycopeptides aka kawo cikin su al'ada rabo.
• rage danko da kuma daidaitawa da elasticity na sputum.
• regenerate mucosa na numfashi tsarin da kuma mayar da al'ada tsarin.
• kara da factor na gida takamaiman juriya karamar hukumar.
• normalize selection sulfigrilnyh kungiyoyin.
• da fatar sama da aiki na ciliated Bronchial epithelium.

Sau da yawa sosai, marasa lafiya an sanya kawai irin mucolytics. A jerin kwayoyi da kuma shirye-shirye dauke da karbotsistein aka bai kasa:

• "Libeksin Muko" a cikin wani nau'i na syrup, 50 MG / ml.
• "Mucodyne" a cikin nau'i na capsules, 125 MG. syrup yara 125 MG / 5 ml da 250 MG / 5 ml.
• "Karbotsistein" syrup 250 MG / 5 ml da 125 MG / 5 ml (yara). Capsules, 375 MG.
• "Fluifort" a cikin nau'i na granules ga dakatar, 2.7 MG. Syrup, 90 MG / l; syrup 2% (yara) da kuma 5%.

Karbotsisteinovye mucolytics, kwayoyi da kuma magunguna, wanda aka bayyana a sama ba za a iya dauka da gaskiyar na da ciwon wani alerji da primary bangaren kazalika a peptic miki cutar, disturbances na al'ada funktsionirovaniyapochek, glomerulonephritis a cikin m tsari, cystitis, daukar ciki da nono. Shirye-shirye a cikin nau'i na capsules suna contraindicated ga yara a karkashin shekaru 12, da kuma a cikin nau'i na syrup - har zuwa 2 shekaru. Kwayoyi, mucolytics tari tushen karbotsisteina iya sporovotsirovat rastrojstva narkewa da rashin lafiyan manifestations.

Kwayoyi da ambroxol

Wadannan kwayoyi su ne mafi mashahuri a tsakanin marasa lafiya. Ambroxol yana da wadannan effects a kan jikin mutum:

• Ya rage danko index da mannewa na sputum.
• facilitates sallama na gamsai daga Airways.
• activates serous sel da Bronchial mucosa na glandular nama.
• Yana stimulates samar da enzymes cewa kaskantar da tsarin da polysaccharides na sputum.
• rayayye inganta samar da surfactant.
• Yana stimulates cilia na bronchi da kuma hana su daga mai danko tare.

Saboda mataki na wadannan dalilai ambrokola shi aka hada a kungiyar "Mucolytics". A jerin kwayoyi dauke da wannan bangaren shi ne m. A nan ne ya fi kowa kwayoyi tare da ambroxol:

• "Mucosolvan" - lozenges, 20 MG. pastilles 15 MG. bayani, 7.5 MG / ml. syrup 15 da kuma 30 MG / 5 ml. Allunan, 30 MG.
• "Haliksol" - a cikin wani nau'i na syrup, 30 MG / ml da kuma 10 Allunan, 30 MG.
• "Maddox" - a cikin wani nau'i na syrup, 15 MG / 5 ml da Allunan, 30 MG.
• "Deflegmin" - a cikin nau'i na saukad da na baka gwamnati, Allunan, kuma 0.75%, 30 MG.
• "Suprema-Cof" - a cikin irin Allunan, 30 MG.
• "Mukobron" -domin nau'i na Allunan, 30 MG.
• "Saukad Bronhovern" - mafita ga ciki gwamnati, 7.5 MG / ml.
• "Ambrobene" - a cikin irin capsules, 75 MG. mafita ga allura, 7.5 MG / ml. syrup, 15 MG / 5 ml. Allunan, 30 MG.
• "Ambrogeksal" - a cikin irin capsules, 75 MG. mafita ga inhalation da ingestion, 7.5 MG / ml. syrup 3 da 6 MG / ml da Allunan, 30 MG.
• "Ambroxol" - a cikin wani nau'i na syrup, 3 da kuma 6 MG / ml. Allunan, capsules, 30 MG da 75 MG.
• "Ambrolap" - a cikin irin capsules, 75 MG. syrup, 15 MG / 5 ml. Allunan, 30 MG. rastvoa domin na cikin gida liyafar da kuma ga inhalation, 7.5 MG / ml.
• "Ambrosan" - a cikin irin Allunan, 30 MG.
• "Ambrosol" - a matsayin syrup 0.3 da kuma 0.6 g / 100 ml.
• "Remebroks" -domin ya samar da wata syrup 30 MG / 5 ml.
• "Ambrotard 75" -domin nau'i na capsules, 75 MG.
• "Flavamed" - a cikin nau'i na wani bayani na baka gwamnati, 15 MG / 5 ml da Allunan, 30 MG.
• "Bronhoval" - Allunan, 30 MG. Syrup, 15 MG / 5 ml.

Dangane da tsari na saki da miyagun ƙwayoyi, akwai contraindications da liyafar kan ambroxol magunguna. Irin wannan shirye-shirye, mucolytics yara a karkashin 2 shekaru dace kawai idan sashi na aiki abu ba ya wuce 3 MG / ml, yawanci da syrup ko bayani. Allunan ba zai iya sha ga marasa lafiya a ƙarƙashin da shekaru 6 da shekaru, da kwantena - har zuwa shekaru 14. Har ila yau, idan haƙuri kai ne hypersensitive zuwa ambroxol, mucolytics data ba za a iya sanya. Daga cikin gefen sakamakon da miyagun ƙwayoyi - bacin, ta ƙara rabuwa da hanci gamsai, wahalar yana yin fitsari, rashin lafiyan halayen. Lokacin da ciki ne yawanci ambroksol ba sanya a farko trimester, kuma a kwanan baya - kawai a kan likita na shawara.

Mucolytics hada abun da ke ciki

Wadannan medicaments dauke da dama daban-daban aiki abubuwa da mataki, wanda samar da liquefaction na sputum, don haka suka hada a typology "Mucolytics". Lokacin da bushe tari jerin kwayoyi wajabta ta likita daga jerin baya aka bayyana a cikin wannan labarin, za a iya supplemented da wadannan magunguna:

• "Sinupret" - yana nufin a shuka aka gyara. Ya ƙunshi wani ɓangare daga gentian tushen, Primrose furanni da kuma elderberry ganye zobo da vervain. A shirye-shiryen da aka sanya a cikin nau'i na alluna ko giya bayani. aiki abubuwa hadaddun facilitates ingantaccen sallama na gamsai daga sinuses da kuma na sama na numfashi fili. The biyu formulations ba zai iya dauka da yara har zuwa shekaru 6 da haihuwa da kuma mutane da lactase rashi, kazalika gaban alerji zuwa magunguna aka gyara.
• "Rinikold Broncho" - shiri wanda kunshi da uku main aka gyara: ambroxol (15 MG), chlorphenamine (2 MG), phenylephrine (5 MG) da kuma guaifenesin (100 MG). A sakamakon samun wannan syrup danko rage-rage gamsai a cikin bronchi, sauki expectoration, gusar tearing, itching da idanu da kuma hanci, rage-rage kumburi da redness na mucous nama na numfashi tsarin. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne contraindicated a spasms, atherosclerosis, hauhawar jini, da ciwon sukari, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, glaucoma, rufe-type, ciki, prostate adenoma, rashi na glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, daukar ciki da lactation, yara a karkashin 6 years old ne rashin lafiyan aka gyara. Ba za ka iya sha da syrup da betaadrenoblokatorami, tricyclic antidepressants jinsunan, Mao hanawa da kuma kwayoyi dauke da wannan aiki abu a matsayin "Broncho Rinikold".

Ribonuclease domin lura da bushe coughs

Yawancin lokaci wajabta ta likitoci mucolytics tare da bushe tari, a jerin wanda aka gabatar a baya, shi za a iya dangana ga gargajiya kwayoyi da kuma gwada ta da lokaci. Brand sabon zamani da kuma hanyar yin kawar da danko sosai gamsai a cikin numfashi fili - da amfani da ribonuclease ko dornase Alfa. Wannan abu ne mai genetically Kamfanin samfurin, wani analogue na halitta mutum enzyme wanda yake da alhakin tsakiyan nonon na extracellular DNA.

A gaban cystic fibrosis a cikin wani haƙuri, wanda aka halin da sha'awar dauke da kwayar cutar tsari, wani jari na surkin jini secretions tare da high danko. A sakamakon haka, marasa lafiya sosai numfashi aiki. A surkin jini secretions a cikin manyan yawa ƙunshi extracellular DNA. Wadannan barbashi an saki daga rubabben leukocytes samar a matsayin mayar da martani inji a da kamuwa da cuta, kuma suna da high danko. Ribonuclease cleaves DNA hydrolytic da phlegm da gamsai sakamakon liquefied.

Dornase Alfa ne wani ɓangare na "Pulmozyme" miyagun ƙwayoyi, wanda aka samar a cikin nau'i na wani bayani ga inhalation. Active al'amari ciki - 2.5 MG / 2.5 ml. Wannan magani an samu nasarar yi amfani da cystic fibrosis da kullum obstructive na huhu cututtuka: bronchiectasis rashin lafiya, COPD, nakasar malformations a yara, ciwon huhu, numfashi raunuka immunodifitsitnogo hali.

Contraindications "Pulmozim" bit. A miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kamata ba za a wajabta shi a ciki da kuma lactating mata da yara a karkashin shekaru 5. Side effects a lura da wannan kayan aiki ne rare da kuma na iya faruwa a matsayin lymphocytic cutar sankarar bargo m siffofin aplastic anemia, epilepsy, migraine, conjunctivitis, disequilibrium, tachycardia, sakamakon bugun zuciya, bradycardia, ciwon huhu, bronchospasm, narkewa kamar cuta, rashin lafiyan dermatitis, angioneurotic edema, cuta ciki da na haihuwa, ciwon kirji, wani rauni.

Bi da sauri da kuma daidai

Wannan labarin da aka sake nazari da tambaya: "Abin da kwayoyi - mucolytics?" List of fi na kowa kwayoyi na wannan kungiyar mai suna. Ya kamata a musamman lura da cewa yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, da sashi, kazalika da shawarwari ga tsawon lokaci da hanya na lura da kuma yiwuwar maye gurbin da miyagun ƙwayoyi analogue - wadannan ne abubuwan da suke da nauyin wani likita sana'a kawai bayan da wani sosai ganewar asali daga mãsu haƙuri. Kai-magani a cikin wannan halin da ake ciki na iya zama ba kawai cigaba, amma kuma iya sa unpredictable effects daga gefen sakamakon kwayoyi don raya kullum cututtuka. Saboda haka, a gaban cutar bayyanar cututtuka kada ku jinkirta ziyarar da likita. Zauna lafiya!