Atlantic sturgeon: description, jinsin da kuma mazauninsu

The Red Book - mai rai tunatarwa ga bil'adama na yadda m da m kamar yadda dangantaka da albarkatun kasa. Kowane irin, rubũtacce a kan ta shafukan - wani lokaci don yin tunãni a kan gaba na Duniya. Yau, misali, shi ne sosai m tambaya na ko a adana musamman a duniya mafi girma a jinsunan sturgeon - Sturgeon Atlantic. Kuma da zarar ya kasance a wajensa a kan tebur domin arziki banquets da idodi.

Description of jinsunan

Atlantic Sturgeon - chordates daga aji na ray-finned kifi. A nasa ne da manyan iyali na sturgeon. The Latin sunan jinsin Acipenser sturio.

Ciki da irin sturgeon nufin wani wuri na musamman. Phylogenetic dangantaka da sauran jinsunan sturgeon ba su cikakken gane. Akwai yiwuwar ciwon magabata tare da wadanda jinsunan da cewa suna da game da 120 chromosomes (sturgeon). Masana kimiyya har yanzu ba su tabbatar da ainihin taxonomic matsayi na wasu alƙarya kama a yankin da take warewa. Mafi yawa daga cikin shawara da suke kewaye da Arewacin Amirka alƙarya na Atlantic sturgeon, wanda zai ƙoƙari ya sa a cikin wani takamaiman daraja.

Nau'in na Atlantic sturgeon

Sturgeon iya zama m, Semi-anadromous da ruwa tare jinsunan. A kan ƙasa na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet rayuwa biyu siffofin Atlantic sturgeon: sadarwa (anadromous), to yi hijirarsa a cikin kogi, kuma ruwa tare (na zama) form, wanda zaune a cikin Lake Ladoga.

habitats

A baya, da giant Atlantic sturgeon yi kawaici a cikin Arewa da kuma Baltic Sea. Na sadu tare da gaba na Turai a cikin Atlantic. Wani lokaci kama a tekun Black Sea. Species nasa ne m kasuwanci kifi.

A lokacin spawning hijirarsa na Atlantic sturgeon iya tafi a cikin ruwa na Kaliningrad yankin, da Gulf of Finland da kuma ko da a cikin Neva. Amma ko da yaushe a wadannan wurare ya ba su zauna. Ruwaito guda kama a White Sea, manyan samfurori kama a kusa da bakin kogi. Umba. Wucewa ra'ayoyi kama a cikin ruwaye na Arewa Dvina.

Ladoga na zama yawan karatu kadan. An sani cewa sturgeon spawn Atlantic located a kan kogin Volhov. spawning sarari baya housed a cikin ƙananan sashi don bakin ƙofa.

bayyanar

Babban siffa daga cikin Atlantic sturgeon - gigantic rabbai. Tun da farko, a fadin mutane, jiki tsawon shi ne fiye da 5 mita. Weight haka iya da wani babban matakin da 600 kg. Sturgeon - gane centenarians, da kuma Atlantic jinsunan ne ba togiya. Daidai da bayanai a kan tsawon rayuwar masana kimiyya suna da wuyar samu, amma samun da hannayensu a kan samfurori kasance daga 45 zuwa 100 shekaru.

Daga 'yan'uwanmu HALITTAR Sturgeon halin da rashi na folds kafa gill membranes kasa da Isthmus. Bakin wani kifi da kananan ƙananan lebe katse, shugaban tapers wajen gaban da yake da ɗan flattened. Da muhimmancin da touch aiki nau'i biyu daga antennae. The idanu ne ma kananan, da zinariya Iris.

Kamar dukan wakilan chondrostei, da Atlantic sturgeon a jiki suna da yawa a tsaye kashi bude yatsun, kira kwari. Amma kawai a wannan irin girma dabam ya fi girma fiye da wasu. Caudal peduncle kare manyan garkuwoyi. A baya an located rhombic fitar kasusuwan jikinsu plaques.

Launi sturgeon rage. Jikin zaitun-bluish, a wasu mutane, akwai zinariya Sheen. Kwari canza launin wuta fiye da manyan jiki. Ƙananan sashi na jiki (ciki), fari.

hali Features

Sadarwa Atlantic sturgeon ƙaura daga teku zuwa cikin kogin zuwa spawn. Ba su congregate a manyan makarantu, kamar sauran kifi, da kuma tafi daya da daya ko a cikin kananan kungiyoyin. Kiwo lokaci akwai bazara da kuma hunturu siffofin. Winter sturgeon kasance ga hunturu a sabo ruwa.

Sun dabbobi da suke zaune a cikin kõguna na shekaru da dama. A teku, da juveniles bar, kawai kai wani jiki tsawon (60 cm).

haifuwa

Age na mafarki ga maza ya auku a cikin bakwai da tara shekara. The mace ore daga baya, takwas-goma sha huɗu (bincike da za'ayi a cikin Black Sea). A lokacin spawning, da mace za su iya share dama miliyan qwai. Caviar ne a haɗe zuwa substrate. Amfrayo cin faruwa ga 3-4 kwanaki, amma ruwan zafin jiki ya kamata game da 20 ° C. A ƙananan yanayin zafi da tayi ci gaban da aka jinkirta 10-12 kwanaki. A lokacin Hatching larvae tsawon game da 10 mm. Domin makonni 2 jiki aka mika zuwa 18 mm, a lokacin da larvae fara ci da kansa.

A feed

A rage cin abinci na larvae planktonic crustaceans da hironamidy. Ba za su yi wani abun ciye-ciye kwari larvae. Adult Atlantic sturgeon ci gerbils da anchovies, kazalika da kwaro, tsutsotsi da kuma kananan crustaceans. Wani lokaci a cikin abinci ne mollusks.

Kiyayewa matsayi da kuma kama kifi

Atlantic sturgeon zuwa nau'i nau'i. Yawan mutane ne sosai kananan yau, kama da Atlantic sturgeon aka haramta a karkarar Turai. Saboda haka, a ce abin da kama Atlantic sturgeon, shi ne wuya. Game da kaya, da wuya a ce. Abu daya ne bayyananne, idan yawan za a iya mayar da, da kuma kama na Atlantic sturgeon zai yiwu, to, shi ya zama mai karfi kama kifi sanda tare da mai kyau magance. Mafi sau da yawa kama da aka sanya gill raga a lokacin spawning hijirarsa.

A cikin tsohon kwana na zo fadin wani sosai manyan Atlantic sturgeon. Kwaf kama kifi, watau masunta nufin samun babbar memba na jinsunan, bada mamaki sakamakon. Saboda haka, a cikin Neva River a 1851 ya aka kama da mace Atlantic sturgeon yin la'akari kusan 320 kg. Bayan dadi fillets cewa lokaci masunta samu 80 kg na caviar. A Gulf of Finland most misali da aka kama a 1934. Wannan babban kifi auna 177 kg. A Lake Ladoga aka kuma samu ma'ana ganima. Sturgeon kama a tsawon kasance game da 3 m kuma auna 130 kg. effigy aka sanya daga konkoma karãtunsa fãtun na giant, wanda aka adana a cikin Museum na Academy of Sciences a St. Petersburg.

A karshe ya tabbatar da gaskiyar samar da Atlantic sturgeon faru a shekarar 1984. Yana da aka kama mace 1.5m dogon, yin la'akari - 30 kg.

A yau ya tabbatar da cewa Atlantic sturgeon kiyaye a cikin Black Sea a kusa da kogin Rioni.

Me rage yawan

Muhimmanci lalacewar da yawan Atlantic sturgeon ya aikata mutum aiki. A kan waɗansu kõguna suna gina dam ko dam. Alal misali, Volkhov River, wanda ya shiga cikin Atlantic sturgeon spawn daga Lake Ladoga, aka katange a 1926 da wani dam. A cikin 'yan shekaru, game da sturgeons data yanzu ba a bayar da rahoton a wannan kogi.

Man sallami cikin koguna da teku, masana'antu ruwa mai guba, ruwa gurbatawa rinjayar da yawa na kifi. Spawning sturgeon sha daga wani iyo katako. Kututturan tara a wasu yankunan, zoba wurare da kuma rot, da keta oxygen tsarin mulki.

A lokacin, masana kimiyya suna ruxani da cryopreservation na kwayoyin su iya sake look. Wadannan ayyuka za su haifar kawai tare da cikakken hadin kai daga kasashen da abin ya shafa.

Game "Rasha kama kifi"

Haruka na Atlantic sturgeon iya ba kawai ganima kama kifi. Yau, akwai online wasanni inda za ka iya nuna kashe da basira a cikin wani mai rumfa duniya. "Rasha kama kifi" (PP) - a wasan da za ka iya samun sauƙin fahimta ko da wani novice. A cikin Neva River Atlantic sturgeon kama a wani wuri na musamman da ake kira Bitrus da Bulus sansanin soja. Wannan kama kifi zai iya sauri tsotso matakan a game, ba tare da bukata ƙarin kashe kudi.

Tips ga sabon:

• Idan ka kama wani babban rybehu, ya sha barasa da kuma ci miya.
• Kamawa sturgeon mafi kyau a kan wani taso kan ruwa, don haka ba za ka iya samun karin kwarewa a wasan.
• Idan kama kananan kifaye, saki a gare shi daga sanda.

Idan kana so ka yi wasa a PP 3.7. (Neva), Atlantic sturgeon zama tabbata ka fished. Don yin wannan zai bukatar ka ciyar game da 2 miliyan rubles game. Kulle Fish fee na 450 ths. Domin 1 yanki, alhãli kuwa za ka bukatar akalla uku. Good, mai iko faifai za kudin akalla 450 dubu. Bait iya saya ko kama da kanka.