Arewa Port a kan Yenisei

Igarka - mai da muhimmanci sosai tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin ƙananan kai na da Yenisei River. An located a Krasnodar yankin, wanda tun 1928, kuma ya zuwa yau ya kasance babban arewacin nufi ga jiragen ruwa daga ko'ina cikin duniya.

kasar ta rikodin mariƙin

Yenisei River - da girman kai na Rasha. Kowane mazaunin aka yi amfani da tare da sunan wannan jiki na ruwa da epithet "mahaifinka." Yana rike da na biyu mafi girma tasa yanki a Rasha Federation da na bakwai daga cikin duniya most tsarin. Wannan blue kintinkiri gudana daga kudu zuwa arewa, da kuma hannun jari ta tashar na Siberia zuwa yamma da kuma gabas.

Asalin da tashar daukan zuwa lambatu cikin Greater kuma Karami Yenisei, a cikin babban birnin kasar na Jamhuriyar Tuva - Kyzyl. Gama kogin na 3487 km daga wannan lokaci, a gaba na Caspian Sea.

Yau, da wannan tsarin ne a yana kokarin muhimmanci da makaman ga shipping Rasha. Waterway yana da dozin zamani marinas. A arewacin tashar jiragen ruwa a kan Yenisei River, Igarka, daukan ko da marine tasoshin.

sunan asiri

A zamanin da, mutane daban-daban da girmama da girman wannan kwarara. Kowace daga cikin iyalan, wanda ya rayu a bangare, narekat domin kama sunayen. Alal misali, Evenki ya ba shi sunan "UNE", wanda yake nufin "babban ruwa".

Chum, wanda ya rayu a wadannan yankuna daga baya soma da sunan. Amma da su dokoki da sunan shi ya ƙara yanayin lokaci. Saboda haka, da sauran ta kalmar "UNE" (ma'ana "kogi") ya shiga cikin 'yan qasar "SES" (wanda ya hada da sauti kamar "babban ruwa"). A sakamakon da aka kira "UNEG", wanda shi ne ainihin translation daga biyu daban-daban yaruka nufin "kogin na Nilu."

A XVI karni, ba wanda zai iya tsammani cewa za a yi wani babban tashar jiragen ruwa a kan Yenisei River. A mutane da suka rayu a kan wadannan gaba, kawai magance kama kifi.

discoverers

Yi amfani da kogin matsayin waterway fara Cossacks. Sa'an nan ya zo na farko da aka rubuta ambaci shi cewa nema a mayar da ƙarshen XVI karni. A 1601 Kondraty Kurochkin sanya wani cikakken bayanin wannan tafki.

A aikinsa, ya lura da cewa, tashar dace ba kawai don kama kifi amma kuma ga shipping. Bayan wannan, a kan bankunan na kogin, daya bayan daya fara bayyana shiri. A cikin'yan shẽkaru, wani birni da cewa har yanzu wanzu. Cikin shahararrun - Yeniseisk da Krasnoyarsk. Akwai kuma kafa tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Yenisei River.

A shipping rayayye ci gaba a tsawon shekaru. By farkon XX karni 26 jiragen ruwa da aka kora a kan kogin. Amma cikin tãguwar ruwa tafi ba kawai cinikayya da kaya jiragen ruwa. A holidays a kan ruwa iyo yawon shakatawa jirgin, wanda aka tsara don familiarize da kowa tare da Monuments na gida yanayi.

Cossacks iya gode ba kawai a fara shipping kasuwanci a cikin kwari, amma kuma ga gabatarwar da sunan, wanda ya Sahaban ne har yanzu. Daga baya na hijira gida sunan "UNEG" ya fara sauti a Rasha a matsayin "Yenisei".

Babban labari na gari

A farko tashar jiragen ruwa a kan Yenisei River da aka gina a karkashin jagorancin sabon Soviet iko. Kiliya ga motocin da aka located a garin Igarka.

A tarihin wannan kauye ne da nasaba da ruwa. Tare da wannan kashi, da kuma sunan garin ya. A cewar daya daga version, sunansa wannan ƙasa tsiwirwirinsu bayan ta matsatsiyar, wanda aka located.

Pond, bi da bi, mai suna bayan wani gida masunci Yegor Shiryaev. Mutumin da daukakar gwani mafarauci da kuma wani mutum na sa'a. Makwabta kira mutumin da soyayya na Igarka. Don daukakar deft masunci kuma rayu a kan, ya laƙabi da aka mai suna ta matsatsiyar. Ko da yake shirin gaskiya shaida wannan version ne ba yanzu, da gida soyayya wannan labari.

Wannan ƙasa ta fara bayyana a kan taswira a 1725. Detail kõma mashigar forwarders Fedor Minin da Chariton Laptev a 1740-m. A wannan lokacin da ƙasa ne kawai 'yan yadudduka.

A hanya zuwa daraja

Fiye da 150 shekaru daga baya, wato a cikin 1876, 'yan adam ya fara gano Arewa Sea Route. Jirãge cewa ya iso, unloaded da kaya kai tsaye zuwa banki, wanda a lokacin aiki a matsayin wani improvised tashar jiragen ruwa a kan Yenisei River. Bugu da kari ya zama wurin da moored tandayen suka of kadan amfani ga kai kaya, haka kuma, wadannan ayyukan da ya faru a daban-daban yankuna. Sau da yawa, a lokacin da canja wurin da dukiya rasa a cikin ruwa. Akwai lokuta Sa'ad da shugabannin, kuma ba jiran tafiyar da kogin Bartmann-Wulf shiga jirgin ruwa.

tashar jiragen ruwa shiri, wanda zai iya daukar jiragen ruwa da yawa da ake bukata. A shekarar 1923 ya gudanar na farko yunkurin aiwatar da zane. Da farko marina kokarin shirya a Ust-Port. Lokacin aiki na matuƙan gane cewa wuri ya m.

Daga baya, sai suka shirya don fara aiki a Angutinskoy bututu. Amma wadannan tsare-tsaren ci kyaftin na steamer "Tobol" PF Ocheretko, ya miƙa zuwa gina arewacin tashar jiragen ruwa a kan Yenisei a Igarka bututu.

Daga cikin kauyen da kasa marina

Wannan shawarar da aka ba maras wata-wata. Mariner ne da aka sani, kuma wadannan pre-auna ruwa zurfin. A sakamakon, wanda ya samu, aka aika zuwa "Sibvodput".

Next zuwa aikin injiniyoyi fara. Su sun dade da bincika ta matsatsiyar kuma ya ba tabbatacce feedback. Bayan cikakken nazari na gaba aikin, masana za su ba da damar gina kusa da garin Igarka.

Yuni 15, 1929 hukuma ba hukuma izni domin gina. Aikin da aka ɓangare na Soviet shekaru biyar shirin, wanda da dama a kan 1928-1932 shekaru. Saboda haka da farko manyan lesoeksportny tashar jiragen ruwa a kan Yenisei an tashe shi.

Bayan fara gine-gine ya karu da yawan jama'a. Tuni a shekarar 1931 da yawan mazaunan kai 3000. Wannan shi ne lokacin da abu da aka bai birni matsayi. Ga ci gaban da sabon unguwannin a ƙasa directed siyasa, soji, da kuma sauran fursunonin. Shi ne nasu sabon wuraren da aka gina. Ginshiƙin gada ya yi aiki na rayayye tare da ƙara na zirga-zirga na karuwa a kowace shekara. Jirãge daga fiye da 20 kasashe daban-daban da aka moored a kan wannan gefe. Sa'an nan, a tashar jiragen ruwa birnin a kan Yenisey tsiwirwirinsu notoriety teku ƙofofin manyan zuwa Turai.

lokaci na dakushe

Duk da cewa da marina fara a matsayin wani abu lesoeksportny a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da grandiose da tsare-tsaren ga yankin. A shekarar 1956, gwamnatin ɓullo da wani m shirin da maimaitawa na gari. Wannan abu ya zama ba kawai wani Maritime cibiyar amma kuma masana'antu.

A shekarar 1962, bala'i bugi a Igarka. Munin wuta ƙone daruruwan gidaje a kasa. Duk da haka, shi da aka sāke gina daga karce.

A birnin da dama na masana'antu don aiki na itace. Su kayayyakin an jawo ƙara waje jiragen ruwa. A mafi sau, da tashar jiragen ruwan teku a kan Yenisei iya kawai dauki game da 25 manyan jiragen ruwan daukan kaya. Sauran kayayyakin da aka saukar da kogin rafting.

By da girma na aikin Igarka biyu kawai wasu navigable birni - Arkhangelsk.

Yanzu da lokacinta wannan abu nada. 2015 yawan kawai 5,000, yayin da adadin ya tsaya a kusan 20 000 a shekarar 1989.

Duk da wannan, Igarka iya goyon yawon bude ido.

hajji batu

Duba bayan al'amuran da lokacin da za a taimaka da Museum of permafrost, wanda aka located a Krasnoyarsk Abuja. Shi ne kawai hadaddun tare da wani kurkuku zurfi a cikin daskararre ƙasa.

Back a 1930, da yankin inda a yau da hadaddun aka located, wani kimiyya dakin gwaje-gwaje. Shekaru masu yawa daga baya, wato 19 Maris 1965, daya daga cikin dakunan da cibiyar da aka bude ga jama'a. Haka ya faru a kan shirin na Dr. mineralogical Sciences Alexander Pchelintseva.

A haskaka daga cikin hadaddun ba kawai ta farfado, da kuma wani tsari na da sallamawa. All dakuna suna located a zurfin 14 mita. Kamar wancan ne da yawan zafin jiki jeri daga -5 zuwa -60 digiri. Sectioned bango - a gwangwani saƙonni daga baya. Suna daidai kiyaye ganye da kuma itatuwa da cewa ya girma a kan kasa game da 50 000 da suka wuce.

Port a kan Yenisei ga Museum of permafrost kuma iya gaya game da tarihin ƙasar haihuwarmu. Yadda a kan wannan ƙasa sun kasance na farko da mutane yadda za a yi da mallaka, da yadda ya yi daya daga cikin manyan marinas, Yanã shiryar da zai iya gaya muku daki-daki. Akwai farfado da cewa gaya da bakin ciki labarin da danniya da kuma siyasa zalunci a cikin birnin.

Yawon bude ido suka ziyarci wannan gidan kayan gargajiya, yana da ikon zuwa taba da m baya.