Agranulocytosis - menene wannan? Agranulocytosis a yara da kuma manya: Bayyanar cututtuka, haddasawa da kuma magani

Laboratory jarrabawa na jini yi kusan kowace cuta. Wannan an haɗa da bayanai abun ciki na kima. A canje-canje na mutum sigogi na jini za a iya gani a kan etiology na cuta, mai tsanani daga cikin pathological tsari. Bayani a kan karuwa ko karu a wasu takamaiman jini Kwayoyin damar musamman da ake zargi da take hakki. Alal misali, cutar sankarar bargo, daban-daban iri anemia. Daya awon ãyõyi dauke agranulocytosis. Wannan ciwo, wanda na iya faruwa kadai ko kuma a hade da wasu canje-canje a cikin jini. Wannan alamar na nuni da gaban mai tsanani kamuwa da cuta.

Agranulocytosis - menene wannan?

Cututtuka na jini da hannu a kimiyya Hematology. Ƙeta, wanda ya nuna tsananin pathological tsari ne agranulocytosis. Wannan ciwo ne halin da mai pronounced karu a matakin na farin jini Kwayoyin - leukocytes. Su zama dole domin iko da cututtuka jamiái shiga jiki a lokacin kamuwa da cuta.

Al'ada farin jini cell count ne daidai 4-9 x 10 ⁹ / l. Karuwa a yawan wadannan Kwayoyin nuna ci gaban da kumburi mayar da hankali. A rashin farin jini Kwayoyin na iya faruwa a lokacin da gazawar da tsarin na rigakafi, hanawa na hematopoiesis, buguwa. Agranulocytosis - wani dakin gwaje-gwaje ciwo halin da dakushe matakin farin jini Kwayoyin zuwa 1 x 10 ⁹ / l ko kasa (neutrophil - 0.75 * 10 ^9). Saboda da pronounced rashi na rigakafi Kwayoyin akwai daban-daban matakai dauke da kwayar cutar kwayan ko kwayar etiology. Don gane da ciwo, na asibiti jini gwajin zama dole.

A aukuwar agranulocytosis

Wannan hematologic ciwo ya auku tsakanin mace da namiji yawan jama'a. Nakasar agranulocytosis wuya rubuce, a kwatanta da samu cutar. Hakazalika, canje-canje a cikin salon salula abun da ke ciki na jini mafi yiwuwa ga tsakiyar-shekaru mata (daga shekaru 40). A mita wannan Lab alama ne daban-daban a cikin kasashe daban-daban. A kan talakawan, agranulocytosis gano a cikin 1 daga 1200 mutane. A gagarumin raguwa a yawan farin jini Kwayoyin mafi yiwuwa ga Caucasians.

Dalilan da ci gaban agranulocytosis

Me ci gaba agranulocytosis? A dalilan da wannan pathological yanayin dogara da iri-iri da cutar. Nakasar agranulocytosis lalacewa ta hanyar hereditary dalilai. A ciwo yana nufin genetically m pathologies. A hadarin da cewa wani yaro haife daga rashin lafiya uwar ko uba, zai faru da wannan ciwo sosai high. A dalilan haddasa samu agranulocytosis sun hada da:

1. Autoimmune cututtuka. Irin wannan pathologies ne na tsari lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, rheumatoid amosanin gabbai. A cikin wadannan cututtuka, na rigakafi da tsaro ba ne kawai da nufin waje barbashi, amma kuma a jiki ta mallaka Kwayoyin.
2. Exposure zuwa ionizing radiation. Wannan factor take kaiwa zuwa zalunci ne ba kawai fari, amma kuma ja hematopoietic jam.
3. Karbar cytostatic kwayoyi. Wadannan medicaments ana nuna ga rheumatic cututtuka da kuma ciwon daji. A hasara na lura da cytostatics ne cewa kwayoyi hallaka al'ada Kwayoyin.
4. Dogon lokacin da yin amfani da maganin rigakafi (msl, da tarin fuka), NSAIDs da antiparasitic jamiái.
5. Mai tsanani cututtuka. A kaifi dakushe yawan neutrophils za a iya lura a kwayar hepatitis, kyanda, rubella, smallpox, mura, da sauransu. D.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa agranulocytosis ba wani m cutar. Wannan ciwo ba zai iya ci gaba ba tare da wani takamaiman dalili. Ya aka yaushe hade da wasu pathological effects.

Ginshikai na cin gaban agranulocytosis

Neutrophils ne m jini Kwayoyin. Suna kafa a cikin bargo da kuma fito a cikin manyan yawa ci gaba. Wadannan Kwayoyin asusu domin game da 70% na jimlar leukocytes. Tare da rashin ci gaban da jini daga wadannan abubuwa da aka tasowa neutropenia. Agranulocytosis dauke da ci-gaba siffofin da yanayin. Nakasar rashi na neutrophil kuma duka fari cell count auku saboda gaban mahaukaci gene.

A sakamakon exogenic dalilai, ci gaban farin jini Kwayoyin an rage ko daina gaba daya. Wani inji na ciwo yana dauke samar da antibodies da neutrophils. Kamar haka, akwai agranulocytosis. Jini gwaje-gwaje a lokaci guda za su canza kusan nan da nan. Bayan duk, a cikin rãyuwar neutrophils wajen takaice. Shi ne daga 2 zuwa 3 days.

Nau'in pathological yanayi

Dangane da dalilin da pathogenetic inji asirce da dama sukayi fassara agranulocytosis. A cewar wannan, ya zama ruwan dare nakasar da kuma samu rashi na neutrophils. A farkon yanayin, da hematological ciwo ya auku a lokacin da wadannan kwayoyin pathologies:

1. Granulomatous cuta.
2. Iyalinmu neutropenia.
3. Shvahmana-Dayemonda ciwo.
4. Kostmann cuta.
5. Syndrome Shediac-Shtaynbrinka-Higashi.
6. Nakasar aleukia.

An samo rashi na farin jini Kwayoyin ne zuwa kashi autoimmune, kuma hapten myelotoxic agranulocytosis. Kowace daga cikin wadannan siffofin na da inji na ci gaba. Nisa da tushe pathological tsari ne ware m kuma na kullum jihohin agranulocytosis. Har ila yau a cikin rarrabuwa dogara ne a kan mai tsanani daga cikin ciwo.

Description rigakafi agranulocytosis

Rigakafi agranulocytosis hade da pathological effects na antibodies a kan ja jini Kwayoyin. Yana iya sa ta biyu na ciki da kuma exogenous inji. A cikin farko idan, cutar na faruwa saboda autoimmune hari. Irin wannan jiha take kaiwa zuwa na tsari connective nama cuta. Rigakafi da tsarin Kwayoyin suna canza ba a abun da ke ciki, amma su ne kamar yadda aka "reprogrammed." A sakamakon haka, da suka fara zuwa hamayya da kwayoyin ta mallaka kyallen takarda. Granulocytes sauri balagagge, kuma kai-halaka. Exogenous dalilai a wannan harka ne m. rigakafi agranulocytosis ciwo ya auku a cikin irin pathologies kamar na tsari lupus erythematosus da rheumatoid amosanin gabbai. A lokaci guda gaira na neutrophils a hade tare da rashin sauran jini Kwayoyin.

Wani bambance-bambancen da cutar, wanda ya auku a kan bango na rigakafi tafiyar matakai, a hapten agranulocytosis. A wannan nau'i na pathological tsari kuma samar da wani antibody zuwa neutrophils. Banbancin shi ne abin da ake samar da su ne ba kadai, da kuma bayan shan wasu magunguna - hapten. Maimaita ci daga cikin wadannan abubuwa Yanã da wani rigakafi martani, inda ya bayyana a granulocytes halaka. A haptens iya aiki a matsayin wasu maganin rigakafi, antiinflammatory da hypoglycemic jamiái, barbiturates.

Description myelotoxic agranulocytosis

Myelotoxic agranulocytosis tasowa a sakamakon exogenous tsoma. Ya ko da yaushe a hade tare da erythromycin da thrombocytopenia. A mafi yawan lokuta, myelotoxic bambance-bambancen da cutar da ake dangantawa da daukan hotuna zuwa da tsoka da kuma jamiái ionizing radiation. Wadannan dalilai kai ga hanawa na hematopoiesis a cikin ƙananan matakai na ta ci gaba. Don da cytostatic kwayoyi da sa irin wannan dauki tana nufin cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, mercaptopurine, da dai sauransu D. hanawa na hematopoietic progenitor Kwayoyin take kaiwa zuwa wani raguwa a yawan granulocytes a cikin bargo. Wannan shi ne saboda da maturation na jini cuta germs.

Bugu da kari ga exogenous tsoma, rashin hematopoietic Kwayoyin tasowa a wasu jinsunan anemia da kuma cutar sankarar bargo. Wadannan dalilai sau da yawa ya sa agranulocytosis a yara. Sau da yawa, hematologic canje-canje ne hereditary. Misalai dauke hemolytic da aplastic anemia, Fanconi ta ciwo. M kuma na kullum myelogenous cutar sankarar bargo tasowa a cikin shimfiɗar jariri, da a cikin yawan balagaggun jama'a.

Agranulocytosis: cututtuka

Ƙarancin granulocytes tare da m asibiti manifestations. Suna iya zama daban-daban, dangane da tamkar cuta, wanda ya kai ga abin da ya faru na neutrophil rashi. Ta yaya agranulocytosis? Alamun cutar:

1. Mai tsananin rauni.
2. High zazzabi.
3. Lymphadenopathy.
4. Hepatosplenomegaly.
5. Necrotic raunuka na mucous membranes.
6. Hemorrhagic ciwo.

Hapten agranulocytosis, sabanin sauran siffofin, halin da wani m hanya. Marasa lafiya ji m da sauri tasowa a zazzabi, akwai sores a bakin. Damage gumis, tonsils, uvula, taushi da palate progresses, abu don nama necrosis. Yana yana tare da zafi, rashin iyawa na hadiya, wuce kima salivation.

Lokacin da myelotoxic agranulocytosis bambance-bambancen sau da yawa ci gaba zub da jini. Su suna da alaka ba kawai tare da ulceration na mucous membranes, amma kuma tare da platelet rashi. Alama hanci, gingival, igiyar ciki, gastrointestinal zub da jini. A fata bayyana hematoma. Saboda da miki-necrotic matakai a cikin hanji lura zawo, ciwon mara. A sakamakon muradinta na jini tasowa hemorrhagic ciwon huhu.

Canje-canje a cikin kima a wani agranulocytosis

Sau da yawa agranulocytosis ci gaban auku a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon daji, tsari da kuma tsanani cututtuka. Wannan ciwo za a iya da ake zargi da irin wannan halaye kamar yadda zazzabi, gajiya da kuma bayyanar ulcers a cikin bakinka. Shi ne mafi wuya ga gane asali nakasar agranulocytosis. A jini gwajin wajibi ne a yi a cikin tsanani pallor na fata na yaro, hemorrhagic manifestations. A gudanar da bincike akwai wani karu daga leukocytes (kasa da 1 × 10 ⁹ / l). shi ne sau da yawa hade da anemia da kuma thrombocytopenia.

Don gano, domin duk abin da dalili, ɓullo da hematological ciwo, yi immunogram huda da kuma bargo. Don gane asali da matsalolin da lalacewa ta hanyar wani rashi na granulocytes za'ayi instrumental bincike. Daga cikin su - da kirji X-ray, colonoscopy. Yana kuma bukatar gwani shawara - otolaryngologist, oncologist, likitan hakori, rheumatologist da gastroenterologist.

Pathology Hanyar magani

Bukatar haƙuri asibiti, idan sami agranulocytosis. Jiyya kunshi a zalunta ulcerous da necrotic saman antiseptic jamiái, maganin shafawa shirye-shirye. Don haƙuri ba a hõre da sakandare kamuwa da cuta, an sanya a cikin masallãci na isolator. Idan lalace hanji mucosa aka powered by da parenteral hanya.

Magunguna domin lura da agranulocytosis

Don hana ci gaban kamuwa da cuta (ciwon huhu, sepsis), da magungunan rigakafi da antifungal magunguna. Intravenously gudanar jini kayayyakin, musamman leukocyte taro. Lokacin da na rigakafi agranulocytosis nuna hormonal magunguna. Wadannan sun hada da "hydrocortisone" kwayoyi "Prednisolone". Idan ciwo ne ya sa ta hanawa na hematopoiesis, stimulatory wakili ne gudanar. Daga cikin su akwai bayani "Granocyte", "leucogen", "Virudan". Jiyya ne da za'ayi a cikin Hematology sashen.

Rigakafin agranulocytosis a yara da kuma manya

Rigakafin nakasar agranulocytosis hada farkon ganewa na cuta. Don wannan karshen, da yara yi CBC shekara. By hana matakan sun hada da kula da marasa lafiya da samun cytotoxic kwayoyi, anti-ciwon sukari magunguna. Idan wani m ya rigaya an lura hematological mayar da martani ga gwamnatin wasu kwayoyi, wadannan kwayoyi ba za a iya reappointed.

Forecast for rayuwa tare da agranulocytosis

A hangen nesa dogara a kan hanyar da ciwo. A mafi hatsari wani nau'i na hapten agranulocytosis, tun da shi ne hanzari tasowa nama necrosis. Autoimmune da myelotoxic lalacewar daman godiya ga canzawa far. Poor hangen nesa lura a cikin ci gaban da rikitarwa da tamkar Pathology. Daga cikin su - da m zub da jini, perforation na hanji bango, hemorrhagic ciwon huhu, sepsis.