Aka gyara da kuma jini kayayyakin

Magunguna da cewa an samu kai tsaye daga jini kanta, da ake kira jini kayayyakin. A sakamakon kasarun adadi iya muhimmanci fadada iyakoki na gene far, da kuma mafi muhimmanci - sa shi yiwuwa a yi amfani da takamaiman jini da jini da aka gyara, wanda ta yi gagarumin tasiri. Jini kayayyakin kasu kashi uku kungiyoyin: hadaddun mataki, immunoglobulins (immunologically aiki) da kuma hemostatic.

Shirye-shirye hadaddun mataki. jini

hadaddun mataki kwayoyi hada jini jini da kuma albumin. A sakamakon - samar da duka biyu hemodynamic da antishock mataki. Fresh daskararre jini ne Mafi rike duk siffofin, don haka ta yi amfani da shi ne mafi dace. Akwai sauran iri jini: bushe (daskare-busasshen) da ruwa ( 'yan qasar). A lokacin da masana'antu tsari, suka muhimmanci rasa su warkar Properties, don haka su yi amfani da shi ne ba kamar yadda tasiri. Fresh daskararre samu ta hanyar plasmapheresis ko da centrifugation na dukan jini, daskarewa auku bayan jini tarin daga wani mai bayarwa a farko 1-2 hours. Adana daskararre jini shirye-shirye na iya zama har zuwa shekara guda a yanayin zafi na daga 1 zuwa 25 digiri ko a kasa. A wannan lokacin, duk adana jini coagulation dalilai, fibrinolysis aka gyara anticoagulants.

Shiri ga jini transfussion

Drug jini ne sabo daskararre jini. Kafin fara transfussion, shi wajibi ne don shirya miyagun ƙwayoyi. Jini da aka thawed a dumi ruwa wanda zafin jiki ne ba fiye 37-38 digiri. Plastikatny jakar da biomaterial iya shimfiɗa hannuwansu zuwa bugun sama da tsari. A daidai da a haɗe umarnin, da thawed jini ya kamata a zuba a kan gaba hour. Bayan shiri da zai iya haddasa flakes na fibrin, amma shi ba ya hana ta ta hanyar transfussion plastikatnye misali tsarin cewa suna sanye take da tacewa.

Ba za ka iya zuba da jini idan ta samu m clots, gagarumin clouding - shaida da cewa da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne inganci. Kauce wa maimaita daskarewa da kuma thawing na sabo daskararre jini.

Da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne Ya sanya daga jinin mutum ya kamata ba za a zuba daga daya jakar zuwa dama marasa lafiya. Har ila yau, da jini ba za a iya bar for wani m hanya bayan plastikatny jakar da aka depressurized. Idan haƙuri sensebilizirovan zuwa parenteral gwamnati na ayyuka na gina jiki, shi ne counter to zuba sabo daskararre jini jini. Don hana pathological halayen dauki nazarin halittu samfurori, kazalika da transfussion na dukan jini.

transfussion

Fresh daskararre jini, wanda aka zuba haƙuri ya kamata a dauka daga wani mutum da wannan jini kungiyar a matsayin haƙuri, bisa ga AB0 tsarin. A gaggawa, idan babu wani odnogruppnoy jini, da wadannan haduwa ana halatta:

• Jini: Group A (II) - da haƙuri: jini kungiyar 0 (I)
• Jini: A rukunin (III) - da haƙuri: jini kungiyar 0 (I)
• Jini: kungiyar AB (IV) - da haƙuri: jini wani.

Gwaje-gwaje don karfinsu kungiyar ba da za'ayi. jini kayayyakin (jini transfusions) Ana nuna a:

• trombogemorragicheskih syndromes
• ƙona marasa lafiya,
• kwamin na tara tafiyar matakai,
• hemorrhagic diathesis: ciki har da hemophilia irin A da B,
• murkushe syndromes,
• a taro hemorrhages (a kan 25%), jini transfussion tare da ja Kwayoyin guda biyu taro.

Aiyuka da kuma sabo ne daskararre jini ga zalunta marasa lafiya da maimaita thrombosis na jini, yawanci a kan bango na streptokinase ko wasu fibrinolytic shirye-shirye.

albumin

Irin wannan kwayoyi jini kayayyakin kamar albumin, suna samuwa a matsayin mafita daga taro 5, 10, da 20%. Protein ana amfani tare da tsarkake albumin, haka shi ya ƙunshi alpha da beta globulins. albumin bayani bayan gabatarwar a cikinta, daga cakosoban jure pasteurization. Kuma yana taimaka wa inactivate ƙwayoyin cuta cutar HIV da kuma hepatitis. Albumin da ake amfani a daban-daban na tura - m, traumatic, konewa. Gudanar ta kumburi, wanda ake sa ta cuta a cikin jini da furotin da abun da ke ciki, tare da manyan asarar albumin a cikin hanta (ascites, cirrhosis, konewa). Albumin a mayar da hankali mafita aka yi amfani a lokacin da shi wajibi ne don rage ƙarar na ruwa gabatar a cikin wani kwayoyin (ga zuciya rashin cin nasara, cerebral edema).

5% taro na jini shiri (albumin) da ake amfani da jini da asarar a lokacin da ake bukata daidaita jini. Lokacin shigar da da albumin da gagarumin jini da asarar bukatar a hade tare da transfussion na ja Kwayoyin. A na yara albumin mafi yawan amfani da matsayin 10% bayani.

immunoglobulin

Magani jini kayayyakin - immunoglobulin - dokoki ne babban rukuni na immunological shirye-shirye. Su aiki da cututtuka. A asibiti yi, da aka fi amfani gamma globulin. Specific kayayyakin samun mafi girma warkewa sakamako, suna umarni da tetanus, Tick-haifa encephalitis, mura da kuma sauran cututtuka.

Shafi sosai immunoglobulin da magani daga idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Kwayoyi a cikin wannan kungiya suna gudanar intramuscularly. Girma sakamako amfanin tsarki immunoglobulins ake gudanar intravenously. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa furotin nan da nan ta shiga cikin jini, kuma ba ya wuce mataki na narkewa da nama proteases.

Hemostatic kwayoyi a cututtuka na jini

Hemostatic kwayoyi - mai fibrinogen protrombirovanny hadaddun cryoprecipitate. A karshen ƙunshi babban adadin Antihemophilic globulin (in ba haka ba - Sabunta-coagulation factor) da kuma von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen da factor XIII-fibrinstabiliziruyuschego da sauran gurbata da sunadarai. Wadannan kwayoyi su ne don jini magani a roba bags, vials a bushe ko daskarewa. Ana amfani da a von Willebrand cuta, hemophilia A da sauran iri zub da jini.

Mene ne jini kayayyakin amfani a cikin hemorrhagic cuta da jariri, hemophilia B, yawan abin sama na anticoagulants? A cikin wadannan lokuta protrombirovanny hadaddun da ake amfani (CSF ko PPSB). A cikin rashi, ya gabatar sabo daskararre jini.

Fibrinogen yana da wata iyaka ikon yinsa, daga aikace-aikace, shi ne amfani ne kawai ga zub da jini, wanda yake cikin hanyar fibrinogen rashi. A lokuta hypofibrinogenaemia, wanda shi ne saboda thrombus ciwo, canzawa colorless gina jiki samar sabo daskararre jini. Tsarkakakku fibrinogen ba sikẽli da na halitta coagulants kuma a cikin jini iya hõre coagulation, da kuma wannan zai iya inganta koda da na huhu gazawar. Don yin sama da shortfall ce bangaren, shi ne mafi alhẽri amfani da jini.

Haemostatics amfani topically

Same hanyar jini kayayyakin an gabatar da yafi intravenously, ko da yake akwai wani rukuni na hemostatic jamiái cewa ana amfani da topically - yayin da tsayawa waje na jini, wanda zai iya faruwa a lokacin tiyata. Irin wannan jamiái hada hemostatic soso, fibrin film, thrombin, antiseptic swab, da sauran halittu. Da muhimman hakkokin sakamako yana thrombin. Ana sa da samuwar clots cewa thrombosing lumens na jini a fagen zub da jini. Very ingantaccen amfani hemostatics for hemostasis a parenchymal gabobin lalace saman.

Fibrin Sponges da kuma fina-finan da godiya ta zuwa ga inji Properties, an yi amfani da ba kawai ga zub da jini Tashoshi. Kamar yadda roba abu, da suka da aka yi amfani da magani na venous ulcers, da kuma konewa. A neurosurgery fibrin film advantageously amfani a maye Dura rashi.

Bayan sama da shirye-shirye, akwai wadanda suke da stimulatory dũkiyarsu da kuma antianemic. Wadannan sun hada da Bio-stimulator "Polibiolin" da "ERIGO".

jijiyoyin bugun gini cututtuka

Pathological jijiyoyin bugun gini da yanayin bayyana a lokuta da asarar sassauci a lokacin da suka zama gaggautsa ko compacted saboda da jari na gubobi a gare su. Akwai da wadannan cututtuka: migraine, atherosclerosis wanda zai iya sa bugun jini, jijiyoyin bugun gini dystonia. A kowane zamani, da asarar elasticity na jini da kuma su toshewa na haƙuri ne fuskantar da wadannan cututtuka:

• memory hanawa da shafi tunanin mutum alertness.
• barci disturbances.
• ci gaban da ciki, tabarbarewar morale.
• numbness.
• kullum gajiya.
• m juwa.

Har ila yau, sa wani matsalar aiki na samfur na tasoshin iya zama kashin baya da rauni da kuma mahaifa osteochondrosis. A wannan yanayin, zai iya yiwuwa a lalace vertebral jijiya cewa ciyarwar da kwakwalwa. Da farko kana bukatar ka sami da kuma kawar da dalili, watau, su bi da kashin baya, sa'an nan kuma magance tasoshin: .. Kwayoyi kawai dan lokaci canja azãba mai bayyanar cututtuka.

Kwayoyi ga jini

Shirye-shirye domin lura da zuciya da jini na kwakwalwa ne daban-daban, shi duka dogara a kan manufa da mataki. Kowane mutum na da nasu kewayon aikace-aikace. Mafi mashahuri kungiyar da kwayoyi suna dauke su mafita don inganta cerebral wurare dabam dabam, jijiyoyin bugun gini dilatation. Raba wadannan kwayoyi a cikin uku kungiyoyin:

• myotropic (hūta m tsokoki) - shi ne "Dibazol", "Eufillin".
• neurotropic (effects a jijiya Kwayoyin) - a "reserpine", "Validol".
• nitrates (a hade da biyu ka'idojin aikin) - shi ne "Nitrosorbit", "Nitroglycerin".

Dangane da abun da ke ciki da kuma yana da sakamako na 'yan ware kungiyoyin:

• Alli blockers. Alli ions, wanda yin jini mafi m, wuya da kuma sa takaita. Yawancin wadannan kwayoyi don inganta cerebral wurare dabam dabam. Cututtuka na zuciya kamata ba za a amfani. Alli blockers suna kasu uku zamaninsu. A farko dogara ne a kan uku babban aka gyara (nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem). Don biyu ƙarni kwayoyi ne "Klentiazem", "tiapamil", "Nimodipine". Kuma da uku ne "Amlodipine" "Norvasc". A abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin karshen ne cewa suna da m gefen effects, ne zabe da kuma tsawo.
• Magunguna shuka-tushen. Babban amfani - a mafi žarancin contraindications da illa. Taimaka spasms. Inganta jini ya kwarara.
• Shirye-shirye dauke da nicotinic acid, taimaka rage cholesterol a cikin jini, domin rage hadarin plaque samuwar. M game da manyan jini, shafi na kananan capillaries. Wadannan magunguna ya kamata a dauka kawai a kan takardar sayen magani a cikin magani, saboda su ne mafi sharri a gare da hanta (nicotinic acid, "Enduratin").
• Zuciya magunguna. Irin wannan kwayoyi inganta kwakwalwa da kuma abinci cardiac aiki lokaci guda normalize jijiyoyin zuciya tasoshin. Sanya a kan tushen da Lily na kwari, foxglove, Adonis ( "Amrinon", "Kardiovalen", "adonizid").

Sauran kwayoyi domin lura da jini cuta

A shirye-shiryen da sukari a cikin jini ne wani muhimmin bangaren da miyagun ƙwayoyi far a matsayin wani ɓangare Kompeks events cewa faru a lura da ciwon sukari. Ba dukan mutane ne damar kula da wata al'ada jini glucose matakin da daidai da abinci da kuma yin motsa jiki.

Fama da ciwon sukari da ya dauki wani likita ta nada kwayoyi da runtse jini sukari. Likita lurid daki-daki, ga hanya na lura da daidai sashi. Hypoglycemic jamiái kasu kashi uku kungiyoyin:

• Kwayoyi da kunna insulin daga pancreas.
• Kwayoyi da kara insulin ji na ƙwarai.
• Kwayoyi da rage sha na carbohydrates.

Mafi mashahuri ne na farko rukuni na kwayoyi da bunkasa samar da insulin da pancreas, wadda take kaiwa zuwa wani raguwa a jini sugar matakai. Wadannan sun hada da "Amarin", "Manini", "Novonorm", "Diabeton". Wadannan kwayoyi ya kamata a wajabta kawai da likita. Kowane jiki ne daban-daban, mutane da amsa daban. Wasu ba su ji da warkewa sakamako, jini sugar zauna a wannan matakin. A irin haka ne, likita ya duba magani da kuma rubũta wasu magunguna ko canja sashi.

Iron kayayyakin ga jini. Tare da kasawa da baƙin ƙarfe a cikin jini ba zai iya samar da so adadin haemoglobin, wanda ya bada canja wurin tsari erythrocytes oxygen daga cikin huhu zuwa duk kyallen takarda. Zo oxygen yunwa. A sakamakon wannan - anemia. Modern kwayoyi da inganta jini amfani da su bi anemia, dauke a cikin abun da ke ciki da ake bukata adadin baƙin ƙarfe, wanda shi ne iya maido da hematopoiesis. Tare da abinci ne ba zai yiwu ba a cimma irin wannan m sakamako. Drug kashi na baƙin ƙarfe wuce yiwu assimilation na yau da kullum darajar Ferrum jiki 20 sau. Saboda haka cewa ƙoƙarin cika baƙin ƙarfe da cutar a jihar ta amfani kawai da lafiya abinci za a ba da ake so sakamakon. Muna bukatar musamman kwayoyi.

1. Yana nufin, wanda shi ne yanzu a cikin abun da ke ciki a cikin nau'i na ferrous sulfate salts, dauke da bitamin da za su iya inganta narkewa da sha na so fili. A mafi m kwayoyi su ne:

• kwaya "Tardiferron", "Sorbifer durules".
• Capsules "Ferrofolgamma" "Ferretab" "Fenyuls".
• Capsules yara, syrup, saukad "Aktiferrin".
• hade a cikin wani bayani na baƙin ƙarfe gluconate, manganese da tutiya - "Totem".
• Kwayoyi "gemofer".
• sanannun amfani delicacy "Hematogen".

2. Medicaments wanda dauke da ferric baƙin ƙarfe. A alama ne da yin amfani da irin wannan shirye-shirye a cikin nau'i na baƙin ƙarfe hydroxide polimaltozata:

• Allunan "Ferrum Lek", "Maltofer", "Biofer".
• syrup bayani saukad "Fenyuls" "Maltofer" "Ferlatum".
• mafita ga intramuscular hali "Ferrum Lek", "Maltofer", "Argeferr", "Venofer", "Kosmofer".

Injections suna amfani idan haƙuri yana da wata cuta daga cikin gastrointestinal fili, raunuka na kananan tasoshin, kazalika da Shots aka nuna da manyan jini hasãra. Domin igiyar jini hanya na gwamnati ne zai yiwu bayyananen thrombophlebitis shiri.