Abrek - wanda shi ne wannan? Waɗanda suke kiran, da kuma abin da yake da ma'anar wannan kalma?

Abrek da ake kira tashi a Mountain rai daga ikon da dokar, abu mai secretive rayuwa, kuma lokaci-lokaci aikata predatory hare-hare. A Arewa Caucasus al'ummai abrek - wani irin gudun hijira, wanda ga laifi da ya jagoranci cikin ɓata da rabin predatory rayuwa. Kuma abin da game da wadannan haruffa gaya labarin? Kamar yadda zato, kalmar "abrek" ya zo daga sunan Ossetian "abyraeg" ko "Abregov", wanda yake nufin "wanderer". Daga baya, cikin nadi "abrek" sannu-sannu ya zama riskarsa kamar wani "dan daba" da kuma "ɗan fashi kuma."

wallafe-wallafen kawayeniya

Rasha jama'a ne quite lokaci mai tsawo ya dube Highlanders ta cikin Prism na wani poetic. Popular sau da yawa shi ne ayyukan da Rasha kasida da marubuta sun taimaka wajen haifar da sihiri images of da "yara daga duwãtsu", kamar Kazbich, Ismail Bey, kuma Hadji Murad. A tsawon shekaru, a poetic flair more kuma mafi fashi shiga cikin abu wulakantacce. Yana da aka maye gurbinsu da matsananci real litattafan. Ta yaya ya zama mai kyau da kuma romantic doki-kõma look babu maza a cikin duwatsu, a cikin zukatan wasu mutane, sai suka zauna da tsoro da rashin so a magance su.

Description ba tare da romance

Rasha hukumomi a cikin Caucasus da fuska abrekskim motsi. Amma a farkon karni na XIX Bronevsky a cikin classic littafin "Caucasians" sosai da kyau da kuma authentically bayyana fashi crafts tuddai. Ya bayyana yadda Chechens, risking nasa rai, ya haye kogin Terek da kwanaki 2-3 jiran bayyanar da hanya m m ko jami'in. Kuma jiran, sun kai hari da shi, daura da wani log kuma, da ita hawa ta hanyar da iko dutsen rafi a mallakarsu. Bayan da suka zo daga wajen sadarwa tare da hukumomin ko kusantar dangi na sace da nema fansa. Popular sau da yawa, don su kwashe su sun iya taimakawa wajen fitar da kyau kudi. Kuma haka aka maye gurbinsu da gaskiya daga cikin kalmar "abrek" darajar tare da m zuwa tsananin m.

Causal asalin

Masana tarihi kokarin su raba duk outlaws a cikin kungiyoyin biyu. A abun da ke ciki na farko ne halin kamar haka: abrek - shi ne wanda ya taka leda sau daya a kan mulkin mallaka da manufofin na tsarism kuma ta conductors. Na biyu kungiyar hada da saba 'yan baranda da hannu ɗan fashi masu zuwa da kuma looting don samun riba. Duk da haka, wannan hanyoyin da farko, Na biyu, da kuma sa su kan daidai da laifi. "Siyasa laifi" Rasha Cossacks da kuma ikon da Arewa County outlaws taba gani.

Jera a kan predatory kama kifi Highlanders tura dalilan tattalin arziki, domin a duwatsun nawa aiki ko zuba jari, shi ne ba amfanin gona mai kyau zuwa ga girma. Kuma ba tsĩrar da dabbõbi kiwo aiki. Kuma a fili, sun kasance masu zunubi. Wannan ya kai ga gaskiya cewa maza a duwãtsu kuskure ya kai hare-hare a kan sace-sace da kuma. Daga cikin kankara suka gina hasumiya, dutse, wanda ya ɓoye wani baƙo sace shanu. Duk da yake har ma da wasu daji haife mulki: idan kana da lokacin da za a fitar da sata shanu ko tumaki a cikin hasumiya da kuma rufe ƙofofi, da cewa wadannan dabbobi zama naku.

Daga aika mugunta to aika mugunta

Tun da ƙarshen XIX karni da yawa lokuta Brigandage fara yada a kan ƙasa da Terek yankin, wanda ya yi girma a cikin wani matsala wajen tsanani rabbai. Alal misali, a gare 1910 da ya aikata shi 3650 m predatory harin. Tare da la'akari kama daga m mazaunan, halaka gwamnati da jami'ai, da kai hari a kan wani jirgin kasa, stagecoach, a kan Baitul da kuma bankunan zuwa Stores, kuma shagunan da kayayyaki, tsanaki thefts na shanu, da na dawakai - sun kawai aka jera cemented a mutane amincewa da cewa abrek - shi mugunta da hargitsi, daga wanda kusan babu kariya. Amma ba duk sun kasance haka, kuma a kasa muka gabatar kwatanta mutane biyu, biyu masu zunubi daga jama'a, kuma ka zana naka karshe.

Osman abrek Mutu (Groznenskiy District)

Osman mallakar wani shahararren Chechnya iyali, da zarar wanda ya zama sananne a cikin yaki a karkashin jagorancin Shamil. Career soja da 'yan tawaye sufi da aka ba su da sha'awar a Man. Ya yi karatu a Grozny, kuma ya so ya zama mai kyau fassara zuwa samu shiga cikin aikin farar hula. A asarar iyaye tilasta wannan saurayi ya manta game da karatu da kuma komawa zuwa ƙasarsa ta kauye, inda kauyen riga ya yarda da shi ba kamar yadda ya, amma a matsayin "dan hanya". Osman kawai yin iyakar hadu, amma yin wani abu ba bisa ka'ida ba da aka taba a cikin ransa.

Kuma a lokacin da gundumar gwamnati dangane da girma aika mugunta da kuma m lokuta na looting bukaci sallama "mugun mambobi" ga ɗebe su a Siberia, sa'an nan m kauyen ya ba da kisan kiyashin na Osman da kuma duk wadanda babu daya, su yi cẽto. Daga Siberia ya tsere, kuma ba ya boye, ya zo ne domin ikon da bukatar gudanar da bincike da kuskure. Duk da yake shugaban yankin yi aiki a matsayin Janar lokacin farin ciki. Ya gaskiya kusata batun, yi nazari a kan yanayin da hukuma gane Osman laifi. Amma su rayu cikin salama sake, ba su ba shi dukkan wannan kauyukan da suke sake rubuta a kan ƙarya la'anta. Kuma Siberia sake tserewa. Amma a lokacin da ya koma kasarsa, yanzu Mutu bace zuwa duwatsu.

Chechnya "Dubrovsky"

Saboda haka, abin da aka yi tunani watsa kalmar "abrek"? Ma'anar kalmar da aka akai-akai a hade tare da tsada, a cikin hali na Osman Mutuevym. Wanda aka azabtar da mutum cin amana, Osman ba taurare zuciya da kuma ba zama embittered. Fasaha da gaskiya mutum - a kan wadannan da kuma riko da duniya - ya zama mai nemawa dukkan zãlunci offended. Domin wannan ya kasance ko da yaushe maraba da ma da ake kira da yarima. Kuma kawai wani iyali, da zarar kushe Osman, har yanzu ci gaba da wasa kashe shi ikon, caji da kuma riqon to shi duk da cewa an yi wasu brigands. Osman aka kashe a wani share, shirya da hukumomin na gaba m denunciation.

abrek Buƙatun

A dutsen jeri na Caucasus iya duba karshe, za ka iya yin mafi m da kyau hotuna. abrek, bayyana a kan wannan kyakkyawan bango, a daya batu tilasta manta game da duk lyrics. Buƙatun - cikakken bambanci ga Osman. Ya tsere daga kurkuku a kudin mutane da dama kisan kai, ya tafi ya shiga brigands. Buƙatun wani short, bakin ciki, da kuma wani fushi magana a kan fuskarsa da dukan adadi, ya kama da biri.

A rarrabe da laifin - ferocious, tausayi da kuma m tura zuwa kisan kai, wani lokacin da ya aikata ba ko da fashi da wadanda aka ci zarafinsu. Irin wannan abrek - shi ne mai dabba a cikin surar mutum. Ikirarin firgita da Rasha, da kuma a kan dutsen yawan jama'a. Mun ƙi shi duka, ko da kuwa kasa. The mutum-dabba duk biya ma fiye da m irin.

ƙarshe

A kalma, da ake kira bidar, ba su amince da dokokin al'umma, ko kuma kawai don yana so ya zama a waje da shi, ya samu a kan lokaci, korau launi. Abrekov tsoron. Amma kamar yadda sauran wurare, wasu mutane suna haife kuma zama, wasu suna canza kama zuwa dabbobi. Watakila shi ke ba, yanayi, da kuma a cikin ƙarfi da kuma nobility na ruhu?