Superfluous Man a cikin wallafe-wallafe. Rasha litattafansu

Wallafe-wallafe - shi ne a matsayin mai yawa a kimiyya, kamar kowa, kawai mafi ban sha'awa. Shi ma yana da wani wuri daban-daban sukayi fassara. Kowane mutum ne saba da siffar "Turgenev ta yarinya", amma har yanzu shi ne mafi m hanya na superfluous mutumin a Rasha wallafe-wallafe. Yana da lokaci don samun san shi sosai.

Wanda ya sau daya mutum?

Superfluous Man a cikin adabi - shi ne mai wallafe-wallafen hali, wanda aka sau da yawa samu a cikin ayyukansu na Rasha artists 1840-1850-ies. Irin wannan mutum ne talented da kuma shi ne mai cancanta wakilin 'yan adam. Saboda yawan hali da shi ba zai iya yi ta full m a Rasha.

Features

Superfluous mutumin a Rasha adabi sau da yawa nasa ne babba aji na al'umma. Duk da haka, ya rabu da tsada da kuma burokrasi, wanda aka dauke da bayi a wasu hanya. Allah wadai da mutanen da ke kewaye da shi da kuma ciwon ba real damar gane su m, irin wannan mutum ciyarwa duk kayayyakin lokaci a idleness, kallo ko idi. Hakika, wannan hanya ta rayuwa ga wani mutum, cike da high akida da tunani, shi ne m, saboda yana jefa shi a cikin wani hallakaswa rashin nishaɗi. Domin wannan dalili ne, harafin daukan wani amfani a cãca, wanda baya ɓãta ta, ko kalubalanci zuwa duel a wata 'yar alamar tsokanar, kawai don ko ta yaya sarrafa su blokluyu m rayuwa.

Babban fasali na superfluous mutum - shi ne:

• rashin iyawa ya dauki alhakin su kalmomi da kuma a aikace;
• m shakka.
• m rawa a cikin al'umma;
• babban burinsu.
• shafi tunanin mutum senility.
• penchant ga ma'abũcin mataki da kuma tunani.

Saboda haka, za mu iya cewa kiba mutane - wannan zama wani sosai amorphous da rashin himma, amma m ya tabbatar da muhimmancin da cancantarsa da iyawa ta hankali. A cikin adabi na marigayi XIX karni, wannan hoton da aka jera sung da kuma tattauna a daki-daki.

Ta yaya?

Images na karin mutane a cikin adabi fara bayyana bayan 1850 Turgenev buga "Diary of a superfluous Man." Yana da babban harafin - takaici da kuma m Rasha bafadan - A daura da saba ra'ayi. Very da sauri, wannan image zo a cikin Vogue a Rasha marubuta wanda da farin ciki duƙufa dukan ayyukansu. Amma aikinsu ya kasance sun fi mayar da autobiographical, shi ya sa ka yi mãmãki.

uba

Hoton na da wani superfluous Man a cikin adabi da aka daidaita ga Evgeniem Oneginym. Duk da cewa ya zo kafin da kuma bayan shi, bai kai haka daidai da sama-sama duk da hankula fasali na wani hali. Ta yaya ya ya? Onegin Aleksandra Pushkina ne mai cancanta wakilin lokaci, ko da daya daga cikin mafi kyau. Shi ne haziqai, mai kaifin basira da kuma. Bugu da kari, shi yana da fadi da kewayon moriyar (ilmin taurari, tarihi, magani, falsafa). A wani batu ya sami amsar, da sauƙi, kuma ta halitta tallafawa kananan talk. Da ban sha'awa sosai, kuma m karanta Eugene hirar da Lena game da halin kirki, addini ko kimiyya. A gwarzo yana da ko da m muradin ka yi wani abu nauyi, to bar baya da wani alama. Eugene, misali, kokarin kadan don yin rayuwa sauki ga manoma. Abin baƙin ciki, duk wannan shi ne kawai dan kadan abu da aka rasa a bango na duk rayuwa, saboda mafi yawan shi, ya ƙone ta hanyar daraja lokaci, yin wani iri-iri na wawanci. Babban tasiri a kan harafin exerts Petersburg - washe kuma maras ɗa'a. Shi ne tsakanin wadannan mutane girma da balaga da hali Eugene. Ya gane ba ya son su yi jihãdi ga wani abu da kuma ba zai iya son wani da dukan zuciyarka. Wayar da kan jama'a na wannan kara depresses Onegin. Duk da wannan, a ko'ina cikin littafin, ya canza. A littafin ƙare a kan wani m bayanin kula, saboda babban harafin akwai sauran bege ga ruhaniya Tarurrukan.

misalai

Subject superfluous mutumin a cikin adabi ne da na kowa. A mafi m karin mutane - yana da Eugene Onegin (A. S. Pushkin), Pechorin (M. Lermontov) da kuma Chatsky (A. Griboyedov). Kira heroes fãra more a cikin haruffa na Byron, wanda ya rayu a zamanin da romanticism. Juyin Halitta wuce haddi harafin da aka gani a irin ayyukan matsayin "Wãne ne ya zargi", kazalika da farkon ayyukan riga mai suna Turgenev (Chulkaturin Rudin, Lavretsky).

Romance a gaskiya

Superfluous Man a cikin adabi - wanda shi ne ya? Kamar yadda ka sani, da bike ba ya bukatar ya fara harkokin, muna bukatar kawai dubi da shi daga wani daban-daban kwana. Kiba mutane - shi ya dade saba mana romantic hali wanda yana dauke da marubucin na wani madubi na gaskiya. A cikin ayyukan da marubucin ba yabon halinsa, wanda aka jefa overboard al'umma rai. Ya daina bayyana adawa da dabi'ar mutum da kuma da dama yanayi. Saboda category na karin mutane da mawallafa sarrafa to dubi cikin yiwu Sanadin rarrabuwa, kokarin tantance su da kuma neman hanyar fita. Da yawa da hankali ne ya biya zuwa Psychology daga wadannan mutane, su bayyana na hankali, ji da kuma hali. Kwatanta wannan duka, da mawallafa ba kokarin kawo wasu darussa da koyar da wani abu, to bayyana halin kirki. Umarni sautin da aka rasa, da hanyar ne ya bude bincike da kuma tunani.

Halayyar siffofin daga cikin ayyukan

Karin mutane a cikin adabi na karni na 19th ne saboda amfani marubuta kansu ga mutum rai, da damuwa da kuma mũnãnan ayyuka. A binciken ciki duniya m ilimi mutum ne mai muhimmanci siffa daga dukan ayyukan da Rasha da labarun almara. Superfluous Man a cikin adabi na dogon lokaci shiga rayuwar yau da kullum na marubuta da kuma masu sukar. Wannan ra'ayi ya zama batu na nazari, da kuma tunani ga masana kimiyyar zaman takewa da sauran mutane na adabi yanayi.

Sanadin

Sanadin karin mutane a cikin adabi na karni na 19th suna kafe a cikin matsalolin da marubuta da kansu. Domin daidai da gaskiya da wani abu a kan takarda, shi wajibi ne da cewa shi ne a ciki. Ƙirƙiri ko fito da wani abu daga waje ne ba zai yiwu ba. Literary halittawa ne suka kasance cike da masu matsaloli da kuma azabar da ake dangana ga su heroes. Zai yiwu sun duk sun ba don haka a fili bayyana, amma lokacin da na fara fahimta a kansu, sai suka yi iya kawo su haruffa a jihar na koli da kuma samun wata hanya ta ƙaruwa.

Kowane mutum zuwa wasu har ne "superfluous." Kowane akalla wani lokacin ji da kansa ya zama, don haka wannan shi ne matsalar ga mutane da yawa. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa adabi kwatanta azabar karin mutane, ya zama wani classic. Shin wannan batu sosai zai zama ko da yaushe a bukatar? A ci gaba da adabi a cikin wannan yanki shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa sabon mawallafa bayyana mutãne waɗanda ba su shige zuwa cikin zaman jama'a da kuma bukatunsu frameworks. Tare da wadannan ya bayyana a kowace shekara fiye da more, da kuma kowane wata 'yar duniya domin m, kuma m marubuci.

Shi ne kuma dole mu fahimci cewa kiba mutane a cikin adabi ta taso saboda gaskiyar cewa nuna taro sabon abu. M manyansu da kuma gidan haya bai san abin da ya zauna da kansu. Sun ki haifi 'ya'ya wanda aka kawo a cikin ruhu na idleness da indolence. Bã su da wani burin da bukatun. Sa'ad da mutum ya ke tsiro, a irin wannan yanayi, shi ba zai iya taimaka amma yin tunãni a kan gaba hoto na duniya da kuma na rayuwa da kanta. Wani lokaci da karin mutum ya gaske a gani na ban mamaki da kuma na musamman hali, amma mafi yawansu duk ya nufi da dukan rukuni na mutane, wanda ya ke nuni da ma demonstrative domin samun kusa da shi a cikin wallafe-wallafe.

Tasiri a kan wasu

Superfluous Man a cikin adabi ne halin da cewa kawo mai yawa zafi da wahala ga waɗanda suke ƙaunar su. Sau da yawa da shi ya shafi mata da suke imbued tare da fatan ji daga cikin gwarzo. Babban matsalar da ke cikin karin mutane cewa su ne ba dole ba kuma iya shige zuwa cikin zaman jama'a da kuma aikin tsarin da duniya a cikin abin da akwai. Yana da wadannan haruffa bayyana a marubuta da kuma part-time jami'an (AI Goncharov, A. Pisemsky). A cikin littafin Lva Tolstogo "yaki da zaman lafiya" alkuki superfluous mutumin daukan lokaci mai tsawo Per Bezuhov. Ya gwarzo ne m na rayuwa, kamar yadda mayar da dukan mugunta da kuma ha'inci, wanda ya samu halartar. Maimakon rai a hakikanin rai, da kuma cikakken shiga a cikin shi, sai ya an sayen zane-zane, da na sha da yawa, kuma ya yi tafiya, da kuma shiga cikin duniyar littattafai.

Karin mutane yawanci sosai talented da kuma fasaha, amma saboda dalilai daban-daban ba za su iya bayyana kansu a cikin al'umma. Duk da wannan take kaiwa zuwa wani m ciki da koran su zuwa ga caca gidaje da kuma sauran m wurare. Sau da yawa sosai cikin rãyuwar irin wannan mutum da aka kare a wata mai ban tausayi rubutu: su aka kashe a cikin wani duel, kashe kansa ko zama wadanda ke fama da sauran al'amura.

Summing up sakamakon da labarin, ina so in ce cewa Rasha litattafansu - ne mai babbar tsaron ɗakunan ajiya na amfani da umarni bayanai. Duk wanda yake son ya san kansa da kuma duniya kewaye da mu kadan ya fi, kawai dole samun Masana musamman ayyukan Rasha Masters na kalma.