A zamani tattalin arzikin na Belarus

A kasa tattalin arzikin na Jamhuriyar Belarus, bisa ga jihar ra'ayi, shi ne a harkar-daidaitacce, bude, fitarwa-daidaitacce, tare da gagarumin kimiyya da m m. A Soviet sau da yankin da aka kira "taron shagon" na kasar, wanda Belarus ne ga wannan rana, ajiye kusa da kasuwanci da hulda da Rasha, Ukraine da kuma wasu CIS kasashe.

tattalin arziki Manuniya

Tun lokacin da tattalin arzikin na Belarus sigar bude fitarwa-daidaitacce, sa'an nan an sosai shafi waje dalilai hawa da sauka na duniya, da kuma musamman da Rasha tattalin arzikin. A sakamakon na duniya rikicin, da stagnation da masana'antu na Rasha Federation saboda takunkumi da kuma rushewar darajar hydrocarbons, "nitsewa" Ukrainian kasuwar sun m duk yankuna na kasar. Akwai ya kasance mai dakushe GDP, da weakening na da Belarushiyanci ruble, tanã fita rashin aikin yi, da kuma yadda wani sakamako - Tutar rai ya deteriorated markedly.

Don sanin matakin ci gaban tattalin arziki da kuma tattalin arziki yi ya shafi asali da tattalin arziki nuna alama -} asashensu. A 2014 Belarus 'kasa tattalin arzikin ya samu kyau kwarai yi na GDP - fiye da 77 dala biliyan, ko game da $ 8,000 per mutum. Don kwatanta: a 2010 GDP ne kawai a kan $ 60 biliyan ($ 6,100 per mutum). Duk da haka, wadannan ci gaba da aka sanya su fashe a karshen 2014 shiyya rikicin. Mai yiwuwa, kudi results for 2015 zai zama ƙasa da ban sha'awa.

GDP tsarin

Kamar yadda kafin, da manyan taimako ga ci gaban da Belarushiyanci tattalin arzikin sanya masana'antu kansu. Yana lissafinsu kwata na GDP. Tare da biyu lokaci fada bayan bi ta cinikayya da kuma gina. Statistics for 2014 ne kamar haka:

• masana'antu - 24%.
• cinikayya - 12,1%.
• haraji a kan kayayyakin - 12,1%.
• yi - 10.4%.
• sadarwa da sufuri - 7.9%.
• noma da kuma da gandunan daji - 7.1%.
• wasu sassa - 25,8%.

Top ciniki abokan: Rasha (40% na fitarwa da kuma 50% na shigo), Turai (30% na fitarwa da kuma game da 20% na shigo), musamman, Ukraine, da Netherlands, Great Britain, Lithuania, Jamus, Italiya, Poland. Da kuzari tasowa cinikayya tare da kasar Sin, Brazil, Venezuela, Kazakhstan, India, Turkiya da kuma sauran ƙasashe.

kasuwar tattalin arzikin

Belarus a matsayin manufa zamantakewa da tattalin arziki model na ci gaba da la'akari da zamantakewa da daidaitacce version of kasuwar Sin. Belarus ta tattalin arzikin dogara ne a kan:

• kullawa na sirri hakkoki da abubuwan da yanci ya na 'yan kasa.
• fifiko, mutane ta so don inganta jin dadin su.
• samar da karfi na zamantakewa kariya.
• free sha'anin;
• walwalar na daban-daban sassa na tattalin arziki aiki;
• ci gaba na gasar.
• inganta kasa da kasa rabo daga aiki.

A mataki na farko na sabon ci gaba ta amfani da kai tsaye gwamnati tsari a wuraren da kasuwar shi ne ainihin kai-tsari ne m. Har ila yau muhimmanci shi ne m ci gaban da hannu na waje da kuma na cikin gida zuba jari.

Matsalar asarar-yin Enterprises

A Belarus, da rabo daga marasa amfani baki ɗaya kungiyoyi a kowace shekara jeri daga 20-25%, mafi yawa a babban kuma matsakaici birane, Grodno, Minsk da Smolevichi gundumomi, yafi a cikin cinikin da jama'a catering, jera a cikin masana'antar. Don inganta riba wajibi ne don yanke halin kaka don samar, don rage ta amfani da kayan da makamashi.

tsarin da tattalin arzikin

Tattalin arziki na Jamhuriyar Belarus ƙaddara da rabo daga mutum aka gyara na da gona da kuma dangantaka tsakanin su. Tun shekarar 2011, Belarus amfani da sabon rarrabuwa na tattalin arziki da ayyukan. A bambanci ga reshe (Soviet) rabo daga cikin tattalin arziki, shi ne a yanzu duk daban-daban na tattalin arziki da ayyukan da aka raba hako ma'adinai da quarrying, da kuma masu samar da sabis.

By extracting hada da mai fadi da kewayon filayen na aiki, alaka da samar da kayayyakin gona, farauta, da gandunan daji da kuma kamun kifi, ma'adinai da kuma masana'antu kai tsaye (potassium salts, kayan gini, hydrocarbons da sauransu. D.). A masana'antu ne ke da alhakin aiki na raw kayan, samarwa da kuma rarraba wutar lantarki, ruwa da kuma iskar gas. Financial ayyukan, cinikayya, da ilimi, jama'a gwamnati, kai da kuma sadarwa aka jera a cikin "masu samar da sabis".

Past da kuma nan gaba

A bisa ga al'ada, da tattalin arziki na Belarus an agrarian-daidaitacce, wanda ta taka muhimmiyar rawa gizo, cinikayya da sana'o'i. Irin wannan jamhuriyar, kuma ya kasance har sai da tsakiyar karni na ashirin. Tare da 60-ies fara fashewar girma na masana'antu, saboda da gina sabon giant Enterprises sun zama locomotive na dukan kansu, high-tech masana'antu, ya fara ci gaban da na halitta adibas na potash da kuma man fetur.

A wannan yanayin, noma ba kawai riƙe da babban matsayi, amma an inganta gabatarwar sabuwar fasahar, ci gaban aikin gona da kimiyya, da samuwar sabuwar kayayyakin gona saboda gida masana'antu da kamfanoni. Famous tractors "Belarus" ake samar a Minsk, kuma kaddamar da samar da cikakken kewayon mechanized raka'a, daga sauki drills zuwa high-tech hada harvesters. Yau da Belarushiyanci tattalin arzikin - agrarian-masana'antu.

Belarus m tsarin sake fasalin. The girmamawa da yake a high fasahar aikin noma da kuma masana'antu samar, IT-masana'antu, yawon shakatawa, da yin amfani da logistic m kamar yadda mai wucewa kasa, da na zamani da samar, dangane gida albarkatun kasa, kuma haka a. D. The gwamnati da aka aiwatar da murna babbar zuba jari-ayyukan, da most of wanda zai iya zama wani gini wata katuwar masana'antu shakatawa na babban fasahar "Great dutse" tare da kasar Sin. An muhimmanci Trend ne kokarin sarrafa tattalin arzikin da kuma kafa kasuwanci da kuma sada interpersonal da siyasa tare da kasashe da yankuna a duk faɗin duniya.