A avant-garde a cikin karni na 20th zanen: wakilan misalai

A farkon karni na ashirin da aka alama ta wani iri-iri na manyan sikelin-events: da canza tattalin arziki da kuma siyasa taswirar duniya, kimiyya da kuma more. Kada ka zauna can wuri mai nĩsa, kuma art: da avant-garde a art, cinema, da adabi ya sāke manufar kerawa da kuma al'umma ta gani a kan shi. New ideas zama real juyin juya halin, wanda ya ci gaba da exert da tasiri a kan duniya ko a yanzu.

Mene ne avant-garde?

A farkon karni na ashirin da akwai lokatan da dama gwaji yayi tare da sabon tunani a fagen fasaha. Su kowa sunan ne da kalmar "sahun gaba" a zahiri translation daga Faransa da kuma na nufin "baraden". A sabon ra'ayi ya akasin academicism da kuma ci gaba da al'adar wayewar. Da wakilan da avant-garde a art yi imani da cewa cikakkar ne tsari na halitta, maimakon karshe samfur. Mutumin ya juya a cikin wani abu na art. A avant-garde a cikin karni na 20th, da zanen za a iya raba da dama babban nau'o'i: Futurism, Surrealism, abstraktivizm, Pop Art, Dada da kuma op-art. Rarrabe siffofin ne da lokaci division tsari da kuma ruhaniya hankali, rashin 'yancin magana guda biyu tare da kimiyya, hikimar tantance tsarin kula da tsari.

Fitowan da kuma ci gaban

Wani sabon shugabanci shi ne samfurin na m, Halicci mismatch na real art da kuma sa a shi a ruhaniya hankalta. Artistic dabi'u, saukarwa to tabbas - wancan ne abin da ya bambanta da avant-garde zanen. Artists yi ƙarya da suke ƙirƙirãwa mataki, kuma Ya halitta Karkataccen farko duba da kafuwa, inda suka jaddada cewa babban ideas na yanzu. Har da koma bayan tattalin arziki sabon abu kiyaye ciki fanko, amai da viewer kira - idan ya za su iya raba da gaskiya daga ƙarya dabi'u? A zamani art, avant-garde sa'an nan na kokarin samun koma tsohon hadisai, wasu gabar da canza ainihin ra'ayi.

daban-daban da wakilan

Hankula garde sculptor Duchamp ya sanar da aikin wani talakawa kwano, sanya a kan wani pedestal. Endi Uorhol halitta mai abun da ke ciki na tin gwangwani. A cikin irin wannan ayyuka muhimmanci, bambanci tsakanin avant-garde zanen da sassaka na zamani - jigon da farko shi ne amincewa da kuma ha'inci, da rashin kula da kuma makaranta matsaloli, da yin amfani da mafi sauki hanyoyi domin izgili da sukar talauci ilimi da kuma ba sosai al'adu masu sauraro.

Group Fauves

Daya daga cikin mafi daukan hankali yayi gabatar a avant-garde zanen, shi ne Fauvism. Group of mabiya saɓa wa Impressionists da kuma son kai a naturalistic verisimilitude. Domin Fauves halin da yin amfani da Catchy songs, da musu na gargajiya hangen zaman gaba. Artists sun kalubalanci bourgeois dandani da kuma salon art, samar da dada al'amuran. Wakilai za a iya kira artists kamar Raul Dyufi da Marquet. A karshen, a cikin aikinsa ya fita daga Fauvism zuwa hakikanci - a yanar gizo "Notre Dame," ya gudanar ya kai cikakken daidaici inuwa ruwan Seine, da gine-gine da shaci na babban coci da kuma zafi, softening ta contours. Watsi saboda da gaskiya Vlamin artists kuma Freese Aure primitivist jigogi amfani Andre Derain. Gurbata, sufi images aka halicce ta Georges Rouault. Duk da yawa unifying siffofin Fauves ba ma dogon wanzu a matsayin jam'iyya, kuma nan da nan watse.

Henri Matisse

A Faransa, har abada shiga tarihi na art, ya zama daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci artists gabatar a avant-garde zanen. Matisse zane-zane tana bayyana asali m ra'ayin a kan a saki launi da kuma samar da makamashi a kan canvases. Ya yi imani da cewa zanen ne sosai kama da music bayar da kawai bakwai bayanin kula, da kuma kokarin wuce a kan su na sirri kwarewa abin da ya gani a cikin ayyukansu.

A farkon karni na ashirin, Matisse zama sha'awar sassaka na Afirka, da kasashen Larabawa na ado art da kuma Japan woodcuts, wanda shi ne ma a fili take a cikin aikinsa. master zane-zane ne m tabarau: mai zurfi blue, Emerald kore, zurfin rawaya. Mafi fi sanin ayyukansu sun hada da zane-zane:

• "Dance", halitta a ƙarƙashin rinjayar Diaghilev Rasha yanayi a birnin Paris da kuma Greek gilashin fure zane.
• "Music" da image na tsarkakewa da kuma wasa daban-daban kayan guda.
• "Red Fish" da gagarumin karfi da launuka da asali planar yi na zanen tare da kin amincewa da hasashen da kuma zurfin.
• "Katantanwa", daya daga cikin na karshe ayyukansu, Ya halitta, daga guda na takarda, pre-fentin a dama launuka.

abstractionist Kandinsky

Haske Rasha avant-garde zanen da aka wakilta wannan artist. Kandinsky tafiya a baje kuma sami wahayi a cikin na da Rasha da kuma Faransa art. Ya shimfidar su ne bisa launi dissonances da kuma wasan sautunan da Lines cewa zai ƙarshe gaba daya maye gurbin daga aikinsa real images. Wasu daga cikin zane-zane da aka yi wahayi zuwa da hankula Rasha da muradi - misali, "The Ladies a crinolines" ko "m rai". A cikin tsawon bayan juyin juya hali, da artist halitta jerin hoto "Kananan halittu," wanda ya bayyana da ya penchant ga yin amfani da Suprematism ilmi a hade tare da haske na ado. A 1922 Kandinsky aka gayyace su koyar a Bauhaus. A tsawon shekaru, da artist, ya sha nanata gudanar da wani gwaji tare da dabara da kuma ya samu m sakamakon a abstractionism - ya nune-nunen da aka gudanar a duk faɗin Turai, da kuma ka'idojin aikin jin dadin nasara a duniya, bayanin daki-daki, ga ideas cewa yana da avant-garde zanen. Misalan sun ha] a lokaci na aiki "abun da ke ciki 8" da "ma'ana da kuma wani layi a cikin jirgin sama."