Ƙungiyarku kifi da su siffofin

Kifi - vertabrate cewa zauna cikin ruwa da kuma numfashi tare da gills. A cikin duniya, akwai fiye da 3 dubu jinsunan. An yi imani da cewa su na farko zo ƙasar, bada Yunƙurin zuwa ƙasar dabbobi. Abin da azuzuwan da kuma kungiyoyin na kifi ne a can? Ta yaya suka sha bambam da juna? Wanne detachment tana nufin sunfish - da heaviest kifi a duniya? Don duk wadannan tambayoyi za mu amsa a wannan labarin.

A musamman kifi?

Kifi - wani ɓangare na da yawa kunsa da muhimmanci mahalarta a cikin abinci sarkar. Suna shiga ko'ina a cikin duniya, inhabiting da gishiri da kuma sabo ne da ruwa daga teku zuwa mai tsayi tabkuna, located a tsawo na fiye da 6 kilomita.

Mafi yawa daga cikin rayuwar da suke ciyarwa, a cikin ruwa, don haka babban numfashinsu don su ne gills. Mutane da yawa hari kifi da wakilan da suka sami damar fita domin wani gajeren lokaci a kan surface (mudskipper, Anabas, tashi kifi). Wasu ma ci gaba ƙarin numfashi gabobin - huhu (lungfish - protopterus, Queensland Lungfish, da dai sauransu ...).

Kusan m rayuwa karkashin ruwa kifi ta bukata na musamman na'urorin. Su m integument gabatar Sikeli - faranti na dentin ko gaonina Kosmin, wanda ake superimposed a kan juna kamar tiles.

Su matsawa da taimakon ƙege da kuma gawawwakin don rage su jiki yana da wani streamlined siffar. Mutane da yawa kifi akwai iyo mafitsara. By daidaitawa da matsa lamba, shi na taimaka wa tsaye ƙungiyoyi na dabba a cikin ruwa, da kuma taimaka musu su zauna a wani zurfin.

rarrabuwa na kifi

Kifi - wani rukuni na chordates, a cikin abin da gano wani yawan azuzuwan. A daban-daban kafofin lambar diverges. Yawancin lokaci suna zuwa kashi guringuntsi da kashi. Wani lokaci Bony kifi tsaya fitar a matsayin wani superclass, kuma a ciki shi bambanta azuzuwan na ray-finned da lobe.

Ƙungiyarku cartilaginous kifi - a Chimaera, katranooobraznye, rajiformes, angelfish, mnogozhabernye, lamnooobraznye da kuma aboki. A total na game da 13, kuma sũ, jinsuna daban na sharks, haskoki da chimaeras.

Kwarangwal na kifi da aka yi da guringuntsi. A stingrays da sharks gills ba rufe murfi, da kuma barin fitar da slits. Swim mafitsara ne ba ya nan, da cewa ya tĩlasta su to a kullum a kan tafi, in ba haka ba za su fada a kasa. Wasu jinsunan ba sa qwai da kuma haifa live haihuwa.

Ƙungiyarku aji fitar kasusuwan jikinsu kifi ne mafi yawa. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, su kwarangwal da aka yi da kasusuwa. Gills wani bangare ne na kwarangwal, suna hada da petals da stamens, kuma a saman rufe lids.

A wani labarin kawai domin lissafa duk kungiyoyin na kifi ba zai yiwu, saboda haka a nan za mu bayyana mafi ban sha'awa da kuma rare da su.

Perciformes

The most kifi detachment, wanda yake rufe game 7-8 dubu jinsunan. Mafi yawansu kama kifi. Babban siffa daga cikin kifi tawagar Perciformes - ctenoid ma'auni. Its gefuna ba santsi, amma ya kasu kashi da yawa kananan cloves. A pectoral fins suna located kasa da kirji, da kuma wani ɓangare na radial fins juya a cikin ƙayayuwa.

Perciformes bambanta a size. Wasu jinsunan isa kawai 'yan santimita (lyutsionsky mistihtis), yayin da wasu girma har zuwa 3 mita (bluefin tuna). Hankula wakilan ne mackerel, Bullhead, perch, tuna, gourami, katon kifi. Amma ba su kasance a gare su groupers, kuma ya kasance a cikin tsari scorpaeniformes.

chimera

Chimaera kifi detachment yana da dama quirky look. Jikinsu yana elongated da karfi quntata wa bichevidnomu wutsiya. Kafin biyu dorsal fins ne ƙaya cewa za a iya boye a wani garke a baya.

The baka na wasa, kuma yana da triangular siffar. Ga wasu jinsunan, shi ne karfi da mika, da kuma tuna da proboscis. A bakin aka located a kasa. A pectoral fins ne manyan kuma dimbin yawa kamar reshe.

Chimera iyo sannu a hankali, "kyawu" a cikin jiki na ruwa. Wannan kasa-mazauni kifi cewa rayuwa a babban zurfin ko teku Shoals. Aka sãme su a India, Atlantic da kuma Pacific tekuna. Asali qwai shelving.

sturgeon

Bisa ga tsarin sturgeon zauna wani tsaka-tsaki matsayi tsakanin cartilaginous da kuma fitar kasusuwan jikinsu kifi sojojin. Yawancin lokaci da suka kasance a cikin aji na kashi lucheporyh kifi da kuma subclass hryaschekostnyh. Wadannan sun hada da beluga, kowane irin sturgeon, kaluga, sturgeon, da sauransu. D.

Su kwarangwal aka yi da guringuntsi, shi yana da tsirkiya, kuma ba raba su da vertebrae. kifi jiki ne elongated kuma mai rufi da layuka biyar na manyan kashi faranti, tsakanin wanda karami flakes. A bakin aka located a kasa. A gaban shi ne hudu barbels, wasa da muhimmancin touch gabobin.

Sturgeon zauna koguna da tekuna na Arewa Hemisphere. Fishing domin su ne sosai na kowa, musamman prized caviar. Yana mai kyawawan babban kifi. Beluga, misali, isa 4-9 mita, sturgeon - 6 mita.

Tetraodontiformes

Wannan naúrar ya hada da fitar kasusuwan jikinsu kifi game da 250 jinsunan. Mafiya yawa daga cikin wakilan da sabon abu siffar jiki: .. siffar zobe, mĩƙe Disc-dimbin yawa, cubic, da dai sauransu A bakin kifi ne yawanci kananan, babba dadashin tam rufe. Maimakon saba Sikeli, jikinsu rufe spines ko kananan needles.

Sun zauna dumi teku ruwa a kusa da ekweita, fifita su murjani reefs. Fice wakilan ne kifi-urchin, sunfish, yellow boxfish da sauransu. Sunfish - da heaviest kifi a duniya. Its nauyi iya wuce 20 ton. Yana yana da wani faifai-dimbin yawa, flattened laterally kuma ya kai har zuwa mita 2 a diamita.

flatfish

Flatfish - lebur kifi, iyo a kan ta gefe. Sai suka kwanta a kan wannan gefe, don haka idanunsu suna sanya a gefe daya ne kawai. Launi ne yawanci kusa da launuka na seabed. Wannan bukatar masking, saboda kusan duk kifin detachment da yara ciyar a kan crustaceans, mollusks da kananan kifi.

Sun zauna cikin teku daga wurare masu zafi don temperate zones, rayuwa, yafi kusa da kasa. Kifi fi son m ruwa, liyãfa jinsunan sauƙi iyo cikin estuaries. Wadannan sun hada da zurfin, halibut, dab. The girma na karami wakilan 7-8 santimita, da most - game 5 mita.

Clupeiformes

Clupeiformes wakiltar daya daga cikin mafi m kungiyoyin na kifi kashi. Jikinsu yana dan kadan flattened kuma an rufe shi da Sikeli Semi-madauwari siffar. Kokon kunshi yawa kifi guringuntsi. A haskoki na fins ne mai taushi, yin detachment ne sau da yawa ake kira "myagkoporye". By detachment da dangantaka menheden Atlantic herring Baltic, Pacific, kifin gwangwani, sprat, anchovies, herring, sprat.

Wadannan kifaye su sosai bambancin a salon, mutane da yawa sun iya yin dogon hijira. Suna rarraba a duk teku na duniya, musamman a wurare masu zafi yankunan da subtropical yankunan. Iyakacin duniya yankuna sanaki kawai 'yan jinsin, wasu kuma rayu a cikin sabo ruwa. Mafi yawan nasa ne da pelagic kifi - zaune a babba yadudduka daga cikin teku.

bano

M wakilan fitar kasusuwan jikinsu kifi - bano tawagar. Saboda da dogon, kõma fitar da na jiki, za su iya zama rude da macizai. Duk da haka, jiki ba quntata ga bano ta wutsiya, kuma sau da yawa ba ko da flattened laterally.

Su matsawa meanders. Pelvic fins a kifi akwai, daidai da yadda da ɓamɓaroki. A fata rufe gamsai. Kamar macizai, da suka iya zama hakarkarinsa, kuma har zuwa kunya 300 na vertebrae. Mafi m bano kuma suna da yara. Musamman ma fi girma jinsunan (da giant moray eels), ko da kai hare hare da Reef da damisa sharks.

Wannan kifaye na teku, fifita warmer ruwaye. Su ne daban-daban iri iri na moray eels da bano. The kawai ruwa tare iyali - anguillidae. Suna zaune a ruwa cewa ya kasance a cikin daruna na Atlantic, Pacific da kuma tekun India.

m shark

Daga cikin dukan kifayen teku, da mafi yawa ne detachment karharidnye ko launin toka shark. Yana hada fiye da 250 jinsunan, ciki har da shark, hammerhead, Tiger, siliki, sa shark, da sauransu. D. Its mambobi suna dauke daga mafi hadarin mazaunan cikin tẽku mai zurfi. Sun lashe da yawa suka jikkata.

Suna zaune a cikin jihar bakin teku zones tekuna na wurare masu zafi, subtropical da temperate zones. Kifi suna kullum motsi, sa'an nan ya yi ritaya ga zurfin teku, sa'an nan iyo a cikin m ruwa. Wasu jinsunan su bayyana kuma a sabo ruwa.

Gray sharks da biyar nau'i-nau'i daga gill slits, biyu dorsal da daya tsuliya filafilin kifi. Su asali ko sa qwai, ko live haihuwa.

Bã su da wani babban baki, located a kasa da kuma hancinsa aka mika gaba. Wasu kifayen teku, shi ne karfi taso keya (a cikin sa shark). A takamaiman irin wani hammerhead shark. Su hancinsa aka mĩƙe a saman da kuma fadi a tarnaƙi, reminiscent na sabon abu guduma. A farko dorsal filafilin kifi yana mai lankwasa a cikin siffar wani lauje.