Znamensky - Serafim Ivanovich da Georgy. Biography, nasarori a wasanni. Mutane-Legend

Znamensky - fice Soviet da 'yan wasa na 30s na 20th karni. Sunayensu ga wannan rana tana tattare a cikin wani sarari na ɗaukaka. Brothers aka kira a matsayin mutane-Legends. Bayan kawai watanni 12, da matasa iya tafi daga m sabon shiga gasar da Tarayyar Soviet. Znamensky, kuma shi ne game da su, kuma za a tattauna a wannan labarin, zama da girman kai na Soviet wasanni pre-yaki lokaci. Su ƙaddara shi ne sun fi mayar da maimaita fim daga cikin fina-finan da cewa lokaci game da ma'aikatan da suka karbi janar fitarwa ne kawai a kudin nasu aiki. Kawai da 'yan'uwa gudanar ya aiwatar da shi a hakikanin rai. Tunanin a lõkacin da Znamenskie farko fita a kan treadmills, George talatin da Serafim - ashirin da bakwai. Yawancin lokaci a wannan shekaru da 'yan wasa riga cikakken aiki. Sports rai daga wadannan fice da 'yan wasa da aka takaice, amma zafin da kuma tunawa haske events. 'Yan mutane san cewa a lokacin Serafim da kuma George zauna a St. Nicholas Mala'iku. Daga can zuwa wurin aiki (da shuka "guduma da lauje") suka sanya alamar giciye. Kuma shi ne game da goma sha shida kilomita a rana.

iyali

Znamensky Brothers aka haife shi a kauyen Green Sloboda. George aka haife shi a 1903, da kuma Serafim - a 1906. Mahaifinsa Ivan wani gida firist na coci. Mazauna kauyukan sun yi magana da shi a matsayin mai kyau da kuma m mutum. Ivan auri 'yar wani kauye firist mai suna Anfisa Ivanovna. Ta haifa masa 'ya'ya mata shida da kuma maza hudu.

Anfisa Ivanovna aka tsunduma a matsayin au biyu, da kuma ilimi na yara. Ta buga piano da san Faransa. Kowane yaro na Znamensky iyali horar da su karanta music, da kuma bayan shan jarrabawa kafin shugaban iyali da kuma danginsu. Anfisa Ivanovna musamman so Serafim. A shekaru 13, yaron aiki a matsayin wani Irena a mahaifinsa coci da kuma yana da kyau kwarai vocal. Ya sosai m. Wani lokaci Serafim tashi da dare da kuma rubuta dogon lokaci a cikin music littafin. Kuma a cikin safe da dukan iyalin Znamensky saurari ga ayyukansa. George kuma bi da su music zare jiki. Duk da haka, ya ko da yaushe ya yaba da ɗan'uwansa gida bayan kide da kuma fatan cewa zai zama "Chopin". Amma rabo ya shirya da boys wani sosai daban-daban hanya.

Ba kamar da ɗan'uwansa, Georgy Znamensky kasance mai kira ne tun suna yara. A shekaru ashirin da, an dauke shi da karfi mutumin a cikin dukan Green Sloboda. Riga a lokacin da ƙaramin Znamenskie ya zauna a kan irin rage cin abinci ba tare da kafe - dankali, hatsin rai gurasa da madara. Fiye da wani abu da aka ba da ake bukata. Kamar yadda na madara, sa'an nan George da kuma Serafim sha daya guga domin biyu kowace rana.

shawarta

Wana Sergei aka tsunduma a cikin ilimi daga cikin matasa, mãsu girmansu. Ya kasance a yakin duniya na farko, samun daraja da jami'in. Ya koma gida bayan wata girgizawa, samu a gaban. Sergei nan da nan ya lura da cewa, matasa, 'yan'uwa girma m da kuma mai rauni. Shi da kansa, da kasancewa wani dalibi na soja makaranta, "lafiya" wasanni. Saurayi tsanani tunani game da dan wasa ta aiki da kuma so ya ja ra'ayin gasar. Saboda haka, Sergei rayayye inculcated soyayya ga wasanni George da kuma Serafim. Har ila yau, wana ya dauki wani aiki sashi cikin rayuwar al'umma - a cikin makwabta Kazan shirya a factory acrobatic bitar.

hatsari

Ba da da ewa iyali Znamensky matsala faru. George a kan m ayyukan a kan kafar zo da wani doki. Uwar ji tsõron ya zama wani gurgu domin rayuwa. Amma da aiki ya ci nasara, kuma cewa rauni ba zai hana shi a nan gaba don kafa duniya records a hanya da kuma filin. Sa'an nan George tafi bauta a cikin Black Sea jiragen ruwa. Kuma mai yiwuwa ne akwai da aka kashe. The ban tausayi hali na Giorgi ce a cikin wata wasika wa ɗan'uwansa, Sergei. Ya, tare da hudu abokan aiki shiga jirgin ruwa a kan jirgin ruwan a lokacin da wani na yau da kullum motsa jiki. Nan da nan ta juya da kuma gudanar da su iyo kawai George. Kuma wannan duk da cewa ya kafa a nade anga igiya. A nan, babban muhimmanci, ya buga wasanni horo. Idan shi ba, sa'an nan da ãyã ba haka sauri disentangle da kuma iyo a cikin farfajiya. George akai-akai gode Sergey domin ganin cewa ya ya a haɗe da shi zuwa ga wasanni. A 1926 ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare, sau daya a cikin jerin umurnin Jr. jihar bakin teku manyan bindigogi. Sa'an nan kuma, 'yan shekaru ɗauke da wani sabis a cikin Navy.

Motsi zuwa Nikolskoye

A shekarar 1931, George zo zuwa Moscow da kuma samu aiki a shuka "guduma da lauje." Matashin neman dogon da wuya ga gidaje a cikin babban birnin kasar, amma bai tafi. A karshen Na ya shirya tare da wani dadi tsohon lady haihuwa Aleksandry Efimovny a kan 5th line tashar Nikolskoye (14 kilomita daga birnin). Wannan kaka ya da 'yar'uwa myachkovskogo firist, wanda nan gaba Zakaran san, zaune tare da shi a ƙasarsa ta kauye a cikin unguwa. George ya rayu a cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi. Bayan wani lokaci, ya perevoz wa ɗan'uwansa. Da farko, Serafim samu wani aiki a matsayin m, surveyor, sa'an nan ya yi aiki a kan gina wani factory ma'aikacin wanki kusa Taganka. Don aiki da 'yan'uwa ko da yaushe tafiya tare. Da wuya safarar, kuma mafi - yin gicciye.

Spartan salon

A Nicholas Znamensky nan da nan lura. A watan Fabrairu 1932 Georgy zo dattijo matar ɗan'uwansa mai suna Maryamu. Ta ya ba su iya samun wurin da zama. Amma lokacin da ya tambaye gida boys game da biyu mutane suke kullum a guje, suka nan da nan gudanar ta da hakkin wuri.

A farka daga Alexander Efimovna koka Masha 'yan'uwa. Frosts suna da karfi, kuma ta damu game da gaskiyar cewa matasa okoleyut a cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi. A tsohon mace buga a kai a kai tsaya ga rufi da okrikivala Serafim da kuma George, tambayar idan sun kasance sanyi. "Mene ne ka, Labari Kaka! Mu ne zafi! "- hadu gaba zakarun. Tun da matasa zauna a ta a matsayin sani, Alexander Efimovna asali shirya ya resettle su a cikin dakin, da zaran da dan haya za ta motsa m. Amma a lokacin da ya faru, suka ƙẽƙashe George da kuma Serafim ba ya so ya motsa. Kuma ya ci gaba da rayuwa a cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi.

Znamensky rayuwa kamar Spartans - ci kawai baki gurasa, da kuma yin aiki kusan ko da yaushe tafiya a gudu. George yi murna sosai, zuwa na amarya. Amma bai canza halaye. Da saurayin nan ya zo gida daga aiki, na ko da yaushe tambaye ta ji dimi ruwan zafi, kuma idan an yi amfani da su jimre, zo da kandami, inda ya rayayye horar. Kuma George ba ko canza tufafinsa, kawai ansu rubuce-rubucen da wani tawul da gudu. A-dokar ziyarci shi game da rabin sa'a. By lokacin da aka har yanzu rauni da'irori, da kuma bayan - dived cikin masu ɗaci, gunaguni da iyaka sarari. Lokacin da ka ga wannan na fata, Mary shawarci Georgi taba kawo wani Aleksandru Efimovnu. Bisa ga yarinya, da uwargijiyar gidan zai yi nan da nan daina damu game da gaskiyar cewa shi freezes a cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi.

horo

Duk da yake wasanni a cikin Tarayyar Soviet ya ba Popular. A farko wannan gasar da aka gudanar a 1928. Sai bayan halinta da aka halitta daban-daban tarayyar da kuma Sports sassan. Mafi mashahuri sayi agitprobegi da kuma gudun ba da sanda jinsi. Wani lokacin funny abubuwa faru. Alal misali, kamunkai gudu da aka shirya a cikin kaka na shekara ta 1929 a kan titunan babban birnin kasar tare da ya dace placards da taken. Duk abin da ya faru daidai, har sai da gama a Trohgorki gaji stayers hadu da wani ƙungiyar makaɗa na kida bugu ...

George gaske kwashe horo da kuma yanke shawarar zuwa wani sabon matsayi. Yanzu wani saurayi ya sheƙa a cikin wani kandami, da kuma filin wasa "guduma da lauje." Da farko, murdede da karfi Guy a falmaran da aka dauke bumpkin. Amma ya sauri sosai tabbatar da ya fi sauri a cikin crosses. A Serafim Znamenskii ya kawai ya lura da babbar sha'awa na George, yin gudu a wani kandami a Nikolskoye. Ya tafi ya kwanta a cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi, da 'yan'uwa mafarkin na koyo game da aiki nagari.

A farko nasarorin

Ana zargin Znamensky a wasanni da aka quite sabon abu. Wannan ya faru a lokacin rani na shekara ta 1932. Ma'aikata da kuma ma'aikata na sha'anin "guduma da lauje" tsunduma a cikin bayarwa na norms GTO. Daya daga cikin batutuwa da aka gudanar a 1000 mita. Serafim da kuma George haka da sauri shawo kan nesa cewa alkali bai yi imani da agogon awon gudu ba, kuma ba ta idanu. Tuntuɓe sabili da mistrust, da 'yan'uwa sake dauki zuwa farkon da gudu ko da sauri.

A farko da manyan gwajin for Serafim zama da hannu a cikin gudu zuwa Gorky Prize. A total number of gasar 'yan wasa kai a ɗari mutane. Znamenskii gudu zuwa al'ada nasu taki kamar yadda a cikin horo a Green Sloboda, sa'an nan a St. Nicholas. 'Yan wasan fara a Khimki da arshen tseren a kan Tverskaya a Jamhuriyar tangarahu Office. Zamanin] aular abin mamaki, saboda akai-akai na Serafim Malyaeva (zakara na kasar). Amma da m ya faru - 300 mita kafin gama Znamenskii rikita batun, kuma ya jũya a cikin titi. Lokacin da wani dan wasa ya gane kuskurensa, an makara - Maljaev riga ta kammala nesa. Amma duk da gudu da kuma magoya taya mafari hango ko hasashen wani babban rabo mai girma a cikin wasanni.

gudun ba da sanda

Lalle ne, ga 'yan'uwa, duk abin da aka fara. Da zarar Serafim ya maye gurbin da waxannan cututtukan George a tawagar "guduma da lauje." Coach Chulitsky aka tantama tsayayya. Amma George yanke shawarar shawo kan kocin, gaya game da su biyu crosses tsakanin Moscow Nikolsky. Har ila yau Znamenskii gaya game da wani lokaci a lõkacin da suka iya cimma da mota. Da farko, ba shakka, na kasance a cikin gubar mota, sa'an nan ta rushe engine, da 'yan'uwansa, da direba waved hannunsa, ya ci gaba da giciye. A kocin bai yi imani, sa'an nan kuma har yanzu amince. Kuma ya bai baƙin ciki da ya yanke shawara. Bisa ga sakamakon tseren Chulitsky gane cewa Serafim Znamenskogo babban manyan al'amurra a rayuwa ya zama guje guje. Relay 10 × 1000 mita aka lashe kawai godiya ga talanti ɗaya na saurayin. Daga baya Chulitsky yawa sau yaba Znamensky sauran 'yan wasa. Ya yi magana game da crosses na Nikolskoye a Moscow, a kan aiki da kuma ba kasa m motsa jiki bayan shi. Chulitsky Znamensky dauke da wani haife stayers.

Nasarori da records

Nikolsky ya ga George da kuma Serafim iyali. Su ma sayi rabin na wani gidan a Aleksandry Efimovny. Da ewa na zo zuwa ga babban birnin kasar na su wana Sergei da iyalinsa. Serafim da kuma George ya hanya zuwa cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi da iyali dakin. Sergey nan da nan ya dauki wani aiki a matsayin malami na ilimin motsa jiki.

A shekara ta 1933, Serafim ya zama zakara na Tarayyar Soviet. Ya ya iya gudu 3000 mita sauri fiye da 9 minti. A shekara daga baya, Znamensky zo ma fi girma nasara. Sun kafa shida records na kasar da kuma sanya wani sau uku biyu nasara a cikin kasa gasar. Serafim dauki zinariya a nisa na 1500, 5000 da kuma mita 10,000. A Georgy samu azurfa.

International daraja

A watan Fabrairu 1935 da jaridar "L'Humanite" a Paris ta shirya na duniya giciye. Znamenskie tafi gasa a cikin Tarayyar Soviet tawagar. A filin wasan da dubu 30 kallo yan'uwa lashe a nesa na 8 km biyu nasara. A farko zuwa gama line haye Serafim, da kuma yancin bãya gare shi - George. Bayan shekaru biyu, da suka maimaita su nasara a Paris, amma a nesa na 9.4 km. View na wani sabo ne farkon ya riga ya tattara 60 dubu masoya na guje guje. Kuma a cikin 1938, Serafim da kuma George lashe wani biyu nasara a karo na uku. Faransa, admiring su fasaha, ya kafa a kan giciye-kasa tseren "L'Humanite" Znamensky Brothers kyauta.

Records da kuma lambobin yabo

Daga 1933 zuwa 1940 da heroes of wannan labarin 7 sau zama nasara da kuma 11 sau lashe wasan da Tarayyar Soviet. 'Yan'uwa da kafa 24 records a cikin mutum jinsi. Bugu da kari, George ya zama zakara na Tarayyar Soviet a cikin gudun ba da sanda 4 x 1500 m. Znamenskie kuma kafa wani adadin dukan-ƙungiyar nasarori a Moscow "Spartak". A musamman, da gudun ba da sanda 10 x 1000 m. A mafi yan'uwansa suke na farko da 'yan wasa da suka bayar da mafi girma da jihar awards.

Znamenskie sun karfi da 'yan wasa, ba kawai a kasarsu. Su sakamakon ya nuna cewa suna daga cikin mafi kyau gudu a Turai kuma a ko'ina cikin duniya. Idan ya ba da manufofin da Tarayyar Soviet, za su dade da suka wuce sun kafa duniya records a hanya da kuma filin a duniya gasa. Znamensky ba da damar su yi magana a gasar Turai da kuma gasar wasannin Olympic. Duk da yake Tarayyar Soviet ya ba memba na IAAF, kamar yadda ba ya gane kungiyar. Kuma su shiga a hukuma gasa iya kawai 'yan wasa, wanda kasashen wani bangare ne na kasa da kasa ƙungiya daga guje guje.

Learning

A 1936, da mafarkin zo gaskiya daya more 'yan'uwa - sun riƙi zuwa Medical Institute (Moscow). Sun samu nasarar kammala shi a 1941. Abin baƙin ciki, kamar yadda Znamenskie 'yan wasa ba zai iya shiga a cikin gasar daga nahiyar. Amma George a shekarar 1946 (Serafim ya riga ya mutu) ya tafi zuwa ga gasar Turai a Oslo a matsayin likita tawagar 'yan wasa na Tarayyar Soviet.

yaki

Zo a cikin 1941, canza al'adar mutane da yawa. A 'yan kwanaki bayan da farkon soja fadace-fadace don tsara wararriyar motorized bindiga birged (OMSBON). Umurnin matsayi da shi shagaltar da sanannen Soviet da 'yan wasa da kuma rundunar jami'an Dzerzhinsk, wanda aka tushen a St. Nicholas. Serafim da kuma George bai jira gayyata kuma kansu suka zo da daftarin jirgin. Sun yi a haɗe zuwa Medical Brigade da aka ambata a sama. Akwai 'yan'uwa da suka bauta wa a yaki.

mutuwa

A May 1942, Serafim samu wata wasika, wanda ya ruwaito a cikin mutuwar mahaifiyarsa Anfisa Ivanovna. Wannan labarai da aka matashi mai girma duka. A wannan rana kuma ya kashe kansa. Kuma shekaru hudu daga baya, George mutu daga ciki ciwon daji. Mutane-Legend bar wannan duniya, amma su sunayen ba za a manta. Sashe na daga shi ne ciyar da aka gudanar a cikin girmamawa George Serafim da kuma shekara-shekara gasa.

Znamensky Brothers Memorial

A farko gasa a cikin memory daga cikin jaruman wannan labarin ya faru a cikin watan Yuli 1949. Sa'an nan, a nesa na 1 mita 500 lashe by Alexander Pugachevsky, da kuma a 5000 mita lashe Nikifor Popov. Abin lura shi ne cewa Popov kawai kwanaki hudu kafin gasar ya inganta karshe dukan-ƙungiyar rikodin na Znamensky. Su nasara a nesa na 5000 mita dade kamar yadda 9 shekaru haihuwa.

Da farko Memorial Znamensky ya faru a cikin watan Yuli 1958. Gasa da aka gudanar a cika, sai dai a hade events, gudun ba da sanda jinsi da kuma gudun fanfalaki a guje. Kuma ka ambaci Serafim da kuma George zo da 'yan wasa daga 10 ƙasashe. A nan gaba, wadannan abubuwan da gudummawar da kasashen duniya guje guje kalanda da kuma fara gudanar da wani a kan wani shekara-shekara akai. Ya kamata a lura da cewa Memorial Znamensky ya ba da tashi a wasanni fiye da daya tsara na masu gudu. Daga cikin nasara na wadannan gasa ne rijista 'yan wasa daga ƙasashe 50, ciki har da Zakarun Olympics a shekaru daban-daban - Rut Fuks, Krepkina Faith, Irena Krishenshteyn, Yanis Lusis, Yuzef Shmidt, Peter Bolotnikov, Victor Saneev, Valery Brumel, Kipchogo Keino, Livio Berruti da sauransu .

A shekarar 1961 a birnin Moscow (Sokolniki) ya bude guje guje filin wasan Znamensky. Located a makaranta na Olympic ajiye shi aka akai-akai gane a matsayin mafi kyau wasanni cibiyoyin a kasar. Daga cikin masu digiri ne quite 'yan zakarun kuma zakarun duniya, misali: L. Zavyalov (4 x 400 m), Polyakov (shida), O. tauhidin (4 x 100 m), P. Bochkarev (shida), A. Biryukov ( sau uku Jump), A. Loginov (800 m), L. Nikitin (duk-kusa), M. Shennikov (yawo), D. Bogryanov (tsawon), Pavlov (shida), N. Lisovskaya (core), P. Bolotnikov (10,000 m) da kuma da yawa wasu. A wasannin Olympics ta 2008 a Beijing, da Rasha, tawagar hada biyar dalibai na makaranta.

ƙarshe

Rayuwa Serafim da kuma George - shi ne mai labarin na rayuwa da kuma fada da ya sa ta aiki da kuma ƙaddamar. Kawai saboda wannan sun samu irin wannan fice da sakamakon. A rabo daga George da kuma Serafim ne feat, ko da wani classic Soviet hanyarsa ta rayuwa. Su sunayen ake immortalized Moscow filin wasan 'yan'uwan Znamensky, an shekara-shekara taron, kazalika da yawa kafa records.