ZIS-151 - jirgin motar Soviet tare da manyan gadoji guda uku

Sojan Tsibirin Soviet ZIS-151 (an sanya hotunan a shafi) an samar da su ne a masallacin Moscow mai suna Stalin daga 1948 zuwa 1958.

Ƙaddamarwa

An halicci samfurin triaxial farko a cikin 1946. Ɗaya daga cikin motar, ZIS-151-1, tana da ƙafafun ƙafa guda biyu da wani katako mai kwalliya daga tsarin ZIS-150. Misali na biyu, ZIS-151-2, an sanye shi da ƙafafun ƙafafunni kuma an yi shi ne domin sufuri na kayan haɗin ton-ton.

Dukansu motoci guda biyu sun shiga cikin manyan ayyuka. An shirya wasu na'urori don tattalin arzikin kasa, wasu ga rundunar soja. Sojojin soji sun sanye da wani tsarin yin famfowa.

A lokacin rani na 1947, wakilan kwamandan sojan Soviet suka karbi motocin ZIS-151. A filin horo, manyan jami'ai na kwamishinan tarayya da kuma manyan yankunan ƙasar suka taru. Ƙwararren '' Studebaker '' '' 'na Amurka da gyare-gyare guda biyu na ZIS-151 ya kai ga gwaje-gwaje masu tayarwa.

Wasu masana dakarun sojan sunyi magana da goyon bayan kafa guda ɗaya, suna nuna abin da suka zaba ta hanyar cewa "waƙa a cikin matakan" ya fi dacewa: mai amfani da man fetur ya fi ƙasa, darajar ta fi kyau. Sauran mambobin kwamishinan sunyi zaton cewa jirgin ruwan da ke da kaya biyu zai ɗaga kayan karuwa, wanda yake da muhimmanci a filin. A sakamakon haka, an yanke shawarar samar da motoci guda biyu zuwa sassan soja.

ZIS-151: bayanai

Weight da kuma overall sigogi:

• Length na mota - 6930 mm;
• Hawan tare da layin tayin - 2310 mm;
• Matsakaicin iyaka yana da 2320 mm;
• Hawan saman saman rumfa - 2740 mm;
• Tsarin ƙasa - 260 mm;
• Hanya na tasowa - 3665 + 1120 mm;
• Mass cikakken - 10 080 kg;
• Gidan motocin da aka kware yana da kilogram 5880;
• Gudanar da damar - 4500 kg;
• Ƙarar tanki mai tanji biyu shine 2 x 150 lita.

Powerplant

An ba da motar ZIS-151 tare da injin gas din ZIS-121 tare da sigogi masu zuwa:

• da aiki girma daga cikin Silinda - 5.560 cubic santimita.
• Power kusa da iyakar - 92 lita. Tare da. A gudun 2600 rpm;
• Yawan adadin magunguna - 6;
• Shirya - in-line;
• Diamita na Silinda - 100, 6 mm;
• Cutar da piston - 113,3 mm;
• Rubutun - 6 kg / cm;
• Abincin - carburettor, watsawa;
• Cooling - ruwa;
• Fuel - A-66, low-octane;

Ana aikawa

Ana amfani da motocin ZIS-151 tare da akwatinan kayan aiki guda biyar.

Gear Ratios:

• Ruwa na biyar shine 0.81;
• Na huɗu - 1;
• Na uku - 1,89;
• Na biyu - 3,32;
• Na farko - 6.24;
• Ruwa na gaba shine 6.7.

Rubutun akwatin zane-zane na biyu:

• Sanya na farko - 2,44;
• Na biyu - 1,44.

Serial production

Sashin farko na ZIS-151 ya fita daga cikin jerin tarurruka a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1948. Ana yin motoci tare da gidan da aka haɗu, an haɗa su daga sassa na katako da kuma zane-zane. Hannun mota tana kama da magungunan motar soja na Amurka "mai kula da US6".

Babbar ZIS-151 da aka farko mota na cikin gida da ci gaban da duk tuki axles. Bayan da aka kai ga matakin da aka tsara, an yi amfani da na'ura a sassan sojoji. Sojojin sun aika da gyare-gyare waɗanda zasu iya amfani da su a filin:

• ZIS-151A, sanye take da wani iko winch.
• ZIS-151B, truck, hudu-dabaran drive tarakta;
• VMS-153, wani gwaji rabin hanya truck.

Ƙaddamarwa

Shekaru na farko na aiki na motocin soja sun nuna cewa ana bukatar bunkasa mota. Runduna biyu ba za su iya wucewa ta laka ba, da ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta ta kasance mai rauni a kan masu kare, kuma motar ta tsaya. Dole ne in tsaftace tayoyin tare da hanyoyin da aka inganta. A hankali, dukkan motocin sun tuba, sun haɗa guda-ƙafafun, kuma girman ya karu.

Bugu da ƙari, ya wajaba a tsaftace motar, ikon da bai dace ba na doki na 92 bai isa ba. By m da cylinders da kuma kara da matsawa rabo, yana yiwuwa a tãyar da wutar lantarki ta 12 lita. Da., Amma wannan bai isa ba. A engine dirka shi ne mafi kyau bayan canza kaya rabo na watsa.

Ƙarƙashi

Motar ZIS-151 tana da tsarin tsari wanda aka tara daga tashar 10 millimita. Riveted sadarwa samar da isasshen ƙarfin da firam gefen mambobi da kuma a kan wanda aka saka a cikin engine, watsa, da canja wurin hali.

Matakan da ke gaba na motar din sun kasance daidai da girman, hanyoyin haɗi da haɗe-haɗe. Juyawa daga motsi da watsawa ana daukar su ta hanyar juye-gyare zuwa cikin nau'in daban-daban, sa'an nan kuma zuwa ƙananan rassan, wanda ya ƙare tare da ƙarfin ƙarfin hali. An saka igiyoyi a kan karamin motsa jiki kuma suna ta da kwayoyi guda goma na nau'in daji.

Tsarin gwaninta yana da ɗari da hamsin da ɗaya bisa ka'idar matsa lamba na pneumatic. Mai matsawa yana motsa iska a cikin mai karɓar, kuma daga can iska mai matsawa a ƙarƙashin matsa lamba a cikin yanayi hudu ya shiga cikin motar kwalliya.

Ana ɗora ƙafafun kafa a kan filaye mai mahimmanci tare da babban bangare na aminci. Knuckles kore sanduna, wadda hulɗa tare da tsutsa inji ga tuƙi shafi. Rundunar wutar lantarki ba a wancan lokaci ba, don haka motar motar motar a kan babbar karfin sojan soja zai iya zama mai tsanani kuma ya shirya don aikin soja na yau da kullum.