ZIS-110. A Soviet fasinja mota aji

Class mota daga cikin mafi girma category na ZIS-110 da aka halitta a shekarar 1945. The inji ne aka yi nufi ga bauta wa Kremlin nomenclature, da gwamnati da kuma ministoci. A model wakilta wani goyon firam tsarin ƙara ƙarfin iya goyon bayan karin nauyi na sulke jiki, tun da na'ura da saduwa musamman tsaro da bukatun.

American "Packard"

Samun ga ci gaban da wani model ZIS-110, wani rukuni na injiniyoyi kokarin la'akari da sha'aninsu dabam hali I. V. Stalina ga American mota alama "Packard". Dalili na aikin dauki wani Packard 180 Fe sedan saki a 1941. ZIS-110 Ka more "Packard", amma ya dubi "American" a matsayin dukan iya koya. Yana da aka aro da engine - jere "takwas". All sauran gyara da kuma majalisai da za a yi amfani da m samar.

jiki makamai

Model ZIS-110 ya zama ciwon kai ga zanen kaya a lokacin da ci gaban da mota ta aminci bel. Tun da na'ura da za a gashi, ya wajaba a sake lissafi duk jiki sigogi. Ba isa free sarari a ƙofar, inda bronelisty housed, ya hana windows sunadaran. Tã karfafa rufin ake bukata a mafi iko touring sigogi. Tare da ajiyar feathering matsalar da aka karami fuka-fuki a matsayin gaba da raya, kaho da akwati murfi bronelisty yarda ka gina wani kauri 8 millimeters. Karfafa version ya index "115".

ZIS-110. halaye na

Girma da kuma nauyi sigogi:

• Vehicle tsawon - 6000 mm.
• tsawo - 1730 mm.
• nisa - 1960 mm.
• tafi tsawo - 200 mm.
• wheelbase - 3760 mm.
• gaban hanya - 1520 mm.
• raya waƙa - 1600 mm.
• nauyi - 2575 kg.
• Fuel tank iya aiki - 80 lita.
• man fetur amfani - 23 lita 100 kilomita a hade yanayin.

ikon shuka

Engine fetur VMS 110 da carburetor allura, da wadannan sigogi:

• sanyi - a jere tsari.
• aiki girma - 6005 cc / cm.
• karfin juyi - 392 nm a 2000 rpm.
• Yawan cylinders - 8;
• Matsakaicin iya aiki - 141 lita. wani. a 3600 Rev. da minti.
• bawuloli - 16;
• Bugun jini - 108 mm.
• Silinda diamita - 90 mm.
• sanyaya - ruwa.
• Shawarar da man - fetur AI-72.

Transmission - wani uku-mataki inji aiki. gudun mai zaɓin liba aka located a kan tuƙi shafi zuwa dama.

shasi

A farko Soviet mota tare da m gaban dakatar fara samar a lokacin da aikin ZIS-110 da aka kaddamar. Kafin wannan, duk model, duka biyu sufurin kaya da fasinja, sanye take da gaban aksali a kan leaf marẽmari.

Tun da "ɗari da goma" da aka ɓullo da matsayin gwamnati domin, ya zama na farko da model da wani m gaban dakatar. Juyawa inji wani fil-type pivot, guda biyu zuwa ga tsutsa kumburi via wani daidaitacce gogayya. A hagu da dama gaban dakatar raka'a alaka da m gangara stabilizer mashaya.

Rear dakatar - wata gada da biyu aksali shafts da planetary bambanci, aiki a hypoid man shafawa. Dukan yi aka dakatar a kan Semi-elliptic leaf marẽmari. Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa buga absorbers shigar soja irin, a hade tare da wani haske sulke abin hawa, kamar yadda wani sulke mota da babba nauyi. A gaba dayan tsarin da aka tam linked katako giciye-sashe kwanciyar hankali.

taron

A duka shasi aka dogara ne a kan wani riveted firam na tashar. A gaban gefen memba saka engine. Top saka a kan frame jiki tsari, sa'an nan da fuka-fuki, bonit, taya murfi, duk da ciki kayan aiki da kuma na karshe zuwa ga ƙõfa. A taron jama'a da aka yi da hannu, ko da yake an yi tunanin cewa mota ne salla-samar. Kowane inji taru wata tawagar mutane hudu, wanda sa'an nan ya alhakin da ingancin aiki.

ciki

Gwamnatin VMS aka asali ɗauki cikinsa a matsayin wakilin alatu mota a cikin abin da za ka iya kira waje baƙi, jakadun da kuma sauran jami'ai. Fasinja kujerun da aka bã kulawa ta musamman. Don sanya su sosai da taushi da kuma dadi, matasan kai da aka cushe da kwakwa fringed gashi, yana da kyau kwarai spring Properties. A ma'aikatan inuwõyi cewa miƙa daga saman, an yi a cikin da dama yadudduka na tube na eiderdown.

The bakwai-seater limousine taba cikakken ɗora Kwatancen, yawanci a Bugu da kari ga direba a cikin mota sun biyu ko uku mutane. Kamar haka gudanar ya tabbatar da ra'ayi na wani fili ciki tare da wani babban matakin ta'aziyya. A cikin gareji da CPSU ya da matsayi na musamman na taya sarrafa. Sanin game da mai zuwa tafiye-tafiye - zuwa filin jirgin sama ka sadu da wakilan sabis catering, - jami'in aika da motoci a dama yawa, da amfanin su ya fi isa.

A kowane mota bene da aka rufe tsada kyãwãwa - Persian ko Tekin. A wuraren da dari bangarori suna trimmed da high quality-velor, fata upholstery a lokacin da aka ba tukuna. Air-motsa jiki ba a can, amma samun iska a cikin motoci ZIS-110 da aka dauke isasshe tasiri. Quietest magoya cika gida sabo iska ci gaba.

A cikin hunturu, duk da ducts switched zuwa dumama yanayin. a cikin sanyaya tsarin zazzabi ya game casa'in digiri Celsius, shi ya isa ga zafi da fasinja daki. Sashe na daga cikin zafi shaye iska da Gilashin motan, don kauce wa fogging. Domin m dumama da ciki sarari na mota ne ma used magoya, wanda aka kora a cikin gida ta hanyar zafi vents.

gaban mota

A cikin panel dukan zama dole masu auna sigina da Manuniya located a gaban direba. A kayan aiki panel ne m da kuma daukan up karamin sashi na "torpedo". A cibiyar aka located injin gwada sauri sauri tare da rectangular siffar. Kibiya aka hasken tare da canza launin hasken wuta. A gudun fi kilomita 60 a kowace awa ƙone kore, da sittin zuwa 120 - rawaya, da kuma a gudun kan 120 km / h hada da ja. Sikelin da injin gwada sauri suna denoted da lambobin ba tare da zeros. "6" - sittin km / h, "10" - ɗari da km / h, "12" - ɗari da ashirin km / h, da sauransu.

All iko na'urori masu auna sigina da kuma kayan hannu, amma ba a nuna ta, ko kuwa alamu. Located a kan hagu na injin gwada sauri fetur matakin nuna alama a cikin tanki da ruwa zafin jiki a cikin sanyaya tsarin. Dama ya ammeter nuna cajin baturi kuma karfin man haska. Akwai aka kuma sanya kibiya shugabanci Manuniya walƙiya ja haske, blue haske (babban katako) da kuma kore nuna walai kan.

Don dama ya rediyo magana located kasa da mai gyara. Bugu da ari ga dama, a fadin daga cikin mota, aka gina shi "safar hannu akwatin" - wani akwatin for kananan abubuwa. Plate kuma firam na'urorin, matuƙin jirgin ruwa controls ne classic da hauren giwa, a wani salon sanya fitar da duk na farko Soviet motoci - ZIS, ZIL, "Nasara", "Volga", "Moskvich".

A Tarayyar Soviet, akwai wani hali na fasinja mota samarwa a daya, kowa da kowa model na style. Yana da aka gaye za a yi ado da waje Chrome ko nickel-plated sassa, moldings, ado da karfe faranti da nameplates. Soviet na da motoci da kuma a yau bambanta da yawan kyalkyali halaye.

Wannan shi ne musamman bayyanannu a cikin Gaz-21 "Volga", a cikin abin da Gilashin motan ya kewaye a cikin wani Chrome firam nisa na hudu santimita, da kuma gaban grille na "whalebone" shi ne wani jauhari da dukan gaban da na'ura. Sauran na da motoci na Soviet yi ma daban-daban m Glittering abubuwa.

cabriolet

A shekara ta 1949 da ma'aikata suna bayan Stalin ya fara taro samar da ZIS-110 bude-saman a iri biyu - da chaise da canzawa. Cars ba tare da wani rufin ake bukata domin hutu ziyara na High umurnin na Soviet Army a lokacin soja farati, kazalika da tafiye-tafiye a waje da birnin a mai kyau weather da kuma mambobi na Politburo na Soviet gwamnati tare da kasashen waje baƙi.

Model ZIS-110 "canzawa" duba sosai organically a kan titunan Moscow, cikin Kremlin a lokacin da motorcade na limousines tafiya daga jeri na Tverskaya Street, ya haye Red Square, ya tafi a kan Moskvoretsky gada da bi a cikin shugabanci na Big Ordynka. Canzawa retractable rufin yana mai taushi baki tarpaulin, wanda ta wajen wani lantarki drive motsa fitar musamman maharibai da kwanciya abin hawa a taron na mummunan yanayi.

Bugu da ƙari convertibles samar karusai, wanda bai da raya kofa windows. Wadannan inji aka yi amfani da ficewar ministan tsaron kasar, a lokacin da shi ya kasance wani farati a kan Red Square a kan May 9. Gwamnati na da uku gareji chaise ZIS-110 launin toka-blue color. Biyu motoci tafi zuwa ga farati, kuma daya ne ko da yaushe a shirye a ajiye. Kowane inji sanye take da wani musamman counter a tsakiyar gida, wadda aka gudanar domin Ministan Tsaro ko kuma ya canza. Karusai ma da retractable rufin, amma shi ne kusan ba amfani.

Gyara da kuma goyon baya

Executive motoci ZIS-110 ne hannunka-harhada kuma wuce wani m gwajin sa'an nan bi gospriemka. Saboda haka, babu fasaha shortcomings, kasawa, engine kasawa da kuma sauran sunadaran da aka gano. aiki na inji yana da wani low-tsanani, kowane VMS ga shekara ta faru ba fiye da goma sha biyar kilomita dubu. Da zarar a cikin shekaru biyu da aka rubuta kashe cars, amma babu wani daga cikinsu ya samu shiga zaman kansa hannuwa - mutum mallakar gwamnatin limousines Ba a yarda.

Service za'ayi a kai a kai, da fasaha map, qware a cikin Kremlin nazarinsa. Idan dole, gyara motar ya shiga wani bincikowa da cibiyar, sa'an nan - ga shagon profile dawo. ZIS-110 kayayyakin gyara "samu" tsananin a sakamakon fasaha gwaninta, amma rashin su taba faru.

kudin na

Gina daya mota gudanar a zagaye Naira Miliyan Xari, ZIS-110 yana daya daga cikin mafi tsada abubuwa na Soviet mota masana'antu. Amma tun da na'ura da aka samar domin nomenklatura jami'an, sa'an nan magana game da kudin ba ya. A kudi kasaftawa a isa yawa da kuma ko da yaushe a kan lokaci.

Yau, da ZIS-110 ne a rare mota, da darajar a matsayin fasaha da kayan aiki, zai iya zama low, amma tarihi na na'ura Halicci gaske sama-high farashin. Duk wani tarin tsohon motoci za a iya yi wa ado da wannan model saki a cikin hamsin hamsin na karshe karni. ZIS-110, farashin wanda dabam daga 185 dubu zuwa rabin miliyan daloli, shi ne wani riba da zuba jari. The kudin na inji ba zai fada a kasa da ba iyaka, shi ne kawai zai iya tashi. Irin wannan ne jihar da kasuwar na girbin Soviet-sanya motoci.

gyare-gyare

shida daban-daban versions aka saki a lokacin da samar da tsarin ZIS-110:

• 110A - karusa na gaggawa likita taimakon.
• 110B - a mota tare da jiki "phaeton".
• 110V - canzawa tare da rumfa.
• 110P - dabaran drive gyara gwaji zane;
• 110SH - iko mota, a ma'aikatan.
• ZIS-115 - gashi.