Yadda aka talikai. Theories na Universe

Microscopic barbashi cewa mutum ido ne iya ganin kawai tare da wani microscope, kazalika da babbar taurari da kuma star gungu, da tunanin mutane. Tun zamanin da, da kakanninmu kokarin fahimtar ka'idojin da halittu, amma ko da a cikin zamani duniya ainihin amsar tambayar "ta yaya Universe" ba ya zama tukuna. Zai yiwu tunanin mutum ba ba a sami wani bayani irin wannan a duniya matsala?

Wannan asiri, masana kimiyya sun yi kokarin fahimtar da shekaru daban-daban daga dukkan sassan duniya. Dalili na duk msar tambayar bayani ne zato kuma lissafin. Wurare da dama a shiriritar ci gaba ta hanyar kimiyya, da masana da aka tsara don ƙirƙirar fahimtar duniya da bayanin asalin ta manyan-sikelin tsarin da sinadaran abubuwa da kuma bayyana tarihin asalin.

kirtani ka'idar

Wannan jarrabawa ne wasu har ta rushe Big Bang a matsayin na farko kafuwarta na bude sarari abubuwa. A cewar kirtani ka'idar, talikai ya wanzu. Jarrabawa bayyana hulda da al'amarin, kuma wani tsarin inda akwai wani sa na barbashi, wanda ya kasu kashi quark, bosons da leptons. A sauki sharuddan, wadannan abubuwa ne da kafuwar duniya, saboda su size ne don haka kananan, cewa rabo a cikin sauran aka gyara zama ba zai yiwu ba.

A rarrabe da ka'idar yadda sararin samaniya da aka kafa, ta zama wata sanarwa game da muka ambata a sama gaɓũɓuwa, waxanda suke da matsananci-microscopic kirtani cewa an kullum fluctuating. Kadai, ba su da kayan form, kasancewa makamashi, wanda ya hado don ƙirƙirar dukan jiki abubuwa na halittu. Wani misali na wannan halin da ake ciki zai fire: neman a shi, shi alama kome, amma shi ne ko iskar.

Big Bang - na farko binciken kimiyya bane

Marubucin wannan jarrabawa ne falakin Edwin Habll wanda a shekara ta 1929 ya lura cewa yawan taurari a hankali girma baya. A ka'idar ce cewa a halin yanzu manyan halittu sun samo asali daga barbashi wanda yana da microscopic size. Future sararin samaniya abubuwa ne a mufuradi jihar da ba shi yiwuwa a sami bayanai a kan matsa lamba, zazzabi ko yawa. The dokokin kimiyyar lissafi a irin wannan yanayi ba zai shafi makamashi da kuma kome.

A sabili da rashin zaman lafiya da ake kira Big Bang, wanda ya faru a cikin barbashi. Original da wani ɓaɓɓake, yada a sarari, kafa da nebula. Bayan wani lokaci, wadannan kananan abubuwa kafa sunadaran da taurari, taurari da kuma taurari da sararin samaniya, kamar mu san su a yau.

cosmic kumbura

Wannan ka'idar da haihuwa na duniya ya furta cewa, a wannan zamani, a farko an sanya shi a cikin wani izuwa kananan batu a Jihar singularity, wanda ya fara girma a wani m taki. Bayan wani dan kankanin lokaci, da girma ya wuce gudun haske. Wannan tsari shine ake kira "kumbura."

Babban makasudin bayyana jarrabawa ne ba yadda sararin samaniya da aka kafa, da kuma dalilai domin ta fadada da kuma manufar cosmic singularity. A sakamakon aikin a kan wannan ka'idar, ya bayyana cewa, domin ya warware wannan matsala, nema kawai lissafin da kuma sakamakon bincike akan msar tambayar hanyoyin.

creationism

Wannan ka'idar ta mamaye na dogon lokaci har sai ƙarshen XIX karni. A cewar creationism, Organic duniya, Adam, da Duniya kuma mafi yawansu, da dukan duniya da aka halitta da Allah. A cikin jarrabawa ta bayyana a tsakanin masana kimiyya, wanda ba shanyewa Kiristanci kamar yadda wani bayani na tarihi na duniya.

Creationism shi ne na farko, maƙiyi juyin halitta. All yanayi ne da halitta da Allah a cikin kwanaki shida, cewa mu gani a kullum, da aka asali ya kuma kasance iri guda har yanzu. Wato, da kai kamar yadda irin wannan bai wanzu ba.

A farkon karni XX fara accelerating jari na ilimi a fagen kimiyyar lissafi, taurari, lissafi da kuma ilmin halitta. Tare da sabon data, masana kimiyya sa maimaita yunkurin bayyana yadda sararin samaniya da aka kafa, game da shi, turawa creationism cikin bango. A duniya ta yau, wannan ka'ida ya dauki wani nau'i na falsafa halin yanzu, kunsha na addini a matsayin tushen, kazalika da camfin da kuma facts, kuma ko da kimiyya da ilmi ba.

Anthropic manufa Stephen Hawking

Ya jarrabawa a matsayin dukan za a iya bayyana a 'yan kalmomi: bazuwar events ba faru. Our duniya a yau yana da fiye da 40 fasali, ba tare da wanda rayuwa a duniya za ta kasance ba.

American astrophysicist H. Ross ya kiyasta yiwuwar bazuwar events. A sakamakon haka, da masanin kimiyyar samu lambar 10 da wani mataki na -53 (idan na karshe lambobi ne kasa da 40, wani hatsari ne dauke m).

Observable duniya qunshi tiriliyan taurari da kuma a cikin kowane daga cikinsu ne kamar biliyan 100 taurari. Haka kuma, yawan taurari a sararin samaniya ne 10 digiri a ta ashirin, da kuma shi ne 33 umarni na girma kasa da a baya lissafi. Saboda haka, a ko'ina cikin halittu ne babu irin wannan musamman wuraren da yanayi a duniya da zai ba da damar maras wata-wata zargin rayuwa.