Babban aka gyara daga cikin kwamfuta. PC na'urar

Wannan ku, masoyi mai karatu, san game da kwamfutarka? Hakika, da cikawa da kuma zurfin da martani zai dogara ne a kan al'amurra da dama. Wasu daga gare ku involuntarily juya zuwa waje ilmi daga makaranta manhaja, samu a kwamfuta kimiyya darussa. Kuma abu ne mai wuya talakawan mai amfani da tunani game da abin da ya ta'allaka a karkashin m murfin da tsarin naúrar. Matsayin mai mulkin, ilmi na matan aure dangane da mu gani fahimtar batun kwayoyin halitta: ƙarfe ko roba akwatin, duba, keyboard da kuma linzamin kwamfuta. Kuma yana da daraja don yarda, kamar yadda objectivity irin wannan ra'ayi sosai characterizes misali PC hardware a general. Duk da haka, da aka gyara na da kwamfuta - shi ne da wani abu fiye da da sauki da kuma iyakance ganuwa da tsarin naúrar da kuma wasu sassan jiki da alaka da shi peripherals. Karanta alkawarai ya zama m, da kuma labarin abu wanda tabbas zai zama wani masomin da son sani.

Babban aka gyara daga kwamfuta: cewa ya ga uwargida

Ta yaya zan ba zai so shi, amma ba tare da kwamfuta terminology, mu kawai ba zai iya yi. Saboda haka za a shirya saduwa wasu daga cikin na musamman kalmomi. Ba zato ba tsammani, yana da muhimmanci don ya cece ku lokaci a nan gaba. Mu a yanzu gaba kai tsaye zuwa wani m ka'idar da la'akari da matsayin shigar da jerin asali sanyi na da keken PC.

• Tsarin naúrar - da hali a cikin abin da kwamfuta hardware shaƙewa.
• Saka idanu - mai nuni na'urar mai hoto da kuma halin bayanai.
• Keyboard - keyboards kwamfuta iko hanyar da shigar da bayanai da kuma dokokin.
• Linzamin kwamfuta - manual jan kafar, wanda sabobin tuba inji motsi a cikin wani iko alama.

Tsarin fasali na sarrafa kwamfuta na'urorin

Wadannan aka gyara na da kwamfuta suke da muhimmanci abubuwa na tebur gyare-gyare. Kwamfyutocin cinya, Allunan, kuma na hannu lantarki Soup dangantaka da irin šaukuwa sarrafa kwamfuta. Irin wannan na'urorin da m gidaje. Duk da asali hardware aka gyara an hade a cikin wani aure na'urar, inda aka samu da kuma iyakar practicality na'urar. A undeniable amfani da kwamfyutocin ne sarrafawa cin gashin kuma sassauci a amfani. Akwai wani irin kwamfuta kayan aiki - monoblock. Wannan irin sarrafa kwamfuta na'urar - a giciye tsakanin wani tebur da kuma mobile tsarin. Aro daga dada kwamfyutar hardware da tukwãne "da aka makala" zuwa wurin aiki na gargajiya PC marginalize irin wannan fasaha a cikin raba gabatar da irin sarrafa kwamfuta na'urorin.

Gyara na kwamfuta tsarin naúrar

Ciki da m hali ne aka gyara daga cikin tsarin , abin da kyakkyawan ne a hardware sanyi na wani PC. Babban kwamfuta sassa aka dauke su motherboard naúrar, kamar yadda wannan kashi ne wani nau'i ne na kashin na lantarki tsarin, wanda, a Bugu da kari ga m aka gyara - CPU da RAM sanduna - ƙarin fadada kayayyaki za a iya shigar. A wuri na musamman a cikin tsarin naúrar da aka ba da bayanai ajiya na'urar - rumbunka. Wadannan aka gyara na kwamfuta, kamar yadda wani sanyaya tsarin da kuma samar da wutar lantarki, kuma located a cikin PC gidaje. Duk da haka, šaukuwa Soup sami iko daga waje wutar lantarki na'urar. Yawanci, wani sirri kwamfuta sanye take da wani Tantancewar drive ga karatu da rubutu data. Babban dubawa panel aka fitar.

Muhimman sassa na kwamfuta: processor - da "zuciya" da PC

Wannan guntu yi aikin aiki na data cibiyar. Non-CPU kwamfuta kawai zai yi aiki ba. CPU ikon halin da Agogon mita, wanda aka auna a MHz. Duk da haka, shi ya dogara da matuƙar nuna alama daga cikin matakin da CPU yi na amfani da fasahar. Lokacin da Multi-Threaded aiki (aiki na biyu ko fiye a lokaci guda amfani da aikace-aikace) suna da cikakkar riba CPU, ciwon Multi-core gine na gine-gine. Wannan fasaha ɓangare na kwamfuta - da processor - kunshi wani tsakiya da kuma ta hade bangaren sassa: Ga ni / Yã bas da adireshin bas. Speed na aiki data tsakanin ce aka gyara aka bayyana a cikin bit CPU. A mafi girma da ya ce darajar, da girma da bandwidth na CPU bas.

RAM: mataimaki-gudun CPU

Wannan maras tabbas bangaren na tsarin, wanda yake shi ne irin matsakanci tsakanin tsakiyar processor da wani babbar rumbu. Duk da haka, sadarwa zai iya faru kai tsaye tsakanin CPU da RAM da kwamfuta. RAM module shigar a wani musamman banki-Ramin motherboard. Na RAM girma, wanda aka auna a raka'a data (MB), kazalika da damar da tsarin na'urar bas, gudun da OS dogara. Akwai da dama iri irin memory for yau:

• Rabu amfani nau'i na memory - SIMM da DIMM.
• The fi na kowa iri na RAM - DDR, DDR2, DDR3.
• Wani sabon nau'in RAM - DDR4.

Kamar yadda ba za ka iya kwatanta, da aka gyara na da kwamfuta dole ne yayi daidai da wani guda daya misali. By sayen wani ƙarin memory module, kana bukatar ka sani daidai da abin da irin memory irin goyan bayan da motherboard.

Hard faifai: "baƙin ƙarfe" Memory

Ba kamar RAM rubuta a kan HDD, da data za a iya adana na dogon lokaci. Aiki tukuru faifai dangane da manufa na canza Magnetic filin kusa da rikodi kai. A drive na irin wannan ne inji na'ura, da yadda ya dace da wanda ya dogara a kan ta muhimmi halaye:

• Maras muhimmanci iya aiki - da adadin data cewa za a iya adana a cikin HDD.
• bazuwar damar lokaci - yi sakawa aiki a wani sabani sarari rabo.
• tsakiyar dogara sanda Speed - Auna yawan juyin minti daya.
• Buffer size - wani tsaka-tsaki memory, wanda aka lasafta a MB.
• A data kudi - da ikon da na'urar xaukar wani adadin bayanai da na biyu. Lissafta bi da bi samun wani musamman (Magana game da m da ciki zone) na faifai rabo daga na sirri kwamfuta.

Hažaka your PC, m sarrafa kwamfuta devaysa da sabis kayan aiki ne sau da yawa hade da ginawa-up na tsarin aiki yi. Kuma kwanan nan ya bayyana m jihar tafiyarwa, kazalika da zai yiwu za a iya magance matsalar gudun kowace kwamfuta fasaha. Duk da haka, da mun gwada da kananan adadin sarari a wani babban SSD-naúrar farashin for yawa masu amfani ne ga sa shi mai laushi, unacceptable bayani.

Video: a gani wakilci

Wadanne ne abubuwan da kwamfuta alhakin graphics? Amsar wannan tambaya shi ne quite sauki. Da farko - wannan ne video katin, sa'an nan - da CPU, da kuma bayan - RAM PC. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa graphics katunan ne mai hankali da kuma Hadakar. Saboda haka wajibi ne a yi la'akari a cikin mafi daki-daki, a kan wasu daga irin wannan kayan aiki.

Gina a cikin motherboard graphics guntu

Yawanci, kwakwalwa mafi ƙasƙanci price category suna sanye take da Hadakar video. Kamar yadda ka sani, musamman cika wadannan kwakwalwan kwamfuta ba su mallaka. Duk da haka, domin ofishin ayyuka, duba multimedia abu da kuma ko ba gudu hanya-m caca aikace-aikace wannan zabin ne m. Lura: a ciki chipset video katin iya ba jiki a yi la'akari da raba kashi na sa.

Mai hankali Graphics Katin Type

A yau shi ne mafi inganci Hanyar ƙara da graphics damar a PC. Wannan graphics module aka saka a cikin wani musamman PCI-fadada Ramin na motherboard. Ta hanyar dubawa connector, wanda aka ayi a kan video katin da kuma sanya a waje da shasi, ta haɗu duba. A video memory da kuma damar ta tayoyin, da kuma mita na tsakiya, da kuma irin zane pixel cika kudi ne babba sigogi na graphics yi tanadi m PC. Yanzu, idan ka tambaye wani: "Jerin da aka gyara na kwamfuta," ya kamata ka sani cewa wani mai hankali graphics katin kamar yadda tsayayya ga hadedde graphics guntu - shi ne raba gabatar a koyaushe.

PC Kanfigareshan: aikin fadada da kuma na zamani

Da zarar ka koya ko yake sanyaya kafin bayanai da cewa shi ne a cikin PC tsarin naúrar, bari shãfe a kan wannan tambaya da abin da yake da inganci da kuma yadda shi da dangantaka da jigo na labarin biyayya.

Saboda haka, ƙarin sassa na kwamfuta - shi ne ba kawai da na gefe na'urorin: firintocinku, Scanners, yanar gizo cams, da dai sauransu, da alaka da duk wani dubawa connector ko da alaka via da fasaha mara waya zuwa PC, amma kuma wasu aka gyara na da tsarin, wanda ake kira .. tushe. Alal misali, mai amfani zai iya ƙara ko da yaushe da aiki albarkatu na kwamfutarka ta shigar da free banki-Ramin motherboard ƙarin RAM kayayyaki. M yan wasa sau da yawa saka a kan su kwakwalwa biyu m video katin. Audio capabilities za a iya ƙwarai fadada ta haɗa wani zato sauti katin. Cibiyar sadarwa da kuma DVB-katin, daban-daban masu karatu da kuma TV-tuners, kazalika da kuri'a na sauran kayan aiki - zai iya duka zama abubuwa na zamani, wato, hažaka da PC. The kawai ya rage mata ga jirgin al'ada fantasy iya zama kasa motherboard manufacturability.

kafin kammala

Yanzu za ku ba za a kama kashe tsare idan an ce muku: "Jerin da aka gyara na kwamfuta." Duk da haka, domin cikawa na ilmi game da na'urar PC zama wani abu dabam fiye da fahimta. Bayan duk, a baya sakin layi kawai wucewa ambaci aka sanya na sadarwa damar da kwamfuta. A halin yanzu, da PC motherboard sanye take da daban-daban dubawa haši, daga cikinsu da babban wadanda:

• PS / 2 - domin dangane da linzamin kwamfuta da kuma keyboard.
• USB - duniya tashar jiragen ruwa don a haɗa zuwa gefe na'urorin.
• VGA - connector ga duba.
• RJ45 - don a haɗa da ikon haši.

Don kwanan wata, ta zamani, sarrafa kwamfuta kayan sanye take da dama mara igiyar waya kayayyaki. PC developers ba da sabon sadarwa Properties. Masana'antun suna al'amurra jiya da jũna shahararre neman sauyi da fasaha. Lantarki aka hanzari fadada da iyakoki da tasiri. Duk da haka, da aiwatar da mutum tunani zai ko da yaushe zama dalilin kwamfuta kayan aiki. Saboda hanyar wani mutum yana zaton, babu daya da kome a duniya ba zai iya tunani.

fasaha epilogue

Tare da amincewa da ka iya ɗauka cewa kun san abin da a yanzu kira da kwamfuta. Duk da haka, da bayanai - kawai wani digo a cikin teku na bayanai don shafa batu, saboda ya gaya maka game da kwamfuta na'urar a general - in faɗi kõme! Saboda haka, kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, shi wajibi ne don nuna son sani, kuma su kusanci batun tsanani karatu kwamfuta na'urar. Tabbata irin wannan ilmi sanya ka wata yawa aukaka. Bayan duk, nan gaba na kwamfuta!