Watsawa na haske

The haske katako wucewa ta cikin triangular Prism ne deflected zuwa gefen kwance daura da refracting Prism kwana. Duk da haka, idan shi ne kawai wani gungu na fari haske, shi ne bayan da izinin ta cikin ruwan tabarau, ba kawai sun ƙaryata, amma kuma decomposes cikin canza launin bim. Wannan sabon abu ne da ake kira watsawa na haske. An farko karatu Isaakom Nyutonom a 1666 a cikin jerin ƙwarai gwaje-gwajen.

A cibiyar haske a Newton gwaje-gwajen aiki a matsayin karamin madauwari rami located in rufe akwatin hasken hasken rana. Lokacin da gaban da rami da aka saka Prism ne a kan bango maimakon zagaye spots bayyana canza launin line, kira Newton kewayo. Irin wannan Spector kunshi bakwai farko launuka: ja, Orange, yellow, kore, Cyan, shuɗi, da shunayya, wanda a hankali ya musanya daga daya zuwa wani. Kowace daga cikinsu bautarka a bakan sarari na daban-daban masu girma dabam. A mafi girma tsawon wata m band, da karami - ja.

A gaba kwarewa shi ne, na fadi da katako na launin haskoki, samu ta amfani da mai Prism, wani allo tare da karamin rami suka tsaya daga kunkuntar bim na wani launi da kuma aika zuwa na biyu Prism.

Prism qaryata su, bai canza launi da wadannan haskoki. Irin wannan haskoki ake kira sauki ko monochromatic (daya launi).

Experience ya nuna cewa ja haskoki jin kadan sabawa idan aka kwatanta da Violet, Ina nufin daban-daban launi bim aka refracted daban Prism.

Tattara ruwan tabarau canza launin daure na tahowa daga cikin Prism, Newton samu wani farin allo maimakon na fentin fari tsiri bude image.

Dukkan wadannan gwaje-gwajen, Newton sanya wadannan karshe:

• fari haske a cikin yanayi ne mai wuyar ganewa haske, wanda ya kunshi masu launin haskoki.
• a launi daban-daban haske haskoki, da kuma Refractive fihirisa ne daban-daban jamiái. a sakamakon wannan, lokacin da fari haske katako ne deflected Prism, shi ne bazu a cikin wani bakan;
• Idan United canza launin haskoki na bakan, ka samu fari haske sake.

Saboda haka, watsawa na haske - wani sabon abu wanda taso daga dogaro da Refractive index of abu a kan zango (ko mita).

Watsawa na haske an kiyaye ba kawai a lokacin da haske ya wuce ta wata Prism, amma kuma a cikin daban-daban wasu lokuta, da refraction haske. Saboda haka, misali, refraction a ruwa droplets hasken rana bi da bazuwar cikin canza launin haskoki, wannan shi ne kwatanta bakan gizo samuwar.

Newton ya samu a bakan directed zuwa Prism wajen m cylindrical katako na hasken rana ta hanyar da zagaye rami sanya a rufe.

Bakan haka samu ne jerin launi daban-daban images of zagaye ramukan partially overlapping tare da juna. Don samun mafi tsarki bakan, a cikin binciken na sabon abu na watsawa na haske, Newton shawarar ba don amfani a zagaye rami, da kuma kunkuntar tsaguwa a layi daya ga refracting gefen Prism. Tare da ruwan tabarau a kan allon da aka samu a sarari image na tsaguwa sa'an nan shigar bayan da ruwan tabarau Prism wanda ya ba da bakan.

A mafi tsabta da kuma haske a jere da aka samu tare da taimakon musamman na'urorin - spectrometers da spectrographs.

Absorption haske - wani sabon abu a cikin abin da haske kalaman makamashi da rage-rage tare da eѐ wucewa ta al'amarin. Wannan shi ne saboda da hira da haske makamashi na tãguwar ruwa zuwa makamashi na sakandare radiation, ko a cikin wasu kalmomi, da ciki makamashi na abu wanda yana da wani daban-daban na abun da ke ciki da kuma sauran shugabanci na yaduwa.

Light sha iya haifar da dumama da kayan, ionization ko zumudi na kwayoyin halitta ko kwayoyin, photochemical halayen da kuma sauran matakai a al'amarin.