Volcanoes na Antarctica - wadda ba'a gano ta asĩri

Antarctica - da m nahiyar penguins da iyakacin duniya hamadar madawwami kankara, na karshe na bude na ɓangaren duniya a yau talauci da aka sani kuma boye ta asĩri unrevealed. Volcanoes na Antarctica - daya daga cikin wadanda asirai cewa ba cikin sauri ya bude.

Hidden kankara kauri

Active da kuma dadaddun, ƙasar da kuma karkashin ruwa - Yau da volcanic nahiyar Antarctica yana da wani kasida game da 35 a ƙasar, da kuma a kalla 18 daga cikinsu - aiki ne. A karshe daya da aka gano a cikin 2008, shi ne boye a karkashin kankara da aka located kusa da Gulf of Pine Island a cikin Hudson Mountains. Yana da aka gano a cikin probing da kankara daga iska, da kuma yadda da yawa daga cikinsu sun ba tukuna gano?

A farko, amma ba na karshe

The tambaya "Shin akwai volcanoes a Antarctica?" Ya rasa munasaba a cikin m 1841, lokacin da balaguro na James Ross gan biyu volcanoes - dormant addashin Erebus da Firgitar (mai suna ga balaguro jiragen ruwa). Tun daga nan ne ta fara nazarin volcanoes da sabon binciken. Saboda haka, a 2010, akwai lokatan rahotanni a kan wuyan sarkar na 12 undersea volcanoes na Antarctica. Amfani Sonar an gano cewa wasu tsawo ya kai kilomita 3. Bakwai daga cikinsu akwai aiki, da kuma ruwa ne dadaddun aman wuta bakin dutse tare da diamita na zuwa 5 kilomita.

Erebus aman wuta

A mafi kudancin dukkan aiki volcanoes a duniya - Erebus - yana da tsawo kusan 4000 mita saman teku matakin da wani bakin dutse a diamita 805 zurfin mita a 274 mita. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin uku volcanoes na duniya, wanda shi ne a cikin zurfin wani volcanic inexhaustible pool na lawa. Wannan shi ne abin da ya bada Erebus peculiar haske da cewa ya zama shiriya ga duk matuƙan na Ross Sea. A karshe na 8 shekara ɗari babbar shigowa ne a shekarar 1972, a lokacin da lawa fita zuwa tsawo na takwas labarin ginin.

Ci na Erebus - wani al'amari na girmamawa

Ga masu bincike a Antarctica hawa a kan wannan hatsari aman wuta ya zama kusan wata kamu da wani ra'ayi. Da farko nasara da shi a 1908, wani rukuni na furofesoshi na balaguro na Ernest Shackleton, wanda ya shekara 50 da haihuwa. Yana da wadannan masu bincike na farko ga lawa lake a bakin dutse.

Geologists daga New Zealand a shekara ta 1974, kafa sansanin a cikin babban bakin dutse, amma na ayyuka na aman wuta, ba su yarda musu su gano ciki bakin dutse. Ko da yake a hanya zuwa aman wuta suna tarewa mahara garin kankara kololuwa a shekara garken shi, masu bincike, matsananci.

aman wuta Munafuncin

Shetlanskih tsakiyar tsibirin, 850 kilomita kudu-gabashin Cape Kakakin ne ƙãga na aukuwa Bay Port Foster. An wannan aiki mai aman wuta ne dauke da alhakin mafi girma a san shigowa. Aman wuta bude a 1820, Kyaftin Uilyam Smit, kuma a shekarar 1960 ya bayyana hadin gwiwa UK Station, Chile da kuma Argentina. A cikin tsawon 1967-1969 ta, a sakamakon dama eruptions, Chile da kuma UK tashoshin da aka hallaka. Kawai Argentina, wanda a 2000 ya koma Spain.

m Munafuncin

Wannan shi ne wani rare "kankara aman wuta", wanda yake shi ne karkashin gleiser kauri daga sama zuwa mita 100. Son shi motsa sannu a hankali, kuma ya zo da surface mai girma adadin datti. Volcanologists yau ba gaba daya tabbata daga asalin da aman wuta - ko wannan sabani aman wuta (bambanta rarrabuwar ɓawon burodi), ko da shi ne kafa ta subduction (daya nutse ɓawon burodi daga ƙarƙashinsu wani) tectonic faranti.

Dutsen Sidley

Land Meri Berd kewaye qunshi volcanic dutsen kunya a kan Board (Executive kwamitin Range). A tsawo daga Dutsen Sidley game 4.3 dubu mita, da kafar - 2,5 dubu mita. Daya daga gẽfen dũtse Forms caldera volcanic bakin dutse tare da diamita na 5 kilomita. A kauri daga cikin kankara shafi kai 2 kilomita kuma idan kankara narke, ta bayyana a nan a cikin nau'i na Japan biyu tarin tsiburai na volcanic asalin.

Volcanoes na Antarctica da kuma nan gaba na duniya

A cewar Nature Geoscience, volcanic aiki rinjayar da kudi na kankara narkewa. Heat kwarara daga Antarctica volcanoes, wucewa ta cikin duniya ta ɓawon burodi, Yanã rashin zaman lafiya na kankara harsashi ɓangaren duniya. Masana kimiyya sun abunda aka kwaikwaya taswirar duniya bayan da kimanta narkewa Antarctic kankara. Kuma shi ba shi da yawa daga Arewacin Amirka da kuma jihar bakin teku wuraren India. Gaba daya kura idon London da kuma Venice, da Netherlands da kuma Denmark. Daga cikin kasashen da za su sha wahala, babu Rasha.

Antarctic fantasy

A shekara ta 2017, latsa ya ruwaito a cikin ayyukan NASA a bakin dutse da aman wuta Dutsen Erebus a kan search portal zuwa wasu halittu kõ wata alãma daga baki. Yanzu kowa ya san abin da aman wuta da aka located in Antarctica.

A babbar biyu-mita harafin "M" a kan daya daga cikin tsibiran ya dade wani asiri. Amma ya juya waje cewa a cikin wannan hanya a Polish bincike immortalized da sunan lady na zuciyarsa Magda. Duk da haka, da kayan zaba shi ne ban sha'awa - shi ne makewayi na penguins.

Biyu kololuwa na dutse a bakin ƙofar Lemaire Channel mai suna quite rarrabe - "Boob Una." Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na Birtaniya balaguro da gaske shi ne wata yarinya Una. Sha'awa, tun wasu volcanoes kuma yanzu Nameless.

A Antarctica, mai yawa subglacial tabkuna da sabo ruwa. By wasu kimomi, akwai game da 140. Amma babbar - Gabas. Its nisa na 50 kilomita kuma tsawon - 250.

Amma daga Taylor gleiser gudana Blood Falls. Wannan sabon abu ne saboda kwayan aiki a cikin subglacial lake. Da suke ɓoyewa bivalent baƙin ƙarfe, wanda stains da ruwa a cikin iska a sinister launi.

Don da cizon yatsa na da yawa, akwai wani iyakacin duniya Bears a Antarctica. Da yara a nan kawai teku - kisa shark amma kankara. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa penguins a ƙasar irin wannan m.

A Antarctica, akwai 5 Rasha iyakacin duniya tashoshin. The most - "Gabas" - ne a yankin na geodesic Kudu iyakacin duniya.