Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov, shugaban Rasha Academy of Sciences: biography, kimiyya aiki

Rasha Academician Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov - wani masanin kimiyya ne da ya samu fice nasara a jiki yankin. Ya ya sadaukar da ilimi aiki da gudanar da nazari da ba-manufa jini, high makamashi yawa da makanikai da harin da tura taguwar ruwa. Yanzu ya riqe da matsayin shugaban da Rasha Academy of Sciences.

samuwar

Haifi Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov Janairu 23, 1946 a Noginsk. A 1962, sai ya shiga MIPT - Moscow Cibiyar Lissafi da Fasaha. bugawa cikin yanayi na nema a cikin jiki ta-Technical Institute ne m. A makaranta sõraye yawa wasanni, ciki har da Playing ga tawagar kasar na RSFSR a kwando. Saboda haka, Vladimir ba tsammani game da nan gaba na jami'a, saboda ƙa'ida iya samun kusan duk wani ma'aikata waje na gasar.

A lokacin rani, lokacin da takwarorina purposefully shirya domin ƙofar jarrabawa, Fort m bayar wa lokaci a kasar tare da dangi kusa Dolgoprudny (inda kuma shi ne MIPT). A cikin jiki-Technical Institute kira shi aboki. Nema yanke shawarar mika wuya "a kan shari'a" Nazarin kawai don gudanar da aiki. Da zarar a cikin MIPT da hatsari, Fort karshe ya yanke shawarar shigar da shi a can.

The saurayi ya kan baiwa Aerophysics da kuma sarari bincike. Tuni a cikin shekara ta biyu ya fara kimiyya aiki. dalibi shugaban zama thermal likita da kuma m, m Member na Tarayyar Soviet Academy of Sciences damban ne Vitaly Ievlev.

digiri na biyu makaranta

Ya sabawa rubuce-rubucensu kare sõraye farkon (an sadaukar da thermodynamic Fermi-Zel'dovich matsala). The dalibi sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare da kuma samu kansa a tsaka-tsaki. A matsayin 'yan qasar na Noginsk, ya ba da Moscow rajista da kuma, bisa ga dokoki, dã na kasance a kan rarraba je Vladivostok. Kafin barin sõraye karshe ya yi magana a wani kimiyya Taron. Akwai ya fara tambayoyi na wani masanin kimiyya. Bisa ga memoirs na Vladimir Ye, ya amsa ya ce, "cheeky". Na samu a cikin wani misãli, kuma bayan da jawabin masanin kimiyya gayyaci matasa likita don ci gaba da taken na sabon bincike. Sõraye koka da cewa ya bukatar je Vladivostok. Sa'an nan abõkinsa (shi ne daya daga cikin ubanninmu na atomic bam Yakov Zeldovich) tambayi Nobel Prize lashe Nikolay Semenov ba saurayin wani Apartment a Moscow, wanda zai yarda rajista da kuma rarraba matsalar. Kuma haka aka yi. Sõraye zauna a cikin babban birnin kasar da kuma zama wani digiri na biyu dalibi a MIPT.

A wannan lokaci da gida ga matasa gwani ya kujera na jiki makanikai. A shekara ta 1971, Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov kare rubutun da kuma samu mataki na dan takarar kimiyyar. A ta yau da kullum aikin likita dauke da sakamakon su gudanar da bincike karfi guda biyu jini da kuma buga tãguwar ruwa.

kimiyya da bincike

Bayan kare rubutun Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov ya fara aiki a Cibiyar Chemical Physics - Cibiyar Chemical Physics. Don matasa gwani bayar da shawarar Yakov Zeldovich.

A ICP sõraye ci gaba da karatu matsananci jihohin al'amarin, kuma bugu-matsa jini. A sakamakon wannan aikin ya zama tushen da ya doctoral dissertation. Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov kare shi a shekarar 1976. A daidai wannan lokacin, da masanin kimiyyar fara hayayyafa tare da haɗin gwiwar Lvom Altshulerom.

The aiki a cikin sarari masana'antu

Vladimir sõraye tsunduma ba kawai a cikin jini bincike. Ya sha'awar Shock loading na daban-daban kayan da su motsi, karfin da thermo-inji halaye a irin wannan yanayi. Masana kimiyya suna karatu da kuma neman sabon sunadaran da halaka da kuma nakasawa cewa faruwa a wata mafi girma tsauri gajiyan. Unique bayanai da kuma kwarewa tsiwirwirinsu a cikin wadannan binciken da tabbatar da zama musamman zama dole a 1980s tare da zuwan "Vega" - International Space shirin, a cikin abin da karatu Halley ta tauraro mai wutsiya.

Bincikar da ake bukata domin tasiri kariya daga meteorite tasirin. Wannan matsala ne kawai a yankin na iyawa da Vladimir Fortova da 'yan} ungiyarsu. Masana kimiyya sun ɓullo ba kawai a buga kariya ga bincike, amma pyleudarnye kimiyya kida. All daga gare su, da zarar a sarari, sun jimre tare da aiki da. A nazarin da tasiri mamaki ya aka damu da Soviet tsaro masana'antu. A cikin tsakiyar 1980s Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich, tare da abokan aikinsu Tomsk, kuma Novosibirsk, ya gudanar da yawa karatu alaka da m Properties na kayayyakin amfani a cikin yi na musamman kayan aiki.

Kuma irin abubuwan da binciken

Tare da yawa kimiyya cibiyoyin a lokacin da suka gudanar da bincike hada kai Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. Fage masanin kimiyya a sãɓãwar launukansa digiri hade da institute of mafi girma yanayin zafi da kuma Cibiyar Janar Physics, Academy of Sciences da Tarayyar Soviet. A karshe Vladimir sõraye gudanar da gwaje-gwajen da pulsed Laser katakanta, da sanya shi yiwuwa a yi mai aiki da na'urar kwamfuta model alaka sarari meteorites. A high yanayin zafi, Cibiyar ya kafa electrodynamic railgun totur.

A shekarar 1980 Vladimir sõraye fara gudanar da bincike don gano hanyoyin da za a sake fasalin m makamashi cikin wani muhimmin kimiyya na electromagnetic radiation. Domin su, a ICP sun gina na musamman naúrar, wanda a shekarar 1987 ya samu na farko multimegavattnye hasken dake fitowa halayyar da obin na lantarki radiation. A mastermind wannan nasara ne Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. Kasa, shekaru da kuma sauran halaye ƙẽƙasassu kafin hanya cewa ya bar a Soviet kimiyya.

ci gaba da bincike

A shirin na Vladimir Fortova a shekarar 1986 a Cibiyar high yanayin zafi ya fara gudanar da bincike a kan high-zazzabi thermal kimiyyar lissafi. Godiya ga aikin yi tsaye an da ake bukata domin gwaje-gwajen da high pulsed matsa lamba da kuma yawan zafin jiki. Ba da da ewa da suka shafi da aka gudanar na asali bincike, da abu na wanda suka Properties na al'amarin, wanda suke a cikin matsananci yanayin.

Don gudanar da binciken Fortov gaggautsa kayan Mun halitta na musamman da mai siffar zobe fashewa jam'iyya (na irin makaman tabbatar da most a duniya). Wannan kayan aiki ne har yanzu a amfani a yau. Kamara da sauran irin wannan shigarwa sun kasance a cikin Institute of thermal Physics da Extreme States, inda a Rasha Academy of Sciences ne yanzu na musamman cibiyar, wanda ya ƙware a kowane irin fashewar.

experimenter

A musamman abin yabo na Vladimir Fortova a matsayin masanin kimiyya ne da cewa ya halitta dukan sabon filin kimiyyar lissafi - tsauri kimiyyar lissafi na m plasmas. Domin wannan ya samu lambar yabo mai suna bayan Percy Bridgman. The masanin kimiyyar da aka alama da a gida. A shekarar 1987 kuma an zabe shi a m memba na Academy of Sciences da Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma a shekara ta 1991 - wani memba na sabuwar halitta Rasha Academy of Sciences.

A cikin shekarun 1990s Vladimir sõraye ya ɓullo da kansa bincike a kan ruwa crystal da kuma jini. Yanzu a cikin mallaka shi ya ba kawai saba dakin gwaje-gwaje, amma kuma da orbital hadaddun "Mir", kazalika da International Space Station. Wadannan nazarin fara soma. Suna da za'ayi a cikin wani m matsa lamba da kuma yawan zafin jiki fuska. Used matsakaici kamar wani jini haske fitarwa na kai tsaye halin yanzu, makaman nukiliya-jawo jini, jini, jini katako da kuma ultraviolet radiation jawo t. D.

A kan tsare na kimiyyar

Vladimir Fortov fara zauna muhimmanci gwamnati da kuma ilimi matsayi a lokacin da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet da kuma fitowan da wani sabon Rasha. Wadanda suka wuya shekaru, da kuma masana kimiyya yi dukan abin da ya dogara da shi a kan shi negate korau trends a cikin gida kimiyya. Ya jagoranci Rasha Foundation for Basic Research.

Har ila yau, likita ya zo da gwamnatin, inda ya zama mataimakin shugaban jihar kwamitin Science. A lokacin miƙa mulki zamani domin Rasha kimiyya Vladimir sõraye yawa bayyanuwa a kafofin watsa labarai, rubuta articles da kuma karfi da kare da ilimi moriyar kasar. Mun gode wa kokarin bayyana MVS 1000M - supercomputer iya a tiriliyan ayyukan da na biyu da za'ayi.

Zaben na shugaban kasar na Rasha Academy of Sciences

A shekarar 2013, shi da aka gudanar a babban taron da Rasha Academy of Sciences. sabon shugaban na Rasha Academy of Sciences, an zabe a taron. Bugu da kari Fortova, ga matsayi na Alexander da'awar Nekipelov da Zhores Aleferov. A kuri'ar da aka samu halartar kan 1,300 mutane. A cewar ta sakamakon doke Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. Shugaban Rasha Academy of Sciences tsiwirwirinsu 58% na kuri'un da aka kada.

Favorites a kan irin wannan muhimmanci ilimi matsayi, Vladimir sõraye tafi a kan Rotary mataki a cikin ilimi aiki. Status da kuma aikin ba da damar da shugaban kasar na RAS, kamar yadda kafin, da aiwatar da bincike. Mutane da yawa masana kimiyya sun soki domin ta "ba komai haqqinsa" zaɓi.

Sõraye kansa ya yi bayani da ya yanke shawara da cewa, a matsayin shugaban kasa, ya kasance, a ra'ayinsa, zai kawo yafi amfana da Rasha kimiyya. Ya zaben shirin da aka bisa ga ra'ayin da reorganization na RAS. Mutane da yawa daga cikin Academy zo ga ƙarshe cewa shi ne lokacin da za a gudanar da wani mai tsanani gyara daga Rasha kimiyya. A wannan ra'ayi da aka raba ta Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. Shugaban Rasha Academy of Sciences aka nada ta hanyar bayyana da mafi m view a cikin ilimi al'umma na kasar.

Sha'awa a kusa da garambawul na RAS

A wata biyu bayan zaben Fortova fara gyara Academy. Duk da haka, ta initiators wannan lokaci ba masana kimiyya, da kuma jami'ai daga ma'aikatar ilimi da kuma Science. Saboda wannan, Vladimiru Evgenevichu ya fara wani yaki tare da burokrasi. A cikin hirar, ya lura da cewa, ba da damar RAS sauya jami'an suka ba su da wata alaka da shi. A dukan duniya kwarewa, ya jaddada da shugaban kasar na Academy, ya nuna cewa irin wannan babbar ilimi ya gyara aikinsa, ya kamata a qaddamar kawai da masana kimiyya kansu, quite m, a abin da suka yi.

Ya main nasara daga mataki na farko na tsaya a cikin sabon matsayi kira ƙarshen sõraye "dabbanci", aikata by minobrom. Gaskiyar ita ce,, saboda dalilan tattalin arziki a cikin sashen miƙa wa gwamnati da ta kirkiro hukumar a kan tsiyacewa na Academy of Sciences. Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich - Shugaban Rasha Academy of Sciences, wanda lambobi da aka sani a high ofisoshin, ya iya dakatar da shirin.

Awards kuma LURA

Vladimir sõraye ya rage shugaban sashen kimiyyar lissafi na high-zazzabi matakai a MIPT. Masana kimiyya ci gaba da biya yawa da hankali ga horo na matasa masana kimiyya. A karkashin ya jagoranci tanada dama doctoral da ubangijinsa theses.

Shugaban Rasha Academy of Sciences Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich a kan nasu, ko kuma a co-samar biyu dozin littattafai da kuma fiye da 300 articles a kasa da duniya da mujallolin. The masanin kimiyya aka bayar duniya kyaututtuka Karpinski (a 1997), Bridgeman (1999), Planck (a 2002), Alfven (2003), Duval (2005) da kuma Glass (2009 ) .. Kamar yadda wani likita ya lashe Order "Ga Services ga Mahaifa, mahaifiyata» II digiri da kuma cikin Order Aleksandra Nevskogo. Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich, wanda lambobi ne a Rasha Academy of Sciences, da kuma a yau ya ci gaba da aiki aiki domin amfanin gida kimiyya.