Urea-formaldehyde resins: samarwa, Properties da aikace-aikace

Urea-formaldehyde resins ana amfani da ko'ina a yi da itace da sauran masana'antu. Industrial hanya, don samar da farko da ya fara a Amurka a 1927. Ga Iko da ruwa juriya na polyesters da epoxy resins irin kayan da suke da ɗan baya. A gefe guda, da kuma yin su da yawa mai rahusa.

Yadda za a yi

Samu guduro CFS, kamar yadda riga za a iya gani daga sunan, ta polycondensation na formaldehyde tare da urea. Suna wakiltar wani ba flammable ruwa-ruwa dakatar cikinsa da danko da kuma launi zai iya bambanta dangane da sa. Production da urea-formaldehyde resins yawanci shafi yin amfani da musamman, jacketed da stirrer musamman, apparatuses. Dukan masana'antu tsari na irin kayayyakin shafi uku na asali matakai:

• polycondensation.

• acidic sandaro.

• bushewa.

A polycondensation guduro ne da za'ayi a cikin wani alkaline matsakaici a PH na dauki bayani daidai 7.5-8. A lokacin da masana'antu tsari za a tabbatar da cewa matauni rabo urea: formaldehyde ne 1: 1.6-1.9.

A acidic sandaro ne da za'ayi a cikin matsakaici da PH = 4.5-4.8. A wannan mataki, saboda da ya karu kwayoyin nauyi fara ƙara ƙaruwa, da danko da mafita. еще одну порцию карбамида. A ƙarshen acidic sandaro dauki a cikin guduro kara zuwa wani rabo daga urea. The bukata adadin wannan abu da aka lasafta haka cewa matauni rabo na gyara a cikin sakamakon bayani ya 1: 1.3-1.4. A bushewa mataki da guduro aka gyara zuwa da ake so zumunta danko dabi'u. продукт охлаждают и модифицируют с целью снижения его токсичности. A karshe mataki da samfurin da aka sanyaya da aka modified rage yawan guba.

Bigiren amfani

Urea-formaldehyde guduro aka yi amfani da (Formula N = CH2 C = Ya kuma NH2 HOCH2NH C = NH2) iya a samar:

• Fiberboard da particleboard.

• plywood.

• putties, Paints da varnishes.

• danshi resistant takarda da paperboard (impregnation).

• kumfa.

карбамидоформальдегидная (КФ-МХ2) в бурении . Kuma sau da yawa amfani da urea guduro (KF-MX2) a hakowa. A wannan yanayin da shi da ake amfani da matsayin tushe ciminti slurry. A karshen, bi da bi, su ne danko sosai cakuda da cewa zai iya yi ɗauri da sauri a cikin iska. Siminti slurries suna amfani da yafi ga kullawa da casing kuma ya kare su daga lalata.

Clay-tushen CFS

A Enterprises daga woodworking masana'antu a ta m nau'i ne da wuya amfani da CFS. Ya fi yawa ne babban kashi a matsayin amfani da sassaƙa urea guduro manne. Babban irin kayayyakin sanya a kan tushen da CFS, akwai biyar:

• EC-B - sauri magance m.

• CF-O - Janar nufi (formaldehyde ciki ba fi 0.25%).

• KF-MT - low mai guba, amfani da samar da fiberboard da particleboard.

• KF-F - tare da karin viability.

• KF-BZ - hadawa da abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin iri EC-B, kuma KF-F.

Quick-CF-B adhesives woodworking Enterprises na masana'antu ne, yafi amfani a samar da plywood kuma furniture rufi allon on guda-span presses. Malotokischny samfurin CF-O aka yi amfani a mafi kawai ga gluing takarda. Har ila yau, wannan m iya amfani da a yi na plywood. Chipboard da fiberboard tare da amfani da ba a sanya. Domin samar da faranti dangane da guntu ko fiber samfurin da aka yi amfani da CF-MT mark.

Manne da high fahimcin muhimmancin da yake cikakke don a haɗa duk wani nau'i na furniture sassa. Shirin a wasu lokuta kuma za a iya amfani da su karfafa rauni kasa. Universal adhesives KF-BZ an fi amfani a yi na plywood kuma furniture. Har ila yau, sun za a iya amfani da a samar da iri daban-daban joinery kayayyakin. Dangane da irin curing duk adhesives dangane da FSC za a iya amfani da duka biyu zafi da sanyi gluing.

Wani lokaci a cikin yi da itace da sauransu. D. An yi amfani da musamman adhesives tare da wani daban-daban irin canji Additives.

Da kaddarorin guduro MT-CF

Bayani dalla-dalla daga urea-formaldehyde resins, dangane da aikace-aikace na iya zama daban-daban. Daga tebur a kasa na samar da bayani a kan kaddarorin da mafi m KF-MT guduro amfani a samar da fiberboard da particleboard.

Sauran brands KF KF-MT-resins da aka bambanta da farko ta rage danko a gwada high bushe al'amarin. Wadannan siffofin da damar gabatar da shi, a cikin mixers da airless SPRAY. Yin amfani da wannan kayan aiki, bi da bi, da ke sa yiwu wani gagarumin raguwa a cikin danshi na itace bi da tare da guduro barbashi da kuma daidai da rage lokacin latsa faranti.

Impregnating guduro (SKFP)

Wannan irin CFS da ake amfani a yi na ruwa-resistant kwali da kuma takarda. Wani lokaci yana kuma amfani yi ciki da ado yi fina-finai, plywood kuma particleboard da fiberboard. Wadannan tebur nuna halaye na da samfurin.

Halaye na guduro amfani da samar da coatings

A saboda wannan dalili, yawanci amfani samfurin iri K-421-02 wakiltar melaminokarbamidoformaldegidnaya m guduro ruwa da ciwon da wadannan Properties:

Kadarorin KF-MX2

Urea-formaldehyde resins amfani zuwa tsirar ciminti slurries dole ne ma cikakken bi da Gost.

Urea formaldehyde kumfa: da ikon yinsa, daga amfani

Wannan samfurin ne, yafi amfani a yi kamar yadda rufi abu. Ana iya amfani da wa rufi daga sanyi:

• katangu.

• rufin sarari;

• tsaka-tsaki benaye da kuma rufi.

A kwatanta da na al'ada kumbura polystyrene, polystyrene CFS yana daya muhimmin amfani. Wannan abu ne gaba daya ba flammable. urea-formaldehyde guduro ne a rukuni na thermosetting kayan. Wannan ne kuma baya da dauki a gare su ba zai iya zama da definition. Haka kuma, CFS-kumfa a lokacin wuta ba ya samar da wani narke. The kawai - a ƙarƙashin rinjayar high zafin jiki ta yi hasarar nauyi bit ta allocating ba m ga lafiyar dan adam, nitrogen da carbon dioxide. A sabis rai na kumfa a cikin wannan jinsin ne game da wannan a matsayin cewa na extruded polystyrene - game da 80 shekara. Wannan abu za a iya amfani da a cikin hanyar faranti da kuma a cikin ruwa a jihar. A karshen harka, da taro da aka kawai zuba a cikin rami na iri daban-daban da ginin Tsarin.

Yadda za a yi kumfa CFS

A karo na farko da wannan ban sha'awa labarin ya bayyana a cikin marigayi 30-ies a Jamus. A cikin Turai, shi ne yadu amfani a cikin shiri na gine-gine da kuma Tsarin. A 30% na lokuta daban-daban tare iri rufi walling amfani da wannan abu. A cikin 'yan shekaru fiye da kuma mafi m CFS-kumfa zama a Rasha.

Manufacturing da fasaha na wannan hita ne in mun gwada sauki. A sayarwa a can ne ko da wani musamman, mun gwada da m kayan aiki, saya cewa, bisa manufa, na iya zama kowa. Aiki irin shigarwa kamar haka:

• a daya daga cikin kwantena da aka cika da ruwa bayani daga phosphoric acid da kuma wani foaming wakili.

• a wani akwati kanta sanya yadda ya kamata urea guduro.

• a wani ganga bude taps.

Domin hadawa da kayan da aka gyara amfani da iko famfo. Urea-formaldehyde guduro da kumfa rafi an distilled su a cikin na musamman mahautsini. A sakamakon taro a cikin akwati aka zuba a cikin rami ta cikin bight constructions bututun ƙarfe.

The kaddarorin da guduro amfani da samar da kumfa

A saboda wannan dalili, da gina mafi yawa ana amfani da samfurin iri KFZH-PV. Wannan ruwa guduro ne fari ko haske-kasa-kasa launi, bayani dalla-dalla wanda dole ne dace da bukatun na Gost.

Kamar yadda labeled CF-guduro

Saboda haka, zan samu sosai tartsatsi a cikin shiri masana'antu da kuma urea guduro aikace-aikace. Wannan samfurin ana alama bisa ga bukatun na Gost 14192. Lakabin a kan ganga tare da CFS ko daftari dole ba:

• A manufacturer sunan da alamar kasuwanci ce;

• net nauyi.

• Guduro mark.

• da kwanan wata na yi.

• tsari da lambar.

• nadi na misali da kanta.

Kamar yadda ya kamata a cushe guduro

Manyan woodworking kuma yi kamfanonin saya wannan samfurin yawanci a sosai manyan yawa. A wannan yanayin, da urea-formaldehyde guduro KF an jẽfo, zuwa wurinta a Railway tankuna. karami tsari cika cikin karfe ganguna. Recent kafin amfani, bisa ga Gost 13950, dole ne sosai rinsed. Standards damar Fitar guduro ciki har da a Multi-ganga tare da qananan waje lahani.

gwajin hanyoyin

Dauki urea guduro batches shuke-shuke (tare da wannan halaye da kuma yin la'akari ba fiye da 200 ton). Don duba ingancin samfurin anã fitinar ku. A mataki na farko su yi:

• Samfur batu samfurori karfe tube.

• fili tare da ajiye duk samfurori a gilashin kwalba.

• lakabtawa tare da kwanan wata na nadi da kuma daukan samfur shafin.

A gaskiya nasu gwaji iya hada gani dubawa, kazalika da tabbatar da dalilin a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje:

• nauyi na bushe saura na kowane samfurin.

• da taro sulusi da murabba'i na free formaldehyde;

• da hydrogen ion taro.

• gel lokaci.

• miscibility da ruwa.

• tensile ƙarfi.

Yadda safarar da kantin sayar da

Hawa urea guduro (Class hadari na abu - II) yiwu a duk kai halaye. A iska yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa 0 ° ^C da aka yarda a yi amfani da kawai zafi exchangers ko kwantena da insulating coatings. A karshen harka, da dumama da aka yi ta hanyar samar da ruwan zafi da jacket na tanki. CFS zafin jiki bayan wannan hanya ya kamata ba ƙetare 25 ^C. Don samar da tururi dumama haramta samfurin.

A lokacin rani, lokacin da iska daga t 25 ^C, hawa guduro iya ba fiye da kwanaki 10. Ajiye samfurin a yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa 5 ^{° C} da kuma ba fi ²⁰ ° C a wani shãfe haske ganga. An ba a yarda su ci gaba da ganga ko tankuna da guduro a hasken rana kai tsaye. Har ila yau Gost umurci don adana kwantena tare da wannan samfurin karkashin rumfa, ba kyale daukan hotuna da hazo.

Urea guduro: kera da kuma brands

Don kwanan wata, shi tsirar game da 500 da dubu. Ton na CFS a shekara a Rasha. The most m kamfanonin da hannu a sakin wannan samfurin ne:

• "Ugra lespromholding".

• "Shatura".

• Cherepovets da Volga yankin plywood furniture masana'antu.

Haka kuma an tsunduma a kasar mu da yi na kayayyakin kamar urea-formaldehyde guduro, da kera na Rasha-Finnish. Yana ƙware a samar da wannan abu, misali, JSC "Metadynea" da kuma wani memba na Turai damuwa Swiss Krono Group Company "Kronostar Gabas." Bugu da kari, da CFS ne daya daga cikin iri na kayayyakin kerarre da kwatankwacinsu sinadaran masana'antu a matsayin "Akron" da "Metafaks".