Trier - menene wannan?

Daga Girkanci kalmar "uku", wanda yake nufin "uku" da "eresso" - "ja" da sunan "Trier". Wannan shi ne na musamman irin na fada jirgin ruwa, wanda ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban ba kawai na Shipbuilding a cikin Rum, amma kuma a kan iyakokin jihohi da dama.

Yana kama da jirgin

'Yan na yau yara gane cewa abin da ya ƙunshi wani tsoho Greek trireme. Wannan shi ne labarin ne da wuya kamar yadda ya mayar da hankali a kan hanya da kuma sakamakon da yaƙi, amma ba a kan gun. Duk da haka, daidai saboda cewa jirgin ruwa Helenawa lashe yawa nasarori mu kasashe makwabta. Saboda haka, Trier - wani jirgin 40 mita a tsawon kuma har zuwa 6 m. A kan hanci mashaya da aka sanya cikin karu - RAM, wanda aiki a matsayin wata fama makami a lokacin harin. Sau da yawa shi ya sa a kan ferrule, wanda ya kasance ga a ƙirƙira a cikin siffar tsuntsu ko dabba. 200 ma'aikatan jirgin, ciki har da 62 tranita (saman jere shugabancin tsere), 54 da kuma 56 zigita talamitov (shugabancin tsere tsakiya da kuma ƙananan layuka, bi da bi) - daidai saboda wadannan mutane tanã gudãna trireme. Shi ne a zamanin tsohuwar Girka shi ne babban karfin da rundunar, wanda ya umarci trierarch (a cikin zamani version - kyaftin). Har ila yau, a kan jirgin sun sojoji da matuƙan.

jirgin analogues

M jirgin kuma alfahari da Romawa, da kuma sunan ya sãɓã, kadan daga Helenawa - "trireme". Amma Roman jirgin ya fi sanye take da, kamar yadda ya zama kamar ma da yawa, fiye da mai ladabi. Ya iya alfahari da jirgin ruwa mai filafili kuma kwana hankaka. Bugu da kari, a kan bene na hasumiyar da aka gina, housed shugabanci da kuma zane da aka gina don amai kaya masu nauyi. A cewar da jũna idan aka kwatanta da "giant" cewa Trier - dai kawai wata babbar da m yanki na farantin, idan ba daya amma. Greek jirgin da babu daidaita a rapidity. Dalili shi ne bayyananne - da rashin wuce haddi da kayan aikin soji da kuma mun gwada da kananan ƙungiya sanya ta maneuverability da kuma sauri.

Domin aikinsa, da shugabancin tsere!

A cewar wasu kafofin, da Helenawa triremes wani lokacin isa gudu daga 12 kullin, kuma sau da yawa suka hanzarta zuwa matsakaicin ci daukan kasa da minti daya. Wadannan sakamakon sun kasance yiwu godiya ga na musamman dabara na kwale oars da wuri. Tashoshin jiragen ruwa da aka za'ayi domin da oars a cikin kasa jere, sosai a kusa da ruwa. Tare da karamin hadari su iya gaba daya flooded. Saboda babban aiki na shugabancin tsere talamitov, kuma ainihin aikin, shi ne lokacin da "hatimi" takware fata faci. Portals for oars a saman biyu layuka da aka yanka sama da waterline, a matsayin shugabancin tsere da za'ayi aikinsu ba tare da tsoron ruwa. Kowane jerin yana da tsawo, amma duk jirgin 170 oars sun daidaita - 4.5 mita. Sun kasance a ruwa a wani daban-daban kwana, domin iyakar gudu. Kafin faruwa a cikin teku a kusa da kari daga cikin ma'aikatan jirgin Na tambayi flutist.

ingancin Martial

A zamanin da Rum kasashen da ba su da fasinja liners, saboda kamar sauran da rundunar raka'a, Trier - wannan jirgin. Ya main makami aka dauke wasa spire-rago. Yana da aka yi amfani da kai hare hare maƙiyi tasoshin da paddles ko jirgin. Godiya ga RAM Helenawa sau da yawa kai hari na farko, da kuma bayan na farko da buga, don haka kamar yadda ba su samun makale a cikin tarkacen maƙiyi jirgin, wadannan rawar daji. Yana da aka kira "sailing" ko "glancing duka". Iyo dama har zuwa hawa da abokan gaba, duk da shugabancin tsere trireme hauled da oars. Spire sãmar da gagarumin lalacewar makiya ƙungiya oars, game da shi immobilizing dukan jirgin. Bayan wannan hari zai iya samun cikakken, ba tare da tsoron makiya maneuverability.

Features Trier

Mun riga mun ambata cewa trireme - besparusnoe jirgin, propelled da wani babbar dama shugabancin tsere. Amma saboda ceton m da umurnin sojojin jirgin da aka sanye take da wani m mast constructions. A cikin rashi na yaki, lokacin da shi yiwuwa a kama wani tailwind a kan bene saka daya ko biyu masts. Babban jirgin da aka a cibiyar, da aka nuna ko da yaushe a mike kuma kulla da tashin hankali igiyoyi. Idan saka wani biyu, ta wurin a cikin baka na jirgin. Wannan mast da aka kafa a wani kwana, ya jingina a ta akrostol.

Ƙarin jirgin ruwa aiki

A kashi 90 na lokuta trireme halarci teku fadace-fadace, amma wani lokacin amsa kamar yadda wani fasinja da kaya liners. Kafin ko bayan ƙasa yãƙi, da yawa sojoji da ake bukata a cikin Maritime kai, da kuma dogon? Aki triremes ko da yaushe zo da ceto. Duk da haka, su dan kadan sabunta hanyoyin, kara tsawo na shirin shawo kuma karfafa ayyukansa na bene. Kamar yadda kaya sau da yawa distilled dawakai. Domin su, a cikin Bugu da kari ga tabbatarwa daga cikin bene saka m gangways.

Ancient Helenawa a cikin kalmar "trireme" ba sa zurfin ma'anar, su kawai kira jirgin, dangane da tsarin da kuma inganci. By da V karni BC a Navy muna da fiye da 400 daga cikin wadannan jiragen ruwa, wanda aka gina a kudi na arziki Athenians. Su kuma suka zama trierarch, ko shugabanni, a hankali zabi mutane ga tawagar, ciki har da shugabancin tsere. Bayan yaki trireme distilled a Piraeus, wanda aka sa ran saki ta gaba a cikin babban ruwa, da kuma matukan jirgin da aka watse.