The Spanish Inquisition

Inquisition (daga Latin "bincika", "bincike".) - shi ne na musamman ecclesiastical kotu a lokuta da Litattafansu suka aikata a cikin 13-19 ƙarni. Tuni a cikin 12th karni karkashin Frederick na Barbarossa da Paparoma Lukiyas III da aka shigar sosai m hanya don gudanar da bincike na Litattafansu da kuma gudanar da bincike na da lokuta da kotuna na bishops. Inquisitor - shi ne mutum dauke da fitar da rawar da hukunci mika saukar mutuwa sentences yi alkawarin aiwatar da wadanda mutane hukumomi.

A Inquisition a matsayin ya yi magana a kafa III 4th Lateran (1215), wanda ya samu «da inquisitionem» (domin madaidaici tsananta), wani istinbadi dalilin da ya ayyana jita-jita.

A 13th karni, Paparoma Gregory IX canjawa wuri da ayyuka na zalunci da karkatacciyar koyarwa da Inquisition na bishops. A Turai, da fatarsa da aka kafa, wanda umarni hada da gudanar da bincike na lokuta, yanke da yanke hukuncin kisa kan Litattafansu.

The Spanish Inquisition ya musamman m. Yana yana goyan bayan da sarauta da iko, don haka yana da matukar karfi wuri a Turai. Kawai a lokacin ayyuka na babban inquisitor Torquemada na Spain a cikin 15th karni da rai fiye da dubu goma mutane da aka kone su. Ɗaukakar Inquisition na Spain ya yi husufi duk sauransu. Inda ta kai ta ganiya na ci gaba da kuma ya zama nasa tarihin da za a koyi a sauran kasashe, inda akwai da Inquisition. Azabtarwa alama ta bambancin, dabara da kuma na ƙarshe keta.

A 1238 da shugaban Kirista da aka ƙa'ida kafa Inquisition a Aragon. A cikin karni na 15th da ayyukan kasance musamman aiki. By karshen karni na kasar halin da ake ciki ya canza a ƙarƙashin rinjayar jam'iyya a cikin Spanish mulkin na Castile da kuma Aragon, kwata 'yanci daga Moorish mamayar na kudu na Yaren Kasar Larabawa da kuma ta sauyin da Spain da kuma ci of America, wanda ya jũya Spain a cikin wata babbar mulkin mallaka.

Spanish kambi na ci gaba da karfafa matsayinsu a kudi na counter-tsaren, tare da taimakon da Jesuit domin. Manufa ga kayan aiki da wannan shi ne Spanish Inquisition. Royal ikon samu a cikin Inquisition wani da makami na tursasawa da kuma danniya na abokan adawar da ba za a raba tare da shi har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 19th. Inquisition hana kadarori da kuma na da 'yancin walwala na gari.

A 15th karni da aka kafa ta da "sabon" Inquisition (1478-1483 gg.). Isabella na da Ferdinand V sõyayya Aragon, Castille kuma Sicily, sa'an nan dukan kudu Spain. Barberis Sicilian inquisitor samu tabbaci na gaggawa iko da wasu ma'aurata. A 1478 Paparoma Sixtus IV kafa Inquisition a Castile (inda shi a baya ya kasance ba). Fara kisan kare-dangi. Inganta kida na azabtarwa da kuma mutuwa da injuna. A Seville daga overcrowding annoba barke. Lokacin da annobar kwanta, "Kazamin Harvest," ci gaba.

The Spanish Inquisition dauki sabon ikon yinsa, tare da nada sabon Inquisitor Tomas de Torquemada. Ferdinand V a wannan lokaci (1483) halitta Majalisar Koli na Inquisition (sama), wanda aka hannu a kwace dukiya daga cikin Litattafansu.

Babban wadanda ke fama da Spanish Inquisition, sun kasance Yahũdãwa, Marranos ( "New Kiristoci") da kuma Moriscos (Moors tuba zuwa Kristanci). Suna hukumance da ake zargi da insincerity dangane da Kiristanci da kuma ci gaba da yin wa'azi da wannan bangaskiya (watau karkatacciyar koyarwa). Dalilin da su la'anta ya yi kokarin su mallaki dũkiyõyinsu, to raunana aji na manoma, da kuma sana'a a matsayin tallafi na m grandees, to rushe ikon karshen.

The Spanish Inquisition yi fahimce, shi hadawa da siffofin na coci da kuma jihar (siyasa) da 'yan sanda, abin da iko da Sarakunan Katolika.

Spanish absolutism tunãtar da m despots na Gabas. Duk da haka, da Inquisition bai taimaka ga cimma hadin kan kasa da kuma kawar da duk jama'a yanci. Wannan siyasa ya gaske anti-kasa, ta yi duk abin da ya hana fitowan da muradun tsakanin mutanen da suke da kashin na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.