The sabon abu na kai-shigar da - cuta da kuma amfanin da

A lokaci shigar da nufin bayyana a cikin wutar lantarki a cikin rufaffiyar lantarki kewaye idan aka sanya a cikin wani canza Magnetic juyi. Bude electromagnetic shigar da kawai wasu ɗari biyu da suka wuce da Michael Faraday. To kafin ta iya yin Andre Ampere, wanda gudanar da irin wannan gwaje-gwajen. An saka a cikin nada karfe sanda sa'an nan, shi ke bad luck, ya shiga wani dakin don dubi galvanometer - kuma ba zato ba tsammani ta girgiza. A allura yadda ya kamata yin ta aiki - An qaryata, amma har Ampere ɓace, ɓata ta cikin dakuna - mayar da sifili. Wannan shi ne yadda sabon abu na kai-jawo dãko wani dozin shekaru har da nada naúra da kuma mai bincike a lokaci guda zai zama a cikin hakkin wuri.

Babban batu na wannan gwajin shine cewa da shigar da EMF ya auku ne kawai a lokacin da Magnetic filin wucewa ta cikin rufaffiyar madauki canje-canje. Amma ba za ka iya canza shi kamar yadda kake so - ko canza darajar da Magnetic filin, ko kawai a matsar da tushen da filin dangi zuwa wannan rufaffiyar madauki. Emf wanda ya taso a nan, da ake kira "EMF juna." Amma cewa shi ne kawai farkon binciken a fagen shigar da. Ko da more mamaki da aka sabon abu na kai-shigar da, wanda aka bude Dzhozef Genri a game da wannan lokaci. A cikin gwaje-gwajen, an gano cewa, da Magnetic filin na nada shi ne ba kawai don sa a halin yanzu a cikin wani nada, amma kuma a lokacin da na yanzu a nada yanã a cikin shi da ƙarin EMF. Ga shi ke kawai kira kai-jawo EMF. A lantarki mamaki da babban amfani ne da shugabanci na yanzu. Sai ya juya daga cewa a cikin hali na kai-jawo EMF ta a halin yanzu an directed a kan ta "iyaye" - yanzu sa da babban EMF.

Kuma za ka iya tsayar da sabon abu na kai-shigar da? Kamar yadda maganar ke, babu wani abu da sauki. Tara biyu haihuwarka: na farko - consistently hada inductor kuma fitila, da kuma na biyu - kawai kwan fitila. Gama da su zuwa ga baturi via da babban canji. Lokacin kunna, za ka iya ganin cewa haske kwan fitila a kewaye da nada jũya "ba tare da so" kuma na biyu haske, da sauri "a kan Yunƙurin", ya jũya a kan take. Abin da ke faruwa a kan? A cikin duka haihuwarka bayan na yanzu ya fara gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu, kuma shi dabam daga sifili zuwa ta matsakaicin, da kuma yadda lokacin canji na halin yanzu da kuma jira don nada cewa ya haifar da da kai-shigar da electromotive karfi. Akwai EMF da rufaffiyar kewaye - yana nufin cewa akwai kuma ta yanzu, amma directed shi daura da babban yanzu kewaye, wadda daga ƙarshe ta kai matsakaicin darajar ƙaddara da kewaye sigogi, da kuma daina girma, kuma idan babu wani halin yanzu canji - babu kai-jawo EMF. Yana da sauki. A irin wannan abin kwaikwaya, amma tare da "kishiyar", ya lura a lokacin da ka kashe na yanzu. Gaskiya zuwa ta "bad al'ada" counteract wani canji a halin yanzu, kai-jawo EMF kula da kwarara a cikin kewaye bayan ikon da aka kashe.

Nan da nan kuwa akwai wani tambaya - abin da yake sabon abu na kai-shigar da? An gano cewa, da kai-shigar da electromotive karfi rinjayar da kudi na yanzu canji a cikin shugaba da kuma za a iya rubuta:

E = L • Di / dt

Wannan ya nuna cewa kai-shigar da electromotive karfi E ne kai tsaye na gwargwado ga kudi na canji Di / dt da kuma na yanzu gwargwado coefficient L, da aka ambata a inductance. Saboda taimakonsa da nazari na tambaya, abin da yake sabon abu na kai-shigar da, Dzhordzh Genri aka sãka da cewa sunansa ne a naúrar na ji na inductance - Henry (H). Wannan inductance halin yanzu kwarara kewaye kayyade sabon abu na kai-shigar da. Daya iya tunanin cewa inductance - shi ne wani nau'i ne na "ajiya" na Magnetic makamashi. A cikin hali na kara halin yanzu a cikin kewaye da lantarki da makamashi yana tuba a cikin Magnetic halin yanzu retards girma, da kuma lokacin da na yanzu na nada Magnetic makamashi ne tuba a cikin na'urar samar da makamashi da kuma kula da yanzu a cikin kewaye.

Kila, kowa ya gani a walƙiya a lokacin da ka kashe toshe daga bango soket - wannan shi ne ya fi kowa nau'i na bayyanuwar kai-jawo EMF a hakikanin rai. Amma a rayuwar yau da kullum ya buɗe wani matsakaicin halin yanzu na 10-20 A da bude lokaci na game da 20 msec. Lokacin da inductance na game da 1 Far kai-jawo EMF a wannan harka za su zama daidai ga 500 W. Zai ze cewa wannan tambaya, abin da yake kai-shigar da sabon abu ne ba haka rikitarwa. Kuma a gaskiya, kai-jawo EMF ne mai girma fasaha kalubale. A kasa line ne cewa a lokacin da wani bude kewaye a lokacin da lambobi ne ba samuwa, tana goyon bayan kai-inductance halin yanzu kwarara, wadda take kaiwa zuwa kona lambobi, saboda a da dabara na sauya sheka kewaye da igiyoyin a cikin daruruwan har ma dubban amperes. Ga muna magana ne game da shi ne sau da yawa kai-jawo EMF a cikin dubban volts, kuma wannan na bukatar ƙarin mafita ga fasaha al'amurran da suka shafi alaka surges a cikin wutan lantarki.

Amma ba duk da cewa sharri. Sai ya faru da cewa wannan cutarwa EMF sosai da amfani da, misali, a cikin wani na ciki konewa engine ƙonewa tsarin. Irin wannan tsarin kunshi wani inductor a cikin nau'i na wani autotransformer da chopper. An wuce ta farko Tuddan halin yanzu, wanda ya jũya kashe wani chopper. A sakamakon haka, an bude kewaye auku a kai-shigar da EMF daruruwan volts (baturin ba duk 12B). Sa'an nan da ƙarfin lantarki ne m sāke, kuma yana da bugun jini mafi girma daga 10 KV ga walƙiya ƙonewa.