The mutum - a predator ko herbivore? Kwatanta da yara da kuma herbivores

Wani mutum ya shiga cikin kungiyar na heterotrophic kwayoyin, wanda aka halin da gauraye irin abinci, dangane da mutum abinci, abubuwan daka zaba, al'adu da kuma addini.

Da yara amfani da nama da azabtar. Tsakiyan nonon da sha na ta lalata kayayyakin ne da za'ayi na narkewa kamar tsarin da ciwon wasu bambance-bambance. Haka ya shafi waje kiwo dabbobi: su gastrointestinal fili halin da wani sa na musamman da fasaloli. Isar da shi ban sha'awa shi ne tsarin da mutum narkewa kamar tsarin: shi Bears kadan kama da gastrointestinal fili na dabbobi masu cin nama da kuma herbivores. A wannan labarin, za mu kwatanta da yara da kuma herbivores, kazalika da bayyana peculiarities na mutum narkewa.

Abin da dabbobi ci

Kwayoyin na zuwa carnivorous dabbobi, in ba haka ba da aka sani da yara. Wadannan sun hada da game da 270 jinsunan a suborders caniformia da feliformia. Wasu wakilan da dabba duniya suna amfani da abinci kamar nama da kuma ciyayi. Su kira omnivores. Da yara tawagar, in ba haka ba kira a matsayin dabbobi. Akwai wani rukuni na kwayoyin, kamar hedgehogs, shrews, m bera, biri, wanda lokaci-lokaci ganima a kan wasu dabbobi, kuma amma mafi yawan rayuwarsa ake amfani da su a abinci shuke-shuke ko matattu kwayoyin halitta. Da rabo daga dabbobi a kan dabbobi masu cin nama, herbivores da omnivores wajen sabani. A wannan irin samu a cikin m muhalli yanayi, zai iya canza rage cin abinci, adapting da kuma kokarin tsira.

Hanyar Human Gina Jiki

Su ne bambancin kuma suna saboda, a sama da dukan, na kasa-al'adu da mutum halaye. A ilimin Halittar Jiki tsarin da mutum cikin sharuddan da narkewa kamar tsarin da aka tabbatar da cewa ta daban-daban sassan iya mechanically kara, karya saukar da nike abinci na biyu da kayan lambu da dabbobi asalin. Wannan ya nuna da wadannan ƙarshe: amsar wannan tambaya da wanda wannan mutumin mai predator ko wani herbivore dabba, ba zai zama categorical. Don gano, za mu juya ga ilimin Halittar Jiki da morphological fasali na narkewa kamar tsarin na herbivorous, carnivorous dabbobi da mutane, da kuma gwada su.

A tsarin narkewa kamar na dabbobi masu cin nama da kuma herbivores

A takamaiman tsarin da tsarin fara a bakin wani predator da kuma siffofin da ta dentition, wanda, a mafi yawan lokuta, yana da geterodontny irin. Yana hada da incisors, canines, premolars da molars. A cikin hakori arches da diastema, wanda sa zamkoobraznoe rufe canines. Ba kamar herbivorous dabbobi da mutane, da yara yau ƙunshi amylase, da kuma nufin kayan sitaci ne ba cleaved a cikin bakinsa. Animal Baki bautarka mafi shugaban masu girma dabam. Wannan yana da muhimmanci musamman a lokacin da hari a kan wanda aka azabtar da ta kara Cin.

Herbivores da wadannan siffofin mouthparts: karamin baki, murdede lebe da kuma harshe da hannu a taban da ake abinci sannu a hankali, hadaddun giciye motsi na kashin dadashinsu. A hakora ne talauci bambancin da yau ƙunshi amylase da maltase karya saukar da shuka carbohydrates. Herbivorous dabbobi masu shayarwa da Multi-jam'iyya ciki. Its ƙungiyoyin suna kira da rumen, reticulum, omasum da abomasum.

Mouthparts da ciki na dabbobi masu shayarwa

Daukan taban abinci na dabba ko kayan lambu asalin auku via geterodontnogo irin hakora. Salivation daukawa uku nau'i-nau'i daga gland. Yau, kamar herbivores, ya ƙunshi amylase. A ilimin Halittar Jiki tsarin da mutum, bisa ta narkewa kamar tsarin, shi ne halin da wadannan siffofin: abinci ya rushe a bakin karkashin mataki na proteolytic enzymes, bolus, sau daya a cikin ciki fara da za a cleaved ta pepsin, lipase, gastrin. Ba kamar da yara da ciwon high acidity na ciki ruwan 'ya'yan itace, na ciki da PH daidaita mutum al'ada 4-5. Single-jam'iyya ciki, kasa voluminous fiye da na dabbobi masu cin nama da kuma herbivores. Bisa ga tsarin da aka ambata a sama sassa na narkewa kamar tsarin, tambaya na mutum-carnivore ko herbivore, shi za a iya bayar da hujjar cewa, a cikin ilimin Halittar Jiki da kuma damar iya yin komai physiological yana da siffofin na biyu herbivores da kuma yara.

The matakai a cikin ciki carnivorous halin da wadannan siffofin: Kwayoyin rufi da na ciki da rami, asirce yawa acid chloride, wanda ya hana Rotting tafiyar matakai. Proteolytic enzymes ne sosai aiki, da rugujewar abinci a ciki a PH kasa da 3 da shi ruwan 'ya'yan itace.

Ilimin Halittar Jiki da kuma physiological halaye na kananan hanji

Damuwa, sama da dukan, da darajar. Herbivorous dabbobi da kananan hanji ne sau 25 fiye da jiki da kuma dabbobin da muke kiwo hanjinsu kai 50 mita. Da yara, ciyar da high kalori nama abinci, da short isasshen kananan hanji (kawai 5-6 sau fiye da jiki). Total villus yankin, jejunum da ileum rufi part da kuma tabbatar da sha na glucose, amino acid, m acid da glycerol a herbivores ne 14 m ^2, a dabbobi 17 m ^2, da mutum 12 m ^2. A girma daga cikin kama wadata abinci, a cikin hanji, kira chyme. Ya ne musamman manyan herbivores. Bugu da kari, da chyme an jinkirta na dogon lokaci a cikin su cecum.

Thin da mutum hanji

Halin da cewa narkewa faruwa a shi ne sosai aiki (don kwanaki 2-3 lita a kasaftawa hanji ruwan 'ya'yan itace), dabba sunadarai narkewar for 4-6 hours, kayan lambu - 4-5 hours. Mafi abinci tsakiyan nonon aiki ne lura a cikin duodenum, wanda daga ƙarƙashinsu a cikin ducts na pancreas da kuma hanta. A cikin kananan hanji da matukar muhimmanci physiological tsari - tsotsa ganuwar villi glucose da kuma amino acid a cikin jini, kuma glycerol kuma m acid a cikin Lymph.

narkewa kamar gland shine yake

Don manne biyu shuka da dabbobi abinci, bukatar enzyme tsarin m da wulakantar da sunadarai, carbohydrates, kuma lipids. Factory samar da ilimin aiki abubuwa, shi ne da farko pancreas. Saboda haka, mutum, a predator ko wani herbivore amfani da pancreatic ruwan zuwan pancreatic bututu a cikin duodenum karya saukar da sunadarai, carbohydrates da fats. Hanta - mafi girma a narkewa kamar gland shine yake. Ta Kwayoyin - hepatocytes nuna bile. Yana yana da abu don wanka dũkiyarsu da kuma emulsifies fats. Da yara high aiki na enzymes cewa karya saukar da sunadarai, lura a wani weakly alkaline matsakaici. Herbivorous kwayoyin kunshe ne a cikin pancreatic ruwan enzymes cewa manne cellulose, lignin, da kuma kayayyakin da suka dissimilation.

Manyan hanjin: tsarin fasali na daban-daban dabbobi

A duk dabbobi masu shayarwa, shi ayyuka kamar yadda wani ruwa tsotsa da electrolyte mafita, kira na B bitamin da kuma fitarwa na tumbi. Uku daga cikin manyan hanji: da hawa, mai gangara da sauka ciwon yara guntu fiye da na herbivores, musamman dabbobi. A tsawon manyan hanji mutum 1-2 mita, wanda shi ne fiye da na dabbobi masu cin nama. A wannan ɓangare na mutum Gut, kamar herbivorous kwayoyin, ya ƙunshi manyan yawa na kwayoyin cuta wadda decompose cellulose. Bisa waccan mujalla da muka facts, ga alama quite rigima tabbatarwa cewa mutum - nama-cin kwayoyin da narkewa kamar tsarin da aka fi saba da narkewa na dabba gina jiki.

zinariya nufin

Daga cikin heterotrophic kwayoyin da wani rukuni na dabbobi, wanda narkewa kamar gabobin mu jimre wa da narkewa na biyu shuka da dabbobi abinci. Suna da ake kira omnivores, kamar beyar, alade, bushiya. A mutum na iya ma ci gaba da wannan jerin. Haka kuma, shi ne wani bambancin, da cikakken-rage cin abinci ya ba mu lafiya da jiki da kuma tsabta daga tunaninsa. The mabiya cin ganyayyaki yi gargaɗi da slagging hanji metabolites na dabba da asali.

Lalle ne, da furotin da rashin lafiya kayayyakin ne sosai guba. Amma wanda ya tilasta mana mu ci nama kowace rana? Wanda ke hana sanda handling kwana da kuma ci a wannan lokaci na dabba abinci? Yaya ba tuna da maganar da Delphic can ciki: "The awo ne ga dukan kõme." Babu kasa mai raɗaɗi ga mutane da yawa, cin kawai shuka abinci, musamman idan mutum yana da wahala digesting fiber. Ra'ayin da suke da yawa, kuma da gaskiya ne sau da yawa yanayin, ya ta'allaka wani wuri a tsakanin. Kuma amsar wannan tambaya na ko wani mutum - a predator ko wani herbivore, kowannenmu zai yi da kansa.