The sauti girma: da daban-daban barci juna da kuma decibels

Sound tãguwar ruwa impacting a kan mutum eardrum, haddasa hawa da sauka a cikin gashi. A mawadãta daga cikin sauti vibrations kai tsaye alaka da tsinkãyi bayyanãwar cikin tãguwar ruwa - abin da shi ne, da sauti girma za a ji karin karfi. Wannan, ba shakka, Sauki fassarar. Amma zance ne!

The ji na wannan sauti tsanani kowane mutum zai yi nasu. Saboda haka, yana adalci da gardama cewa ƙarar - a kayadadden darajar. Bugu da ƙari, wannan siga dogara a kan mita da kuma mawadãta daga cikin sauti vibrations da kuma matsa lamba taguwar ruwa. A sauti girma ne ya rinjayi irin abubuwan da duration na oscillations, su sarrafawa a sarari, da kuma wani timbre na ciki.

Volume Unit aka kira barci (sone). 1 mafarki yayi dace kamar zuwa girma na muted tattaunawar da ƙara na engine na jirgin sama shi ne 264 Katrina. By definition, sunã daidaita da daya barci sautin girma kudi na 1000 da kuma a matakin na 40 DB. Ikon sauti, bayyana, a sones yana da dabara:

J = k * I ^1/3, a nan

k - da coefficient na mita-dogara, i - tsanani hawa da sauka.

Saboda gaskiya cewa oscillations da daban-daban sauti matsa lamba (tsanani da ta daban-daban) on daban-daban mitoci iya samun wannan audio girma, irin wannan naúrar ana amfani da su domin auna karfin matsayin bango (phon). F 1 ne, sunã daidaita da bambanci matakan ƙara 2 sauti da wannan mita, ga wanda daya girma daga cikin sauti mita 1000 Hz zai bambanta bisa ga matsin matakin (tsanani) na 1 DB.

A yi, domin saka ko kwatanta girma, sau da yawa amfani decibels - wani wanda aka samu naúrar na hasken rana. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da karuwa a tsanani da sauti ne ba a wani mikakke dangantaka da tsanani da igiyar ruwa, yayin da a logarithmic. 1 Bel = tenfold canza a ikon oscillation amplitude. Yana mai kyawawan babban daya. Saboda haka, ga lissafi amfani ta goma part - decibels.

Rãnar da mutum kunne iya ji sauti tãguwar ruwa girma na 10 decibels da kuma sama. Yana yana dauke da cewa iyakar kewayo na duk mitoci samuwa mutum 000 ne 20-20 Hz. An lura da cewa shi ya canjãwa da shekaru. A matasa mafi kyau audible kalaman matsakaici mita (kamar 3 kHz) a cikin adulthood - mita na 2 zuwa 3 kHz, kuma a cikin tsufa - da sauti na 1 kHz. Sound tãguwar ruwa tare da mawadãta har zuwa 3.1 kHz (kilohertz farko) ya hada a yankin na jawabin sadarwa. Suna amfani da watsa shirye-shirye da kuma a kan DV- SW makada, kazalika da wayoyin.

Idan mita ne m fiye 16-20 Hz, to waɗannan amo aka dauke su infrasound, amma idan ta ne mafi girma daga 20 kHz - duban dan tayi. Infrasound tare 5-10 Hz oscillations iya haifar da rawa tare da vibration na kayan ciki da yi a kan kwakwalwa da kuma bunkasa aching a gidajen abinci da kuma kasusuwa. Amma duban dan tayi ne yadu a yi amfani da maganin. Har ila yau, tare da shi tare kwari (midges, sauro), dabbobi (msl, karnuka), da tsuntsaye daga hadahada.

Don gano ƙara na sauti ko amo, amfani da musamman na'urar - aunawa da amo matakin. Ya taimaka wajen gano cewa kada ku ƙetare iyakar halatta sauti vibrations adadin wanda Bears wani hadari da mutane. Idan wani mutum da aka fallasa su dogon-kalaman tare da wani matakin mafi girma daga 80-90 DB, shi zai iya sa cikakken ko m asarar ji. Wannan na iya faruwa a pathological cuta na juyayi da kuma zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin. Secure girma da aka iyakance zuwa 35 DB. Saboda haka kada ku saurari music a kan belun kunne a cike girma ga ji kiyayewa. Kasancewa a cikin wani sosai m yanayi, za ka iya amfani da earplugs.