Surkov Aleksey Aleksandrovich: biography, waqe game da yaki

Mutane da yawa a kasar mu san cewa sunan - Surkov Aleksey Aleksandrovich. Members na mazan tsara zai ma iya karanta Lines daga waka na ƙwarai mawãƙi ne.

Peru nasa ne Surkov ta da yawa ayyuka, amma ya fi shahara su ne waqe rubuta a lokacin yakin duniya na II.

turakun biography

A nan gaba mawãƙi aka haifa a cikin wani baƙauye iyali a Yaroslavl lardin a cikin marigayi 19th karni. Saboda talauci, kamar da yawa daga cikin yan'uwansu, ya tilasta a shekaru 12 don su tafi aiki "don mutane" a babban birnin kasar na nan Tsarist Russia - Petersburg.

A juyin juya halin da kuma yakin basasa ya same shi samarin da suke mafarki na hanyar mayar da kasar da kuma damar da za su samu mai kyau da ilimi domin buga wa waqe.

Surkov Aleksey Alexandrovich, wanda biography ne cike da daban-daban da suka faru, shi a wannan lokacin daukan na farko tsanani yanke shawara: ya ke da gaban da yaki domin Red Army.

Bayan nasarar da Bolsheviks ya koma ƙasarsa ta kauye, inda ya kasance mai aiki. Ya zama memba na Komsomol, da kuma shiga jam'iyyar a 1925.

A waɗannan shekaru iri guda, da mawãƙi gyararrakin daya daga cikin na farko jaridu a Yaroslavl, wanda aka kira "Northern Komsomolets".

A 1928, shi ya faru zuwa wani muhimmin taron a cikin rayuwar matasa mawãƙi ya koma dauka dindindin zama a Moscow - babban birnin kasar Soviet Rasha.

A farko da wallafe-wallafen nasara

Surkov Aleksey Aleksandrovich ya sauka a birnin Moscow a Cibiyar Red furofesoshi, da kuma sauke karatu daga gare shi a 1934. Faculty da ya so da wallafe-wallafen, tun ma tare da mafarki na matasa da aka a wallafe-wallafen ɗaukaka. Ya kare rubutun. Ya zama lecturer a cikin Literary Cibiyar.

Ɗaukakar mawãƙi ba sa zuwa. A 1930 Surkov saki farko da tarin waqe-waqe, da ake kira "Solo."

Wannan kuma ya biyo baya collections, ya yabi da jarumi mayakan ga wani haske nan gaba, ya rubuta game da soja heroism da kuma mazakuta.

A waɗannan shekaru, mafi mashahuri daga cikin ayyukansa sun zama shayari "Konarmeyskaya Song", "The Last War", "Tun da mu aka girma." A mawãƙi ne nada edita na matasa mujallar "Literary Nazarin", take kaiwa wani aiki da zamantakewa da rayuwa, da shan kashi a cikin Russo-Finnish War.

A lokaci guda Halicci iyali Surkov. Ya auri wani matashi da kyau mace - Sophia Antonovna Krevs literati. A aure, 'yar kuma wani ɗã.

The Great Patriotic War

The yaki kama da mawãƙi a gaban. A rawar da ya taka a matsayin yaki wakilinmu Surkov Aleksey Aleksandrovich ziyarci mafi yawan fadace-fadace na Great Patriotic War.

Ya ba kawai rubuta bayanin kula a cikin jaridu, amma kuma shayari, wanda ya taimaki Soviet sojojin sha wuya kwanaki.

A mawãƙi kansa, da ciwon ko da wani yakin basasa, ba ji tsoron mutuwa, gabagaɗi, neman shiga ta fuskar. Kiyaye su da tunanin da ya abokai, wanda ya nuna m ƙarfin hali Surkov.

A lokacin yakin, da mawãƙi ta buga da yawa lafiya waqe. Kuma shi ne ya fi shahara ƙwarai, "Song na kare Moscow", "Ba mataki daya da baya", "Song na jarumi", "Poems da ƙiyayya."

Duk da haka, Surkov Aleksey Aleksandrovich, wanda waqe numfashi ƙiyayya da abokan gaba da kuma bangaskiya cikin nasarar da Soviet mutane, ya kasance a cikin memory daga mafi yawan mutane kamar yadda marubucin daya kawai kyau waka, wanda daga baya ya zama wata jama'a song.

Gaya mana a takaice game da tarihin wannan waka.

mawãƙi ta fitacciyar

Yanzu mun san wannan aikin a matsayin waka "A dugout." "Duka a cikin kusa kuka wuta ..." - wanda bai san wadannan shahara kwanakin?

The waka da aka rubuta ta hanyar marubucin a cikin m kwana na tsaro na Moscow da dare, a lokacin da abokan gaba za a iya gani daga binopkulari hasumiya, da domes na Kremlin. Rauni kuma matattu suka mai babbar yawan mutuwar jiran sojoji a ko'ina (me ya sa ne magana a waka da gabãnin mutuwarsa, kawai 4 matakai).

Duk da haka, wannan waka ne ba game da mutuwa, amma game da rayuwa. An Ribar da soyayya ga mace da kuma fatan ganin ta. A wannan waka kõre da mai walƙiya biyu images: da Earth uwayenku, wanda aka girgiza cikin shimfiɗar jariri, da yaro, da tunani game da mijinta, wanda aka located a gaban, da kuma motherland, wanda zaman makoki cikin matattu na duk 'ya'yansu.

The waka ne mawãƙi da aika wa matarsa, kasancewa a fitarwa da 'yarsa, wani soja a wani sauki ambulan-alwatika.

Lokacin da aikin da aka buga, ya zama a matsayin rare kamar yadda tsara layin da sauran Surkov mawãƙi Konstantin Simonov, wanda ya rubuta daga gaba da matarsa, Valentin Serov ta shahara line, "Jira ni ...."

Af, shi ya Surkov, Simonov sadaukar da sanannen waka, "Kada ku tuna, Alyosha ....".

bayan da yaki,

Surkov Aleksey Aleksandrovich kammala karatunsa yi yãƙi, a shekarar 1945 a matsayin Laftanar Kanar. Ya rubuta, da aka buga a tarin waqe game da nasara.

Bayan da yaki, da mawãƙi ya ci gaba da wallafe-wallafen aiki a matsayin "Ogonyok" mujallar edita, kuma da yawa wasu littattafai. Ya koyar ne, a Cibiyar Wallafe-wallafe, da aka buga kasidu na Rasha da kuma Soviet kasida.

Surkov Aleksey Aleksandrovich, wanda aikin ya hada da 20 littattafai wakoki, mai girma yawan articles na adabi zargi, cimma real daraja. Ya aka bai wa lakabi na Hero of Socialist Labor, ya kasance da lashe biyu Stalin Kyautukan. Surkov ya cimma babbar Heights kuma a cikin jam'iyyar kwaminis shugabanci. Ya kasance mai aiki a cikin siyasa aiki.

Abokan aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen bita a hanyoyi daban-daban kiyasta ya m wasiyya da zamantakewa. Daga gare su akwai wanda ya kira Surkov jam'iyyar functionary, amma akwai mutane suka fahimci lyricism ya waqe, ina tsammani cewa shi ne da farko wani marubuci.

A mawãƙi ya mutu, kai 83 ranar tunawa. Aka binne shi a cikin Novodevichy hurumi.

darajar halittarsa

Shekaru masu yawa sun shude tun da mutuwar Surkov. Yana canza zamantakewa da siyasar tsarin ya canza da kuma kasar da kanta. Mafi yawan da aka manta, da yawa abubuwan da suka faru sun karbi sake tunani.

Amma sunan Surkov ta san yau ga dama Russia, saboda da zarar wannan mutumin rubuta m Lines wakoki game da ƙarfin hali da kuma son cewa dukan ƙasar sani: "bugawa a kusa da kuka wuta ...". Kuma mu ko da yaushe so ta raira waƙa da wannan song da kuma mamaki da kyau da kuma zuciya mai gaskiya.