St. Bitrus Square a Roma: hotuna da kuma sake dubawa

St. Bitrus Square a Roma a dama ne mafi shahara da kuma rare tsakanin Kirista da kuma talakawa yawon bude ido. A Italiya, da sunan za sauti kamar Piazza San Pietro. Historical hadaddun gina a cikin girmamawa St. Bitrus boyi aljanna, don haka da panorama na gungu daga mai girma tsawo kama wani keyhole.

St. Bitrus Square Architect

Ideologist da mahaliccin wannan babban hadaddun aka sani Italian ado da sculptor Giovanni Bernini. Haife shi a watan Disamba 1598, a Naples, a cikin iyali na da wani m. Daga mahaifinsa Giovanni gaji iyawa gini a Baroque style.

A cikin shekaru 7 da shekaru, Bernini ya fara yin farko almara. Duk da yake Giovanni iyali koma zuwa Roma, inda daya daga cikin manyan waliyai tsarkaka ne kawai Bitrus. A shekara daga baya, matasa artist sanya wani hoto na shahidi, bayan da yaro nan da nan mai lakabin na biyu Michelangelo. A 1614, Bernini halitta ya halarta a karon sassaka sadaukar da St. Lawrence. Filastar fasa na Cardinal Borghese haka burge cewa ya yanke shawarar ya dauki yaron ya villa da kuma yin shi sirri artist.

Ba da da ewa Giovanni aka knighted, kuma ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi kyau abokai na Paparoma Urban Sabunta. Akwai ma wani ra'ayi cewa Bernini shi ne shugaban majalisar ba da shawara na Cardinal Barberini. A karkashin irin wannan wani iko taimaka matasa m wata damar da yardar kaina motsa jiki da sabon babban ideas. A lokacin da wannan lokaci da cewa ya shirya don en da St. Bitrus Square a Vatican a Baroque style.
A cikin tsakiyar 1620 ta, Giovanni faru ga iyali wasan kwaikwayo. Ga wani dogon lokaci ya kasance a cikin wata dangantaka da kyau Constance. Ruhaniya idyll na biyu zukata m magudi yarinya da ƙanensa. Iya yin tsayayya da cin amana, Luigi Bernini doke sume, sa'an nan ya ba da umurni ga disfigure fuskar Constance bayan fitarwa. Duk da haka, wadannan laifuffuka suna sauƙin bar hannun sculptor, saboda ya miƙe domin Paparoma Urban Sabunta.

Duk wannan rafke psyche Bernini, amma a nan ya zo ya taimake cikin coci. The m aka kaddamar da sake gina da St. Bitrus yankin. Bernini so tserewa daga shafi tunanin mutum da baqin ciki, kuma haka gladly yarda. A lokacin rani na farko da dutse a gina sabon square da aka gina a 1641.

Yau, a cikin girmamawa Giovanni mai suna a bakin dutse a kan Mercury, da kuma siffar fuskarsa emblazoned a kan 50000th doka Italian lira.

The musamman da suka bambanta da St. Bitrus Square

A 1663 da coci hadaddun a Vatican da aka cikakke. Wanda ya jagoranci gina Bernini yana kusa da kansa da farin ciki da kuma girman kai domin su aikin. Yau St Bitrus Square a Roma, ya dauki babban gine-gine da gungu na Italiya da kuma yiwu dukan Turai. A hadaddun kunshi sassa biyu: wani m da trapezoidal. Dukansu yankunan su ne a kan wannan axis matsayin St. Bitrus Cathedral. A lokacin shiri na hadaddun Bernini amfani da abin da ake kira monumental jikewa. Saboda haka, babban square na St. Bitrus kewaye da babban iko ginshikan da cewa tsaya a 4 layuka. Ancient gine-ginen kaunace elliptical siffofi, kamar yadda suka haifar a ji na motsi da kuma rashin zaman lafiya. A irin wannan dabara amfani Baroque a cikin ayyukan da Giovanni.

Square cibiyar da aka yi wa ado da wani babban Masar obelisk da marẽmari biyu a kan musamman tsarin. Bernini gungu a yarda ta samar da a ka gina-up hedkwatarsu da majestic monumental bango ga addini processions da sauran festive ayyukan.

Daya daga cikin abubuwan jan hankali na hadaddun ne Scala Reggia, wanda aka ma halitta da Giovanni. Shi ne mai sarauta bene manyan zuwa fadar Vatican St. Bitrus Basilica. A cikin zane na Bernini Rocks na amfani da liyafar kawayeniya al'amurra, don haka da mutum ji game da yadda idan dake a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Aras St. Bitrus yanki raba extemporaneous 8 waƙoƙi. Wannan dabara a tsakiyar cikin hadaddun kafa pronounced cibiyar a cikin nau'i na rana.

Legend na obelisk

Yau, da square a gaban St. Bitrus Cathedral ne sananne da farko located, a tsakiyar 37-mita Masar stele, duk da haka, shi ya kasance ba ko da yaushe haka. Akwai wani labari cewa, a 1586 a kan umarni na Paparoma ta m ya zama a cewa duk abin da ya tada mita obelisk a kan wani pedestal. Jama'a da dama na maza wuya overtighten da stele, to ba shi da wani a tsaye matsayi. Nan da nan, da igiya fara fashe daya bayan daya, da kuma obelisk aka ƙara ƙaryata. Cif m Fontana da aka tsoron bambamce, bai sani ba yadda za a gyara halin da ake ciki. Sai na zo da taimakon da almara kyaftin na Brescia. Ya sheƙa a guje a kan wa ma'aikata da suka fara zuba ruwa igiya, ya misali da aka bi da sauransu. Ba da da ewa bayan da igiyoyi sun rigar, su sami ƙarfi, kuma elasticity. A sakamakon haka, abin da ya faru ne a kan, kuma ta ƙarshen rana saita obelisk ta zuwa ga rightful pedestal.

Yau, a cikin girmamawa Captain Breksa a San Remo, daya daga cikin yankunan suna.

A tarihin St. Bitrus Basilica

Wannan gine-gine na Katolika ya dauki mafi muhimmanci tsarin da Vatican. Square na St. Bitrus ne kuma manyan bukukuwan shafukan ko'ina cikin Roman coci. Don sa hannu a cikin halittar irin wannan wurin hutawa gine-ginen da kuma artists kamar Bramante, Michelangelo, Raphael kuma, ba shakka, Bernini. St. Bitrus Basilica shi ne mafi girma Katolika coci a duniya. Its iya aiki ne 60 dubu mutane. A zamanin da, a kan-site wuraren dake dada gõnaki na Nero. A farko bambance-bambancen da babban coci da aka gina shi a farkon shekara ta 326, a zamanin mulkin Constantine. Up har sai 15th karni shi aka taba gina, don haka tsarin da aka hankali rushe. Kuma kawai a karkashin Julius II na zamanin d Basilica da aka gina wani iko da gidan sarki, suka mika wuya zuwa ga cocin Katolika na sabis. Kan gaba karni babban coci sun sanya hannu wannan almara Figures a matsayin Donato Bramante, Raphael, Peruzzi, Sangallo, Michelangelo, Della Porta, Vignola, Maderno kuma a karshe Bernini.

Facade na St. Bitrus Basilica

Tsayinsa ne 48 m da nisa -. 120 m kusan ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi facade ado grandiose 6-mita mutummutumai Almasihu goma sha manzanni da Ioanna Krestitelya. The kawai nuni da tunatarwa na zamanin d Basilica ne ƙofofin babban portal na babban coci, an kiyaye tun da 15th karni. Duk da coci bikin ne 5 bayanai. Kafin babban ne sanannen mosaic da Giotto mai suna "Navichella", sanya a cikin marigayi 8th karni.

A gefen hagu na facade portal located "Gate Mutuwa". Su marubucin ya Dzhakomo Mantsu. Aiki a kan aikin da aka tsawon shekaru 15, har sai shekarar 1964.

A ciki na Cathedral of St. Bitrus

Tu gini ma bugi look for ta grandiose size da kuma arziki kayan ado. Jamhuriyar gashi miƙa zuwa 212 m. A ƙarshen Basilica ne sanannen banmamaki mutum-mutumi na St. Bitrus. Babban Dome tsaye a kan manyan ginshiƙai a wata tsawo na 120 mita da diamita ne game da 42 m. Sama da bagaden ne mai babbar ciborium, wanda fadin -. 29 m Installed shi a ranar 4 ga ado da ginshiƙai, a kan abin da grand mutummutumai da malaiku. Domin ciborium ne kujera na St. Bitrus, halitta da Bernini aikin. Hagu da dama da bagadin aka yi wa ado da musamman ayyukan della Porta, Michelangelo, Giovanni Cavallini da kansa.

Reviews na St. Bitrus Square

Duk wani yawon shakatawa na Italiya ya fara daidai da wannan gine-gine gungu. A St. Bitrus Square, zaka iya zo da jirgin karkashin kasa, ko je da ƙafa. Kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar yawa shedu da shaidu, abu na farko da cewa sãme da ido ne mai iko ginshikan a garesu daga cikin hadaddun. Yana ba ya zama ba tare da hankali da kuma main janye - da Obelisk, kusa da shi ne ko da yaushe mai yawa yawon bude ido.

Entrance zuwa St. Bitrus Square shi ne cikakken free, kamar yadda a cikin babban coci da kanta. Idan so, domin 7 Tarayyar Turai ta lif zuwa kararrawa hasumiya, wanda yayi wani mai ban mamaki view of kyau na Roma. A cikin coci, ba za ka iya kawai zauna a kan wani benci, kuma sha'awan ciki, amma kuma su yi addu'a a asirce. Duk da wannan, babban amfani ne da cewa shi ne halatta a yi free photo na St. Bitrus square. Kowane minti daya a harabar wani sa hoto kusa da majestic sculptures da Monuments. Har ila yau a kusa da square akwai shagunan, gidajen cin abinci da kuma kyauta shagunan.

ban sha'awa sani

A fannin St. Bitrus Basilica ne daya daga uku mafi m coci was na duniya.

A shekarar 2007, Vatican archivist samu karshe aiki na Michelangelo, wanda ya nuna da almara na daya daga cikin ginshikan da hadaddun.

Bagade na babban coci daga farkon aka ba ta da gabas, kamar yadda yake a cikin Kristanci, da kuma yamma.