Reticulum. The iri mutum kyallen takarda

Duk masu rai, tare da togiya daga algae, an hada da daban-daban kyallen takarda. Tsokoki na jikin - wani tarin Kwayoyin, irin wannan a cikin tsarin, sõyayya da na kowa alama. Saboda haka, abin da suke?

shuka kyallen takarda

Akwai wasu iri shuka kyallen takarda:

• ilimi;
• girma.
• sutura.
• conductive.
• inji.

Dukan su gudanar da ayyuka. Alal misali, ilimi samar da shuka girma, kuma kafa daga shi duka sauran nama iri. A cover masana'anta shi ne m. Bugu da ƙari kuma, therethrough gas musayar faruwa. Conductive samar da sufuri da abubuwa ta hanyar shuka. Inji masana'anta ma yana da wani m rawa. Shi ne yanzu a shuke-shuke da m mai tushe. Babban jiki nama ne alhakin samuwar kuma jari na gina jiki.

mutum nama

Akwai su da yawa iri na dabba tsokoki, da bi da bi aka subdivided cikin jinsin.

Animal kwayoyin da aka gina na hudu iri nama:

• epithelial.
• tsoka.
• m.
• connective.

All iri mutum tsokoki ya kasu kashi daban. Bari mu dauki wani kusa look at kowane daga cikinsu.

Epithelium: da iri da kuma ayyuka

Nama na rayayyun kwayoyin halitta na da irin wannan yana da za'ayi a cikin wani asali m aiki.

Epithelium da farko za a kasu kashi guda-Layer da Multi-mai lebur. A farko akwai kawai daya jere na sel located kusa da juna. Na biyu ya kunshi dama yadudduka na Kwayoyin.

A siffar da Kwayoyin bambance lebur, cubic da cylindrical epithelium. Dangane da takamaiman ayyuka yi da zane, da aka ware a matsayin ciliated, glandular da kuma m, ko da azanci shine epithelium.

Daban-daban iri epithelial nama suna located in sassa daban daban na dabba da jikin mutum. Saboda haka, lebur Lines da rami na baki da kuma esophagus, cubic - koda tubules, cylindrical - ciki da kuma hanjinsu. Ciliated epithelium ne a ciki da airway haska (touch) - a cikin hanci kogo, glandular - a cikin gland.

Muscle nama: faye hali

Muscle nama na jikin mutum ya kasu kashi uku iri:

• striated tsoka.
• m tsoka.
• cardiac tsokoki.

Muscle Kwayoyin kira myocytes, ko zaruruwa. Masana'anta na da irin wannan shi ne iya ji ƙyama saboda da abun ciki a cikin sel da contractile sunadaran actin da myosin.

Striated tsoka zaruruwa da dogon bakin ciki cylindrical siffar da mahara tsakiya da kuma babban adadin mitochondria, samar da tantanin halitta da makamashi. Wannan irin kunshi kwarangwal tsoka nama. Su main aiki - da jiki motsi a cikin sarari. Su kuma iya taka m rawa. Wannan ya shafi, misali, na ciki tsokoki, da abin da na tsare ciki gabobin daga rauni.

Smooth tsoka, sabanin striated, ba za a iya sarrafawa sane. Irin wannan mutum nama rufi na wasu kayan ciki kamar da hanjinsu, mahaifa. Har ila yau daga gare su kunshi sphincter tsokoki - madauwari tsokoki da žuntata rufe rami. A dabbobi, akwai wani babba da ƙananan esophageal sphincter, da pylorus, da dama sphincters dvenadtsatipaloy hanji. sphincter na Oddi, Miritstsi, Lyutkensa da Helly, dake a cikin pancreatic tsarin jikinsu. sphincters na ciwon, da kuma sphincter. Bugu da kari, a cikin dabbobi da mutane ne ma ba sphincter na almajiri, ta hanyar abin da shi Narrows da haka ya dada tsere. Smooth tsokoki da dogara sanda-dimbin yawa Kwayoyin dauke da guda core. Taqaitaccen tsokoki na irin wannan ba kamar yadda sauri da kuma aiki kamar yadda striated.

Cardiac tsokoki ne kamar kuma striated, kuma m. Kamar santsi, ta mutane ba zai iya sani sarrafa. Duk da haka, shi ne iya a rage matsayin da sauri da kuma rayayye a matsayin striated. Zaruruwa suna kõre da mai walƙiya tsakanin cardiac nama, kafa wani karfi tsoka.

m nama

An ba kasu iri. Irin wannan nama Kwayoyin kira neurons. Sun kunshi jiki da kuma mahara matakai: daya dogon axon, kuma da dama dendrites guntu. Bugu da ƙari da neurons a cikin m nama ne kuma ba neuroglia. Ya kunshi kananan Kwayoyin da yawa appendages. Neuroglia taka goyan baya aiki, samar da tantanin halitta da makamashi, da kuma ma ya haifar da takamaiman yanayi na samuwar jijiya turu.

Connective nama iri, fasali, tsarin

Wannan irin masana'anta yana da yawa iri:

• m fibrous.
• sako-sako da fibrous nama.
• jini.
• lymphoma.
• kashi.
• guringuntsi.
• mai;
• reticular (raga) masana'anta.

Duk da cewa su duk suna cikin masu haši, wadannan yadudduka ne quite daban-daban a cikin sifa da ayyuka. Ainihin kama dukkan wadannan tsokoki - kasancewar wani babban adadin extracellular matrix. Ka yi la'akari da fasali na main iri connective nama.

Reticulum: Features

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci connective nama. Reticular nama suranta gabobin da hematopoiesis. Ya ƙunshi Kwayoyin cewa samar da maikacin jini. Reticular nama siffofin ja bargo - babban hematopoietic sashen mutane da dabbobi, kazalika da baƙin ciki, kuma Lymph nodes.

A reticular masana'anta yana da wani hadadden tsarin. Ya ƙunshi wani reticular sel (reticulocytes) da kuma reticular zaruruwa. Kwayoyin na nama da wani m haske cytoplasm da kuma tsakiya. A bãyan tẽkun, shi yana da dama matakai da wanda Kwayoyin suna juna ta samar da wani abu kamar wani cibiyar sadarwa. Reticular zaruruwa suna kuma shirya a raga, branched da alaka da juna. Saboda haka, reticular fiber cibiyar sadarwa tare da wani cibiyar sadarwa samar da reticulocyte stroma hematopoietic gabobin.

Reticulocytes za a iya saki daga cell cibiyar sadarwa da kuma bambance a cikin macrophages ko hematopoietic Kwayoyin. Macrophages - ne na musamman farin jini Kwayoyin cewa wani bangare ne na wata kungiyar na phagocytes. Su ne iya phagocytosis - kama da sha na barbashi, ciki har da wasu Kwayoyin. Babban aiki na macrophages - domin yaki da cutar-haddasa ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtuka da kuma protozoa.

Kashi da guringuntsi

Su ne m da kuma goyon bayan ayyuka a cikin jiki. Su babban alama ne cewa extracellular m kunshi gaske na inorganic kayan. Game da cell, su ne kashi na hudu iri: osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts da osteogenic. Su duk sun bambanta ta sifa da aiki. Osteogenic Kwayoyin - wadanda wanda yin up sauran iri uku na kashi Kwayoyin. Osteoblasts su ne da farko da alhakin kira na Organic abubuwa kunshe a cikin intercellular abubuwa (collagen, glycosaminoglycans, sunadarai). Osteocytes - babban sel da nama, suna da wani m siffar da kuma kananan adadin wasu gabbansa. Osteoclasts - su ne manyan Kwayoyin tare da mahara nuclei.

Guringuntsi nama ne zuwa kashi da dama iri. Wannan hyaline, fibrous da kuma na roba guringuntsi. A babban alama irin wannan nama - kasancewar wani babban adadin collagen a intercellular abu (game da 70%). Hyaline guringuntsi rufe surface na gidajen abinci, Forms da kwarangwal na hanci, maƙogwaro, trachea, bronchi, wani bangare ne na hakarkarinsa, da sternum. Fibrocartilage za a iya samu a matsayin wani ɓangare na intervertebral fayafai, kazalika da a wuraren da aka makala na tendons da ƙasũsuwa. Na roba kunne Forms da kwarangwal.

jini

Yana mallaka a babban yawa na ruwa intercellular abu, da ake kira mai jini. Shi ne 90% na ruwa. Sauran 10% - Organic (9%) kuma inorganic (1%) na kayan. Organic mahadi da cewa yin up da jini - shi globulins, albumin da fibrinogen.

Kwayoyin na wannan nama suna kira da maikacin jini. Sun kasu kashi ja da maikacin jini, platelets da farin jini Kwayoyin. Aiki farko kai aiki: su dauke da furotin haemoglobin, wanda yake iya canja wurin oxygen. Platelets damar clotting, da kuma farin jini Kwayoyin suna da alhakin kare jiki da pathogens.