Rasha ta most ci daruna: halaye da kuma kundin na ci hako ma'adinai

The fi na kowa a duniya da makamashi da hanya da aka dauke su ci. Shi ne na farko da irin burbushin man fetur, wanda ya fara yin amfani da mutane. Yau a Rasha akwai da dama manyan karafa da kuma aiki shuke-shuke. Daga baya a cikin labarin da aka bayar cikin halaye na Rasha ci daruna.

Overview

A cikin 'yan shekaru rayayye ɓullo da man fetur da kuma iskar gas da kuma ci daruna na Rasha. RF yana da babbar reserves na raw kayan. Duk da haka, ba duk yanayin damina da damar da tawa har dole. Coal wakilta a matsayin tsoho burbushin ruwa tare da shuke-shuke. Wannan burbushin man fetur ne daga iri biyu. Nau'in kwal da za'ayi a daidai da ta calorific darajar. Mallaka da mafi Anthracite mafi ƙasƙanci - lignite. High-kalori ci a yi amfani da karfe masana'antu, da kuma low-kalori - a cikin makamashi kansu.

masana'antu ci gaba

A karshen shekarar 1980 ya karu da jimlar makamashi amfani. A mafi m taki lura a cikin yin amfani da kwal. Saboda haka, tare da shekara ta tsaya a 0.9% a shekarar 1984 da kuma shekarar 1994. A cikin shekaru goma da amfani da burbushin habaka ya karu har fiye - har zuwa 2.7%. A cewar kintace, da kwal reserves a duniya ya kamata isa ga 120 shekara. The rabo daga cikin jimlar RF masana'antu girma ne 23%. Domestic hako ma'adinai da kuma aiki gidaje samar da wata guda tattalin arziki kansu a yau, da cikakken kasuwar kashi. Kusan duk kamfanoni da kungiyoyi da hannu a wannan yanki ne masu zaman kansu dukiya category.

The girma na man fetur a Rasha Federation

Babban Rasha ci daruna dauke game 4 tiriliyan ton na m reserves. Su dokoki ne game da 30% na duniya duka. Wannan shi ne mafi girma a cikin dukan ƙasashe na duniya. Rasha ci daruna dauke da babbar reserves na ma'adanai a subsoil. Saboda wannan kasa shi ne shugaba a cikin ci gaba da kuma sayar da man fetur. Tun shekarar 2009, shi ya kafa wani consistently high girma na fitarwa. A cewar Tarayya kwastam data, shi ne ba kasa da 8.5-9 ton miliyan total fitarwa girma ga 2009 kwal -. 103 ton miliyan. Fuel cinyewa a duk yankuna na kasar. Rasha ci daruna suna located in 26 batutuwa. Wasu daga cikin su ci gaba tun Soviet sau. Next za a ba wani taƙaitaccen bayanin Rasha ci daruna.

A farko filin

Na musamman muhimmancin a cikin masana'antu da Kuznetsk da Pechora ci daruna na Rasha. A farko da aka bude a 1721. Duk da haka, ya mai yawa ci gaba ya fara a 1920. A 1934, da Pechora tasa da aka bude. Kuznetsk filin aka located in yammacin ɓangare na Siberia, a cikin Kemerovo yankin. Pechora tasa aka located a cikin Komi Jamhuriyar da Nenets cin gashin kanta District. A fannin - 26, da kuma na biyu - 90 ^{km2 ..} Wadannan manyan Rasha ci daruna samar da wani babban ɓangare na girma na kasashe masu cigaban masana'antu. A cikin ƙasa na Rasha Federation yana da biyu manyan filayen da ake ci gaba. Kansk-Achinsk da kuma Kudu Yakutia Rasha ci daruna ne halin da yanayi daban-daban na samarwa. Idan na farko filin aka located in wani m yanki, na biyu - a cikin matsananci yanayin damina, wanda ya sa ya wuya a ci gaba. Duk da haka, da rabo daga abin da dama a kan ci da finjalai na Rasha shi ne quite high. A yankin na bude ɓangare na Kansk-Achinsk adibas - 45 dubu km ^2, jimlar yankin na Kudancin Yakutia -. 25 dubu km ^{2 ..} Rasha ci daruna ɓullo da hako ma'adinai, ko kuma bude rami. The zabi ya dogara a kan yanayin damina, karkara daga lugar yankunan da suka ci gaba kayayyakin more rayuwa. Saboda haka, Pechora Basin located bayan Arctic Circle. Wannan nesa, tare da tsaurara sauyin yanayi yana da wani tasiri a kan kudin da albarkatun kasa. Kange ci gaba da kuma Kudu-Yakut waha.

Kuznetsk nawa

Wannan pool lullube for 800 km tare da Trans-Siberian Railway / d line. Wannan filin ne daya daga cikin manyan wuraren da a duniya reserves na man fetur. Yana lissafinsu game da 60% a cikin Rasha masana'antu. A filin da aka located in wani m yanayin da ma'aunan kasa yanayi. Wannan, bi da bi, bayar da wani gwada da low cost na ci. Burbushin Kuznetsk ajiya daban-daban kananan ash abun ciki (4.6%), kuma high (8.6 kcal) kalori, low-phosphorus, da kuma sulfur. Specific zafi na 6-8.5 dubu. Kcal / kg. A pool ake mayar da hankali da gagarumin reserves na coking kwal. Su girma -. About 643 ya kai tan biliyan na mine ci gaba ne da za'ayi, da kuma bude hanyoyin.

Pechora tasa

Yana kasaftawa 9 masana'antu yankunan. A mafi karatu da kuma ƙware ne: Halmeryunsky, Vorkuta, Worgen Shor da Inta. Damar ci reserves a cikin kwari ne game da 213 ya kai tan biliyan., 8.7 biliyan ne a balance. Hakar ne da za'ayi yafi rufaffiyar Hanyar. Wannan shi ne saboda ya fi karfinsu yanayin damina. Duk da haka mine Hanyar tabbatar high quality na samar da albarkatun kasa.

Kansk-Achinsk filin

Its nisa dabam daga 50 zuwa 250 km. Pool ne zuwa kashi biyu sassa: gabashin da kuma yammacin. Overall ma'aunan kasa gefe ne cikin 600 ya kai tan biliyan. Ga ci gaban da wata hanya dace bude game da 140 biliyan. A ci-hali sashen dutsen adibas hada hazo Jurassic. Babban masana'antu darajar yana da iko samuwar. Yana da yake a cikin sama da sararin sama. Garwashin zai fi dacewa da humus abun da ke ciki. A danshi abun ciki na lignite - 21-44% Sulfur - 0.2-0.8%. A ash abun ciki na man fetur - 7-14%. Ƙasansu akwai waɗansu inuwõwi aka shirya kusa da surface ne a kwance. Kansk-Achinsk filin da ake ci gaba da bude hanyar. Wannan yana yuwuwa ta m ma'aunan kasa yanayi, da babban tafki mafi iko a kan wani babban yanki.

Kudu Yakut adibas

An located in da Aldan tudu. Its tsawon ne game da 750 km. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na pool ake kasaftawa biyar ci-qazanta yankunan: Gonamsky, Usmunsky, Tokyo, Ytymdzhinsky, Aldan-Chulmanskaya. Janar reserves na game 24,17 ya kai tan biliyan. Ga karya Semi-haske da kuma m kwal. A danshi abun ciki a cikinta 0.7-1.4% sulfur - 0.3-0.4%. A ash abun ciki na ma'adanai a cikin kewayon 10-18%. Total m reserves da kuma motsa jiki da albarkatun, shan la'akari da gabashin ɓangare na Khabarovsk ne game da 41,4 ya kai tan biliyan. A ci gaba da kwari ne da wuya ba kawai ga matsananci sauyin yanayi, amma kuma da rashin isassun sufuri. A wannan batun, da mun gwada da babban farashi da kuma fitar da albarkatun kasa.

a ƙarshe

Rasha ci daruna da muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin a general da masana'antu musamman. Daga cikin babban ayyuka na gwamnatin ne tambaya na inganta da dabaru m yankunan da manyan reserves na raw kayan. filin ci gaba da kuma yana da babban m muhimmancin. Lokacin da samar da isassun yanayi na aiwatar da samar, masana za a hannu a tarbiyyar da kai, za su fara wani more m cin gaban m yankunan. A musamman wuri ne shagaltar da] a] e da aiwatar da wadannan ayyuka. A musamman, da alamar shugabanci na jihar da aka dauke su jawo hankalin kasashen waje da kuma cikin gida masu zuba jari a cikin mafi girma Rasha ci daruna. A wannan batun, a halin yanzu a karkashin ci gaban tasiri jama'a da shirye-shirye, da aiwatar da abin da zai ba da damar da kasar kula da manyan matsayi a cikin duniya ma'adinai masana'antu.