Peter Lavrov: biography, ayyuka da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Peter Lavrovich Lavrov (1828-1900) da aka sani a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan ideologists Rasha Narodnichestvo. A wani lokaci ya yi wani babba tasiri a kan samuwar na neman sauyi motsi a cikin kasar. Interest da sociological da kuma falsafa da karatu don fahimtar halin da kawo dukkan zuwa zamantakewa da siyasar halin da ake ciki a Rasha a karo na biyu da rabi na karni na 19th, kazalika Hasashen na rushewar Bolshevism.

iyali

Peter Lavrov ya zo daga wani sananne daraja iyali. Mahaifinsa, S. Laurel, bauta a cikin sojojin da suka shiga a cikin yakin na 1812. Ya kasance abokai tare da shugaban na mallaka Chancellery da kuma soja ƙauyuka Alekseem Arakcheevym, wanda dadin cikakken amincewa daga Alexander Mai girma. Bayan da yaki, L. S. Lavrov ritaya tare da daraja na kanar na manyan bindigogi da kuma aure Elizabeth Karlovna Gandvig. Ta zo daga wani Russified Swedish daraja iyali, kuma aka daidai kafa domin ta lokaci. A 1823, da shekara da suka sami ɗa, Bitrus. A lokacin da aka haife shi da iyali ya rayu a kan Estate Melekhovo located in Pskov lardin.

Peter Lavrovich Lavrov: a takaice biography (matasa)

Kamar wasu daga cikin takwarorina daga nobility, nan gaba Falsafa daga yara karatu kasashen waje harsuna. A musamman, saboda da uwarsa da wani gogaggen malami shi ne sosai tun da ƙware Faransa da kuma Jamus.

A 1837, Peter Lavrov aika zuwa St. Petersburg, inda ya samu nasarar wuce jarrabawa da kuma sa suna a cikin School of harbi. A lokacin da ya karatu a wannan babbar soja makarantar sakandare saurayin da tabbatar da wani m dalibi na da aka dauke mafi kyau almajiri na Academician M. Ostrogradskii. Ya nasarorin sun kasance haka mai tsanani da cewa bayan samun da diploma repetitorstvovat bar a ƙasarsa ta makaranta. A layi daya da karatu, Peter Lavrov da kansa nazarin kimiyya wallafe-wallafe a kan zamantakewa kimiyya da tattalin arziki, da rubuta wakoki da kuma yin bincike a fagen ilmin lissafi. Great ra'ayi a kan shi ya yi ayyukan da utopian socialists.

m aiki

The matasa malami na Ilmin Lissafi Sciences zarar samu amincewa da abokan aiki da kuma aka nada soja malami a Mikhailovsky harbi Academy of St. Petersburg, tanã fita zuwa ga daraja da kanar. A 1860 ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa Konstantinovsky Soja School, inda ya aka mentored Kiyayewa shekaru da dama.

Personal rai

A 1847, Peter Lavrov aure da kyau bazawara-AH Loveyko. Aure da mahaifiyar 'ya'ya biyu, da kuma ko da a Jamus ta asalin (nee Kapger) hana Laura Stepanovich, wanda mafarkansu na wani m wasa na danta. A sakamakon haka, da Bitrus ya hana taimakon kudi daga iyaye. A kan lokaci, ma'auratan bayyana hudu ya'ya mata da maza na general, yin abu matsayi na iyali shi ne ma fi precarious. Don ko ta yaya "fita," Lavrov ya tilasta su sami kudi tutoring "a gefe" da kuma rubuta musamman articles for "harbi Journal". A halin da ake ciki ya canza ga mafi alhẽri bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa da wana, a lokacin da Bitrus Lavrovich samu mai kyau gādo.

Wallafe-wallafen da kuma kimiyya da ayyukan

Duk da wahalhalu na rayuwa, da indefatigable Peter Lavrov ya lokaci don gano cikin shahararrun ayyukan Turai da masana falsafa na da lokaci, da aka buga waqoqi a A. I. Gertsena, halarci halittar "Encyclopedic Dictionary" da aka buga articles a kan falsafa da kuma ilimin halayyar zaman jama'a, kazalika a kan al'amurran da suka shafi jama'a dabi'un , adabi, art da jama'a da ilimi.

Bugu da kari, ta farko da littafin da aka buga a 1860. A wannan aikin, suna a matsayin "makala a kan al'amurran da suka shafi na m falsafa," Lavrov jãyayya da cewa halin kirki da mutum ba zai iya shiga cikin rikici tare da jama'a a cikin abin da zãlunci yake mulki. A ra'ayinsa, da manufa al'umma iya zama wani tsarin da aka dogara ne a kan wani son rai ƙungiyar na halin kirki da kuma free mutane.

The kama da gudun hijira

A 1860 Peter Lavrovich Lavrov, biography of wanda aka nuna a sama, wani aiki takara dalibi da kuma neman sauyi motsi. Ya zama m tare da N. G. Chernyshevskim da kuma zama memba na farko kungiyar na "Land da kuma Freedom".

4 ga Afrilu, 1866 a ƙofofin Summer Aljanna D. Karakozov sanya wani ƙoƙari a kan Alexander II. Yana da aka m, duk da haka, ya sa da danniya sha wahala da suka hada da Peter Lavrov. Ya aka kama a kan zargin da "yada cutarwa ideas" da kuma a cikin lambobin sadarwa da Chernyshevsky, Mikhailov kuma tare da Farfesa Pavlov. Bayan wani taƙaitaccen kurkuku da kotu aika shi wata mahada zuwa Vologda lardin. Inda ya rayu daga 1867 zuwa 1870, kuma ya gana da kõre ƙungiya daga Yaren mutanen Poland tawaye A. Chaplitsky, wanda ya zama na kowa-doka matarsa.

"Historical Haruffa"

A hijira, Peter Lavrovich Lavrov ya rubuta fi sani zamantakewa da siyasa ayyukansu, suna fuskantar da m Rasha kawo dukkan.

Ya "Historical Haruffa" kira ga matasa ta farka da kuma fahimtar matsalar na tarihi lokacin, kazalika da talakawa mutane bukatar, taimake shi yi ƙarfinsa. Bayyanar da wannan samfurin da aka fiye dace, kamar yadda neman sauyi kawo dukkan kasance a search na sabon damar ta karfi aikace-aikace. "Historical Haruffa" Lavrov sun "tafa tsawa" kuma daya daga cikin akida motivators ga kungiyar na m aiki na neman sauyi kawo dukkan.

Biography (Peter Lavrov) bayan 1870

Bayan ya dawo daga zaman talala neman sauyi gudanar ya ba da izini ba bar kasar da kuma je Paris. Akwai ya samu a touch tare da wakilan kasashen yammacin Turai aiki motsi da kuma shiga cikin na kasa da kasa. A lokacin da na Paris ƙungiya tafi London, da nufin tsara ceto na kewaye gwarazansa.

A lokacin ziyararsa a birnin na Burtaniya Empire Lavrov ya gana da Marx da Engels.

A cikin shekaru 1873-1877 neman sauyi zama editan mujallar "Forward" da kuma wannan sunan da wani 2-mako jaridar - zankayen shugabanci na Rasha populism, da ake kira "lavrizmom". Bayan kisan gillar da Alexander II, Peter Lavrovich ya zama m tare da Mutane. Ya ma sun amince da gyara "Bulletin daga Mutãnen Will" tare L. Tikhomirov.

A lokaci guda girma ta kasa da kasa da daraja. Isar da shi a ce a cikin watan Yuli 1889, 'yan Armenian jam'iyyar Gnchak - na farko Socialist Party, wanda yana da ofisoshin a kan ƙasa na Farisa da Ottoman Empire, Peter Lavrov izini su wakilci shi a majalisa na biyu International.

A karshe shekaru ransa

Har sai da ya karshe kwanaki, Peter Lavrov ya ci gaba da liaise da juyin juya halin Musulunci motsi. Duk da haka, a karshen rayuwarsa ya fi sha'awar a al'amurran da suka shafi alaka da tarihi na falsafa. A sakamakon da ya kimiyya da bincike da shi da aka rubuta da dama msar tambayar ayyukansu, ciki har da monograph "The fahimtar da ayyuka na tarihi."

Peter Lavrov, babban ideas wanda sune tushen da Mutane motsi, ya mutu a Paris a shekarar 1900, yana da shekaru da shekaru 72, aka binne shi a cikin hurumi na Montparnasse.

Bayan ya bar sararin wallafe-wallafen al'adunmu, ciki har da 825 ayyukan ƙwarai, kuma 711 haruffa. Shi ne kuma marubucin da dama na siyasa waqe, daga cikinsu musamman m "Working Marseillaise", farko da kalmomi "rabuwa tsohon duniya ...", ga abin da music aka rubuta daga baya. A cikin farko biyu shekarun da suka gabata na karni na 20th, wannan song kasance daya daga cikin mafi akai-akai yi a lokacin buga, buga, kazalika da congresses na yunkuri da kuma a farkon shekara na Soviet ikon da mutane ta wakilai,.

ra'ayoyinsu na falsafa

The na aikin kimiyya yarda to Lavrov ya eclecticism. Kuma wannan da aka kubutar, tun a positivist-agnostitsisticheskoy falsafa, ya yi kokarin hada tsarin na Hegel, F. Lange, Feuerbach, Comte, Proudhon, Spencer, Chernyshevsky, Bakunin da Marx.

A cewar shi, da labarin da ke sa halin kirki da kuma kafa 'yan tsirarun a kan nasu, don haka na farko aiki na yunkuri ne wajen samar da wani halin kirki manufa.

A cikin 1870s akwai a Lavrov ta mabiyin mabiya, da ake kira kungiyar bashentsev. Bugu da kari, ya zama da furuci shugaban na dama reshe na yunkuri na Rasha Empire. Duk da haka, wannan halin da ake ciki dade ba, kuma nan da nan da yawa proponents ya akidar juya zuwa ga mafi m Bakuninism. Duk da haka, lavrizm taka rawa wajen ba da shiri domin nan gaba mambobi ne na farko zamantakewa-demokra] iyya da'irori.

Yanzu da ka san wanda da P. Lavrov. Kamar yadda daya daga cikin 'yan kungiyar da tsada wanda naciya nemi don inganta halin da ake ciki na ma'aikata da manoma, Peter Lavrovich ba a manta da hukumomin farko Jihar ma'aikata da manoma a duniya. A musamman, Furshtatskaya titi da aka sake masa suna Birnin Leningrad, a cikin girmamawa. Saboda wannan a yau, da yawa shahara Petrograd Palace Petra Lavrova, inda bikin aure bikin da ake gudanar. Kuma shi ne quite m, a matsayin wani bafalsafe da zarar bayar da kudi alheri saboda ya aure ga mace da yake auna, sa'an nan ya zauna da ita don talatin farin ciki da shekaru.