Patriarchy, abin da yake da shi? Akwai biyu na asali Concepts

Patriarchate - abin da yake da shi? Daga makaranta na tuna cewa akwai kuma wani matriarchy, da kuma abin da suke nufi alternating da magabaci na wasu a kan wasu - maza a kan mata, da kuma mataimakin versa.

Halayyar fasali na mulkin maza

Ikon mutum yana da wasu fassarorin, misali, ko androkratiya andrarhiya, wanda duk daya ne mika wuyansu da daukaka na maza, kazalika da patriarchy. Mẽne ne - ikon da uba (ga wasu translation) ko ginin zamantakewa na al'umma a cikin abin da duk ikon da aka mayar da hankali a cikin hannãyenku daga cikin karfi jima'i? Duka. Irin wannan nau'i na zamantakewa kungiyar, a lokacin da wani mutum ne shugaban ko "rinjaye kashi," yana da halayyar fasali, msl, patrilineal a wadda kome, ciki har da gado, a wajen uba. Patrilocality ko a lokacin da wurin zama na kowane memba na iyali ne m da miji. The sosai farko na kalmar, "Patrie" ya nuna cewa ta mamaye ko da yaushe da mijinta, kuma ko da polygyny, inda da yawa daga matan aure, da dukan ikon da yake a hannunsa.

Patriarchy kamar tunanin mutum

Amma shi ne a cikin wannan iyali, da kuma a kan kasa sikelin patriarchy - cewa an? Shi ne mai jama'a, wanda shi ne muhimmi a cikin jinsi akida, a lokacin da yaron ke tsiro up da manufar mata rashin daidaito da kuma namiji primacy matsayin wani abu dauka domin ba a lokacin da dukkan hakkokin, ciki har da hakkin ya zabi duk nauyi, yanke shawara da kuma alhakin su kisa, ya kamãta da maza. A zamani al'umma, wani nau'i na patriarchy wajen boye, shi ba ya ayyana ta jihar, amma ga dubban shekaru ɓullo da norms na jinsi, dangantakar ma'aunansa na hali shar'anta mutane a kan wani tunaninsu da lamirinsu matakin.

The addini muhimmanci da kalmar

Duk da haka, da nazari, da kalmar ne a yi amfani ba kawai su koma ga wadanda mutane Concepts a Orthodoxy ne daya daga cikin fi amfani da kalmar. A cikin addini ji, patriarchy, cewa shi ne? Wannan shi ne wani dangantawa ga coci. A zamaninmu, kamar yadda a cikin pre-Petrine (babban sarki soke patriarchate, kuma wannan ma'aikata da aka mayar a sakamakon shawarar da Local Council of 1917-18). Zabe sarki Tikhon, wanda ya jagoranci coci har 1925. A gwajin lokaci tana nufin wani tsarin for gina wani matsayi coci iko. A general, a karon farko a Rasha da patriarchate da aka gabatar a 1589, da kuma na farko shugaban na coci Ayuba. A Soviet sau, da Patriarchate aka sabunta a 1943, a lokacin yaki. Sergius Stragorodsky gangarawa da Rasha Orthodox Church har 1944, inda ya rasu.

Da magaji, Alexios na ciyar da dukan kewaye kasance a cikin wani kewaye birni, da aka bayar da lambar yabo "Gama tsaron na Leningrad". Sunansa a duniya - SV Simansky, da Moscow Patriarchate, ya kasance daga shekarar 1945 har zuwa rasuwarsa a 1970. All m surori na ROC yi duk abin da zai yiwu a rayar Orthodoxy da kuma ruhaniya kiwon lafiya na al'umma. Tun da 1971, a karkashin jagorancin MP Pimen a duniya Sergey Mihaylovich Izvekov, wanda ya mutu a shekarar 1990. Yana da aka maye gurbinsu da Aleksey Mihaylovich Ridiger, wanda ya zama uban iyali a shekarar 1990 a karkashin sunan Alexy II. Yanzu shugaban na MP ne Kirill tun 2009 (a duniya Gundyaev Vladimir Mihaylovich).

manyan autocephaly

Manyan Orthodox patriarchates (jera bisa diptych) - Konstantinoful, Alexandria, Antakiya, Urushalima da Moscow da kuma yawan autocephalous (kai dauke a cikin guda jihar, misali, Bulgarian, Hungarian, da dai sauransu ...), Ikklisiya, yawanci located a cikin yankuna na kasashen Gabashin Turai, duk suna tare ne (kuma akwai kawai 15 hukuma) suke The Orthodox Church.

Hakika, akwai da dama, majami'u da cewa ya tashi daga orthodoxy, amma tarihi ya kamãta da shi, kamar "Old Calendarists Greek" ko "Rasha Church hadisin" - akwai mutane da yawa daban-daban, amma ba haka ba Orthodox patriarchates.

Wani sunan ROC

A Rasha Orthodox Church ne mafi girma daga cikin data kasance autocephalous Ikklisiyoyi. A sararin ƙasa na Rasha akwai 136 dioceses. Bayan su akwai da dama dozin stavropegic, wanda ya hada da gidajen ibada, sufi, 'yan'uwantaka da kuma Cathedrals, kai tsaye ƙarƙashin sarki (wanda idan shi ne ake kira svyaschennoarhimandritom) da kuma ba ya dogara ne a kan diocesan hukumomi. Kuma duk wannan arziki yana da wani daban-daban na aikin sunan - Moscow Patriarchate, ko MP. Ya ranked biyar a cikin jerin sunayen tunãtarwa a cikin ibadar - da diptych, da kuma gane by duk a matsayin kawai istinbadi canonical Orthodox Church a kan ƙasa na CIS kasashe. Yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa kafin MP da Moscow Patriarchate kafin 2000 da aka yi amfani da interchangeably da magana. Yanzu da Moscow Patriarchate wakiltar duk cibiyoyin cewa an kai tsaye gudu da sarki. A Moscow Patriarchate bai hada da Old Muminai, Rasha Orthodox Church mai cin gashin kanta (ROAC) da kuma Rasha Orthodox Church waje na Rasha (ROCOR). A Moscow Patriarchate ne babban daftarin aiki - da Yarjejeniya na Rasha Orthodox Church. Ya furta cewa, mafi girma da iko da kuma coci gwamnati ne Local Council, da majalisar Bishops da kuma Ruhu Mai taron majalisar Krista, wanda yana gangarawa da sarki na Moscow da kuma All Rasha.