Ostankino TV Tower: an kallo bene, yawon shakatawa, photo. Yi hasumiyar da rufinta

Ostankino Tower ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci gine-gine da waɗansu alãmõmi na Moscow, kuma wata alama ce Rasha talabijin. Saboda wannan babban tsarin da aka bayar da talabijin watsa shirye-shirye kusan dukan ƙasar. Fasaha kayan aiki, ikon watsa labarai da kuma wasu sauran halaye na Tower wanda ya yi daidai. Bugu da kari, an dauke da tallest gini a Turai.

Janar halaye

Girman talabijin hasumiya Ostankino ne mafi girma daga 15 sq. M. mita. Akwai dukan hadaddun na talabijin Studios, madauwari yankunan da balconies. A girma daga cikin hasumiya - game da 70 dubu cubic mita .. A gini kunshi 45 benaye. A tsawo daga cikin Ostankino talabijin hasumiya - 540 mita. Ta ranked takwas a duniya cikin sharuddan da tsawo daga cikin free-tsaye gine-gine (da tallest gini a duniya a halin yanzu shi ne Dubai ta Burj Khalifa). A farko sunan hasumiyar - "All-ƙungiyar rediyo da talabijin watsarwa tashar 50th Oktoba Anniversary".

yi Tarihi

Dindindin watsa shirye-shirye a cikin Tarayyar Soviet ya fara a 1939. Da farko, alama watsa za'ayi amfani da kayan aiki wanda ya kasance a cikin Shukhovskaya hasumiyar (Shablovka). Duk da haka, kara girma da kuma ingancin watsa labarai bayan yakin duniya na II ya kai ga bukatar gina duk da haka wani TV hasumiya. A farko an gina a kusa da Shukhov TV Tower, amma nan da nan ya dauki kula da makaman more zamani TV hasumiya.

Development aikin a cikin Ostankino tashoshin tilbijin da hannu a cikin kungiyar na "Mosproject". A yi na Ostankino talabijin hasumiya fara a 1960. Duk da haka, aka tsaya saboda rashin tabbas da cewa harsashin gini da aka dogara gina a wani dan kankanin lokacin. A nan gaba zane na talabijin hasumiya da aka neme su da Jamhuriyar Research Institute of zayyana wasanni gine-gine da kuma nisha wurare.

A aikin da hasumiya a Ostankino da aka kirkiro ta hanyar zanen Nikitin kawai dare daya. A samfur zane, sai ya zaɓi wani inverted Lily - a flower tare da wani lokacin farin ciki tushe da kuma sturdy petals. Bisa ga na farko ra'ayin shi ne ya yi wata 'yar hasumiyar 4 support, amma daga baya, a kan shawarwarin na Jamus m Fritz Leonhard (mahaliccin da farko kankare TV hasumiya a duniya), da lambar karu zuwa goma. Manyan m na Ostankino talabijin hasumiya - Leonid Ilyich Batalov - kuma goyan bayan da ra'ayin kara yawan zura sandunan ɗaukarsa.

A karshe yi aikin amince a 1963. Its mawallafa ne gine-ginen Burdin da Batalov, kazalika da zanen Nikitin. Masana sun yanke shawarar ma gyara baya aikin, musamman, ya karu da yawan sanya shi a cikin hasumiyar da kayan aiki da kuma ta tsawo. A yi na Ostankino talabijin hasumiya dade daga shekarar 1963 zuwa 1967. A general, gina wani talabijin tashar halarci Bole 40 daban-daban da kungiyoyi. A wannan lokacin, da Ostankino Tower shi ne tallest gini ba kawai a Turai amma kuma duk duniya.

Farawar TV hasumiya

A farko watsa shirye-shirye na talabijin shirye-shirye daga Ostankino hasumiyar da aka yi a 1967. Duk da cewa wannan shekara da shiri na Ostankino Tower da aka kammala kuma ginin da aka a hukumance dauka a cikin aiki, ta ci gaba da faruwa a mafi a lokacin shekara. A sakamakon haka, na farko watsa shirye-shirye na wani launi image da aka gudanar a shekarar 1968. Hasumiyar ne ma 3-storey gidan cin abinci tare da wani m sunan da aka halitta "bakwai sama". Mafi yawa daga cikin injiniyoyin da suka halarci a cikin halittar wannan babban talabijin cibiyar aka bayar da Lenin Prize.

Ma'ana talabijin tashar

Ostankino Tower shi ne na musamman tsarin da lokaci da cewa yana da wani analogues. Bugu da kari, na dogon lokaci shi ya kasance da tallest gini a duniya, ta bayani dalla-dalla kasance, haƙĩƙa, da ban sha'awa. Bayan kammala hasumiya a fannin aiki na riwayar rayu game da miliyan 10 mazaunan, yanzu a talabijin cibiyar maida hankali ne akan wani yankin tare da yawan jama'a na kan 15 da mutane miliyan.

A kayan aiki da damar zuwa rikodin lokaci guda daga dama daban-daban abubuwa, da kuma watsa shirye-shirye live. Musamman manufa da hasumiya a Ostankino a lokacin gasar wasannin Olympics ta 1980. Akwai ke ko da sanya musamman inji CNN labarai tashar.

A halin yanzu, da hasumiya da sauran siffofin da cewa ba su kasa muhimmanci. Its gini housed a meteorological Observatory, wanda shi ne mai kula da babban meteorological cibiyoyin na Tarayyar Soviet. Ostankino talabijin tashar ma bayar da rediyo sadarwa tsakanin babban gwamnati Tsarin kasar.

yawon shakatawa janye

Bada jimawa ba, da telecentre ya zama daya daga cikin rare yawon bude ido na babban birnin kasar. A shekarar 1982 ya gina hasumiya a kusa da ginin, wanda ya samar da yawon shakatawa ayyuka. Akwai kuma an sanye take da wani zamani taro dakin 800 rãyukansu ba. Inganta da kuma gidan cin abinci "bakwai sama". Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa shi ne located a tsawon 334 mita (wanda yake shi ne kamar da 112th bene na wani na zama gini) da kuma dauki kamar yadda mutane da yawa kamar uku benaye. Daga ta windows bayar da ban mamaki views daga Moscow. A peculiarity na ma'aikata da kuma cewa ya ke sa jinkirin ƙungiyoyi kusa ta axis a wani kudi na daya zuwa uku jũya ga 40-50 minti. Duk da haka, a wannan lokaci "bakwai sama" da aka rufe don maimaitawa, kome aka sani a game da lokaci da ta ƙarshe.

Musamman panoramic yanki

A halin yanzu, mafi yawon bude ido suna janyo hankalin zuwa Ostankino talabijin hasumiya kallo bene. A musamman, su TV tashar, akwai hudu: bude a tsawon 337 mita da kuma rufe - 340 mita, kazalika da biyu ƙananan a 147 da kuma 269 mita. Sun yi aiki ne kawai a cikin dumi kakar - daga May zuwa Oktoba. Tour kungiyar yawanci iyakance zuwa 70 baƙi. A kan TV hasumiya yana 7 matakan. Panoramic site aka located a sosai karshe. Don samun mafi look at duk ban sha'awa shafukan a cikin kusanci da gidan telebijin, masu yawon shakatawa za su iya amfani da nesa da binopkulari. A da kyau yanayin da za ka iya gani ba kawai babban birnin kasar, amma kuma da makiyayarta. Ya kamata a lura cewa kasa a kan kallo dandali gaba daya m (Ya sanya daga m gilashin) cewa uniquely inganta samu m kashi na adrenaline a cikin jini rafi na baƙi. Yawon shakatawa zuwa Ostankino TV hasumiya - yana da gaske m, kuma m taron. Abin lura shi ne cewa a cikin shekaru 30 da hasumiyar da shi da lokaci zuwa ziyarci fiye da miliyan 10 baƙi.

FYI

Tun Yuli 2013 yawon shakatawa a cikin Ostankino talabijin cibiyar da aka dan lokaci da za'ayi a dangane da ayyukan sake gina aiki. Amma a wannan lokacin, biyu Viewing dandamali (337 da 340 da mita), sake buɗe don yawon bude ido! Ga bayani: a kan tafiya, yawon bude ido an yarda ne kawai daga 7 zuwa 70 shekaru. Mata masu ciki a makara ciki ne kuma ba kyawawa to ziyarci hasumiya. Management ma ya haramta m hau zuwa bene kallo don gani sosai ko idan wani mutum ya motsa a cikin keken hannu ko crutches.

The zane na telecentre

Ostankino talabijin hasumiya kallo bene, babu shakka, ya cancanci da hankali, amma na son dabam ambaci gina hasumiyar. Shi ne, a gaskiya, wata babbar elongated mazugi, wadda shãmakunta ake yi na karfafa karfe karfafa kankare. telecentre rufin yana goyan bayan da 149 igiyoyi cewa an haɗe da garun da hasumiya. A tsakiyar wannan mazugi aka sanya don mine igiyoyi, ladders, lifts da kuma bututun. Af, da gina bakwai lifts, ciki har da hudu - gudun. Fita daga tushe, masu nauyi daga hasumiyar yi ne game da 32 dubu tons. Weight wurare tare da kafuwar - 55 th. Tons. Amfani bene sarari a cikin hasumiya ne 15 000 sq. m. Matsakaicin rated iska gudun Ostankinskaya hasumiyar (Moscow), ko kuma wajen da kokuwa (spire), a rubuce iya bambanta up to 12 mita.

Fasaha yankunan da baƙi ne ya zama ruwan dare, suna da Hotel ƙofar. Room, inda duk babban riwayar located a kan biyar bene. A kasa sama suna located fasaha gabatarwa. By iko electromagnetic radiation telecentre ma'aikatan kare ta amfani da fuska, Ya sanya daga na musamman kayan.

zamani lif

hudu-gudun lif ana shirya a gidan telebijin, wanda za a iya isa gudun 7 mita biyu. A karshe daya da aka kaddamar a 2006. A musamman, da kallo bene, wanda aka located a tsawon 337 mita, za a iya isa a 58 seconds.

The wuta a Ostankino talabijin hasumiya

a 2000. A hasumiyar ya samu a manyan wuta da ya dauki rayukan mutane uku. Bayan wani bala'i, Moscow da kuma Moscow yankin for 'yan kwanaki bar ba tare da talabijin watsa shirye-shirye. Da farko, akwai wata wuta a tsawon 460 mita. A sakamakon haka, kashi na uku benaye kasance gaba daya hadayu. Saboda high harshen zafin jiki na dama dubun igiyoyi cewa, samar da prestressing kankare Tsarin, fashe, amma, akasin tsoro, da zane har yanzu tsayayya. Yana wani undeniable hujja da cewa m na Ostankino talabijin hasumiyar da kuma duk sauran masana suka yi aiki a kan aikin ginin, sun real yan baiwa. Daga baya, wadannan igiyoyi An yi nasarar mayar.

Kamar yadda firemen sa fitar da wuta ya wuya sosai. A kan aiwatar da tsiyacewa na wuta kashe kwamandan na wuta birged, Vladimir Arsyukov. Ya yanke shawarar kansa, ya tafi ya zuwa hearth wuta, kuma ya ba da umurnin lifter Svetlana Loseva tafi zuwa tsawo na 460 mita tare da shi. A karshen, su duka biyu suka mutu. Wani wanda aka azabtar ya locksmith Alexander Shipilin.

A cewar masana, a cikin hanyar da wuta da aka dora networks. Duk da haka, da kayan aiki da aka kafa maza maza, ya yi yawa, sake maido da watsa shirye-shirye a cikin wannan ringi. Bayan da wuta da a gudanar da wani babban-sikelin yi da kuma gyara aiki a kan beautification na yankin da kuma gabatarwa inda a can ake shiryar da Tours. By Fabrairu 2008 aka mayar da inganta. Yawon shakatawa zuwa Ostankino TV hasumiya bayan da bala'i aka yanzu gudanar a yarda da takamaiman bukatun: adadin da hannu a bai kamata ya wuce mutane 40.

Sporting events

• Har 2000, da talabijin tashar da aka gudanar a gasar ga tseren a tsawo na 337 mita.
• Tun 2003 aka shirya Base tsalle gasa. A wannan shekarar kafa a duniya rikodin: da Ostankino TV hasumiya daga cikin ginin tsalle mutane 26 a wani lokaci.
• A shekarar 2004, bikin yana da wani hatsari a kan tushe tsalle: gasa Austria Christina Grubelnik wasu hanya kama a kan wani protruding ɓangare na hasumiyar da kuma rasa sani, sa'an nan mai tsanani buga kankare bango. A sakamakon haka, a tsawon 85 mita, shi ƙafa kama a kan baranda. Ma'aikata na talabijin tashar, sa'a, gudanar ya cire ekstremalka. Ta ya samu dama samu karaya amma na tsira.
• tare da talabijin tashar a lokaci guda tsalle zuwa 30 mutane: A shekarar 2004, wani sabon rikodin aka kafa.

concert zauren

Ginin gidaje da Ostankino TV cibiyar yawon shakatawa ne a concert zauren "Royal". Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na yawon shakatawa shirin ne a dakin amfani da wani cinema zauren domin zanga-zanga na TV hasumiyar da Rasha TV fina-finan. The "Royal" yanzu kuma gudanar da wani yawan kide, taro, gabatarwa da kuma sauran abubuwan da suka faru.

M zamanin tunawa

Ostankino TV hasumiya, da dukan kayan aiki da aka kullum ana inganta. By installing da dama ƙarin antennas ne yanzu rufinta ne fiye da 560 mita (lura cewa asalin ra'ayin da ta tsawo na 520 mita). Yana amfani a zamanin yau telecentre a primary rawa - aika da karɓar wani iri-iri na rediyo da kuma yadda wani wuri domin TV Studios babban yawan shirye-shirye.

Bugu da kari, da Ostankino Tower (photo na wannan gini arouses sha'awa) ne mai babbar yawon shakatawa janye daga cikin babban birnin kasar. Tour na telecentre - shi ne wani abu da gaske tunawa. Overview na Moscow da zagayenta yanki daga kallo bene za a tuna a rayuwa.

Telecenter Ostankino ne yadu a matsayin wata alama ce Rasha talabijin da kuma daya daga cikin mafi m gine-gine a wannan duniyar tamu.