"Name na Rose" Umberto Eko: a takaice. "Name na Rose": leoyan, babban events

Il Nome della Rosa ( «Sunan na Rose") - a littafin da ya zama halarta a karon adabi farfesa, a Jami'ar Bologna semiotics Umberto Eco. Da farko labari da aka buga a cikin goma sha tara ɗari da eightieth shekara a cikin harshen asali (Italian). Next aiki na marubucin, "Foucault ta Pendulum", ya kasa nasara, kuma mafi kyau-sayar da marubucin karshe gabatar da duniya na babban wallafe-wallafe. Amma a cikin wannan labarin, za mu retell a takaice na "Name na Rose." Akwai iri biyu daga cikin asalin sunan da labari. Tarihi Umberto Eco yana nufin zamanin da nominalists rigingimu da realists, suke jayayya game da abin da zai kasance a cikin sunan da fure, idan flower zai bace. Amma a matsayin labari lakabi ne da wani allusion zuwa labarin soyayya line. Bayan rasa ya ƙaunataccen, Adson gwarzo ba zai iya ko kuka a kan ta sunan, domin ba ya sani.

Roman- "matryoshka"

A samfurin na "Name na Rose" - wani hadadden da multifaceted. Marubucin gabatarwar yana sanya wa mai karatu da yiwuwar cewa duk abin da ya karanta a cikin wannan littafin zai kasance mai tarihi jabu. Don a wasu fassara samun da "uban Notes Melk Adson" a Prague a 1968. Wannan shi ne wani littafin a Faransa, da aka buga a cikin tsakiyar karni na sha tara. Amma yana da wani fasara na Latin rubutu na goma sha bakwai karni, wanda, bi da bi, shi ne wani littafin da rubutum karshen karni na sha hudu. Rubutum halitta m na Melk. Tarihi bincike game da hali na na da marubucin bayanin kula, kamar yadda malaman Attaura na goma sha bakwai da kuma sha tara ƙarni, bada wani sakamako ba. Kamar wancan marubucin da labari da ya sãme filigree aikinsa gagarumin abubuwan tarihin summary. "Name na Rose" yana cike da rubuce kurakurai. Kuma ga cewa, wani labari m na ilimi masana tarihi. Amma abin da events muna bukatar mu san su fahimci intricacies na mãkirci?

A tarihi mahallin a cikin abin da mataki da labari (summary)

"Name na Rose" yana nufin watan Nuwamba daya dubu da ɗari uku da ashirin da bakwai. Duk da yake Yammacin Turai girgiza da addini jayayya. Papal Curia ne a "Avignon talala" a karkashin diddige daga Faransa sarki. John Ashirin da biyu yana yaƙi a kan biyu fronts. A daya hannun, ya aka yi tsayayya da su da Ruhu Mai Roman Sarkin sarakuna Louis ta huxu na Bavaria, da kuma a kan sauran - An fada a kan nasu ministocin Church. Frantsisk Assizsky, alama farkon da zuhudu Order of Friars Ƙananan, sai ya tsaya domin cikakkar talauci. Ya kira zuwa daina rãyuwar dũkiya bin Kiristi. Bayan rasuwar Francis steeped a cikin alatu na papal curia ya yanke shawarar aika almajiransa da kuma mabiya a cikin sufi katangu. Yana sanya tsaga a cikin sahu na 'yan Order. Ya tsaya fita daga Franciscan Spirituals, wanda ya ci gaba da tsaya kan matsayi na apostolic talauci. Paparoma ya ayyana su Litattafansu, kuma ya fara wani murkushewa. The sarki ya yi amfani da shi domin investiture shawara, da kuma goyan bayan da Spirituals. Saboda haka, da suka zama wani gagarumin siyasa karfi. A sakamakon haka, bangarorin sun amince da gudanar da shawarwari. Da goyan bayan da sarki Franciscan tawagar da kuma wakilan shugaban Kirista sun sadu a wani mara marubucin sufi kan iyakokin Savoy, Piedmont, kuma Liguria. A wannan mãsu bãyar da bãya, kuma Ya watsa babban events da labari. Ka tuna cewa tattaunawa game da talauci na Kristi da Church ne kawai a allo bayan wanda lurk siga siyasa rikici.

tarihi jami'in tsaro

Malamai kawai ke karatu zai fahimci dangane Eco labari da labaru na Conan Doyle. Domin wannan isa ya san summary. "Name na Rose," ya bayyana a kanmu, kamar yadda a hankali Notes Adson. Sa'an nan nan da nan ya zo allusion game da Dr. Watson, wanda ya bayyana a cikin daki-daki, ga gudanar da bincike da abokinsa Sherlock Holmes. Hakika, biyu heroes of labari ne da sufaye. Wilhelm Baskervilsky, kananan fatherland abin da ya sa mu tuna da labarin Conan Doyle game da daurin boye kare a kan Heath, shi ne Benedictine sufi a madadin na sarki ya shirya wani taro tare da wakilan da Spirituals na papal curia. Amma da zaran sun kasance novice Melk Adson zo da sufi, kamar yadda events fara bayyana haka hanzari da cewa za'ayi da muhawara a kan al'amurran da suka shafi talauci da Church of Manzanni a bango. The labari da aka kafa a cikin tsawon mako daya. M kisan kai da cewa bi daya bayan daya, duk lokacin da ci gaba da karatu a rãtaye. Nemo dalilin da duk wadannan mutuwar suna lalacewa ta hanyar Wilhelm, wani jami'in diflomasiyyar, wani m theologian kuma, kamar yadda evidenced da tattaunawa tare da Bernard Guy, tsohon Inquisitor. "Name na Rose" - wani littafi cewa ne Genre na jami'in tsaro labari.

Kamar yadda wani jami'in diflomasiyyar zama mai binciken

A Benedictine sufi, inda ya ya kamata ya yi wani taro na biyu wakila, da Franciscan William na Baskerville da novice Melk Adson zo 'yan kwanaki kafin farkon muhawara. A tafarkinsa, da jam'iyyun suka su bayyana abin da muhawara game da talauci na Church a matsayin magaji na Kristi da kuma tattauna yiwuwar zuwa na Janar Mikhail Spirituals Tsezenskogo a Avignon zuwa papal kursiyin. Amma gabatowa da ƙofofin sufi, babban haruffa hadu da sufaye, sheƙa a guje a search na runaway Mare. Ga Wilhelm mamakin kowa da kowa tare da "deductive Hanyar" (wani allusion zuwa Umberto Eco Conan Doyle), ta kwatanta wata doki da kuma nuna da wuri na dabba. Mazaunin, Abbon, buga wani m Franciscan hankali, tambayar shi ya magance al'amarin da m mutuwa, wanda ya faru a cikin ganuwar da sufi. A kasa na dutse Adelma jiki da aka samu. Duba, kamar dai shi ya kashe daga taga rataye a kan rãmi na hasumiyar, da ake kira da gini. Abbon alamu cewa ya san wani abu game da yanayi na mutuwa da zane-zane Adelma, amma shi ya shafi wani alwashi na sirri na bayanan. Amma shi damar William gudanar da bincike da kuma tambaya duk da sufaye don gane da kisa.

gini

Abbon damar da binciken ne mu bincika dukan sassa na sufi, fãce da library. Yana shagaltar da uku, saman bene gini - wata katuwar hasumiya. A library ya daukaka daga cikin mafi girma stacks a Turai. Yana da aka gina a matsayin labyrinth. Access to shi yana da kawai leburare Malachi da mataimakansa, Berengar. Na biyu bene gini shagaltar da scriptorium, inda suka yi aiki copyists da illustrators, daya daga wanda shi ne marigayi Adelmo. Bayan jawabin da deductive analysis, Wilhelm zo ga ƙarshe cewa babu wanda aka kashe da mai zane-zane, amma ya yi tsalle kashe babban ganuwar da sufi, da kuma jikinsa da aka dauka don ganuwar da haikali na mugun kaye. Amma wannan ba shine karshen da labari, kuma ta summary. "Name na Rose" rike da karatu a akai tashin hankali. wani gawar da aka samu na gaba safe. Kira da shi kunar bakin wake da aka wuya: jiki goyon bayan Aristotle ta rukunan Venanzio mai danko daga ganga na alade da jini (Kirsimeti mai zuwa, da Ruhbãnãwa haƙĩƙa sunã yanka shanu domin samar da sausages). Sai ya kashe ma aiki a cikin scriptorium. Kuma shi ya sa Wilhelm ba mafi girma da hankali ga m library. Da tatsuniya na labyrinth zama sha'awar shi bayan da Repulse na Malachi. Ya guda-handedly yankan shawara ko zai amince da neman ta littafin m, Magana game da gaskiyar cewa mangaza ƙunshi mai yawa arna da kuma karkata, rubuce-rubucen.

scriptorium

Ba ana shigar da library, wanda zai zama cibiyar da labari mãkirci na labari "The Name na Rose", da haruffa William da kuma Adson ciyar mai yawa lokaci hawa na biyu na gini. Magana da matasa magatakarda Benz, da binciken ya gano cewa, a cikin scriptorium a boye, amma, duk da haka, na nacewa tsayayya wa juna tsakanin jam'iyyun biyu. Sun sufaye ne ko da yaushe a shirye su dariya, yayin da babban jami'in sufaye ce fun unacceptable zunubi. The shugaban na wannan jam'iyyar ne makafi m Jorge slyvuschego San Giusto. Ya aka ɗimautar da eschatological tsammanin na da isowa na Dujal da kuma karshen lokaci. Amma draftsman Adelmo haka basira wanda aka nuna funny dabbobi bestiary cewa comrades iya kiyaye daga dariya. Benz zamewa cewa kwanaki biyu kafin mutuwa na zane tacit adawa a scriptorium juya a cikin yaki na kalmomi. Shi ne mai tambaya na admissibility na image funny tauhidin texts. Umberto Eco yana amfani da wannan tattaunawa don warware asirin: The library littafin da zai iya warware takaddamar cikin ni'imar da proponents na fun. Berenguer blurted fitar cewa wanzuwar aiki, wanda aka hade da kalmomi "a waje Afirka".

Related mutuwar da ma'ana thread

"Name na Rose" - a postmodern labari. Rubuta a cikin nau'i na William Baskervilskogo dabara parody na Sherlock Holmes. Amma, sabanin London jami'in tsaro, na da binciken bai ci gaba da taki tare da events. Ya ba zai iya hana aikata laifuka, da kuma kisankai bi kowane daya. Kuma a cikin wannan da muka gani da ambato "Ten Little Indiyawan" by Agatha Christie. Amma duk da waɗannan kisan kai, ko ta wani hanya da alaka da m littafin. William Koyi More Adelma kashe kansa. Berengar rinjayi shi zuwa sodomitskoy sadarwa, alamar da wannan irin sabis zai iya yi a matsayin mataimakin leburare. Amma da zane-zane iya tsayawa ba mai tsanani daga zunubi da ikirari gudu. Kuma saboda confessor ya m Jorge, Adelmo iya ba kwanciyar hankali da rai, kuma a cikin fargaba, ya dauki ransa. Tambaya Berengar bai yi aiki ba: ya bace. Feeling cewa duk abubuwan da suka faru a cikin scriptorium hade da littafin, Wilhelm ya ratsa Adson dare a cikin wasu gidãje, ta amfani da wani boye nassi, wanda koya podsmotrev ga mataimakin leburare. Amma da library ya mai rikitarwa Maze. Heroes kawai sami hanyar fita, dandana sakamako daga dukan nau'i na tarkuna: .. Mirrors, fitilu da intoxicating sani na mai, da dai sauransu da Lost Berengar aka samu matattu a cikin wanka. Zuhudu likita Severin nuna Wilhelm m baki alamomi a yatsunsu da kuma harshe na marigayin. A wannan da aka samu a baya a Venanzio. Severin ma ya ce ya rasa wani kwalban sosai guba abu.

babban siyasa

Tare da isowa zuwa sufi na biyu wakila a layi daya da jami'in tsaro ya fara ci gaba da "siyasa" mãkirci layi na littafin "The Name na Rose". The labari ne cike da tarihi flaws. Saboda haka, inquisitor Bernard Guy, ya isa a wani diplomasiyya manufa, ya fara gudanar da bincike ba karkata, kurakurai, da kuma laifi laifukan - kisan kai a ganuwar da sufi. marubucin da labari ya qara karatu a cikin vicissitudes na Tauhidi, rigingimu. A halin yanzu Wilhelm da Adson biyu shiga zuwa dakin karatu da kuma nazarin shirin na Maze. Sun kasance, "bayan Afirka" - tam kulle m dakin. A halin yanzu, Bernard Guy m kansa, kuna hukunta da tarihi kafofin, hanyoyin da manyan da kisan kai. Ya aka kama shi kuma da ake zargi da maita likita mataimakin tsohon dolchinianina Balthazar da bara-yarinya wanda ya zo sufi zuwa sayar da jikinsu ga scraps daga refectory. Kimiyya muhawara tsakanin wakilan da curia da Spirituals zama maras muhimmanci yaki. Amma marubucin labari daukan karatu da baya daga cikin jirgin saman da tauhidin a wani m jami'in salo.

kisan makami

Duk da yake William aka kallon da yaki, na zo ne in Severin. Ya ruwaito cewa ya gano a cikin littafinsa mai ban asibiti. Babu shakka, wannan ne guda cewa mulki daga Berengar library kamar yadda jikinsa da aka samu a cikin pool kusa da asibitin. Amma Wilhelm ba zai iya barin, kuma bayan wani lokaci duk da m labarai da mutuwar wani likita. Severin ta kwanyar da aka karayar, da kuma laifi scene aka kama cellarer Remi. Ya yi ikirarin cewa ya sami likita riga ya mutu. Amma Benz, sosai da sauri-witted matasa m ya ce wa William cewa ya gudu zuwa asibiti na farko, sa'an nan kuma bi da members. Ya kasance m cewa leburare Malachi ya nan, kuma wani wuri a ɓõye, sa'an nan garwaye da taron. Farga da cewa likita kisa ya ba tukuna gudanar ya yi a littafin, a tsaye to nan Berengar, William dubi duk litattafan rubutunku a cikin infirmary. Amma ya kauda kai da cewa wasu wurare da yawa na rubuce-rubucen za a iya stapled a guda girma. Saboda haka, littafin zapoluchaet mafi m Benz. The labari "The Name na Rose 'masu karatu' reviews ba don kome ba kira wani sosai multifaceted. A mãkirci daukan karatu baya ga babban siyasa jirgin sama. Sai dai itace cewa Bernard Guy zo zuwa ga sufi da m nufin rushe tattaunawar. Don yin wannan, ya yi amfani da shãfe mazaunin kisan kai. Ya ake zargi da laifukan da tsohon dolchinianina, jayayya da ya raba Balthazar karkata, views Spirituals. Kamar haka, kuma a kan duk su ne wani ɓangare na laifi.

Gyaran asirin m littafin da wani layi na kisan kai

Benz ba cewa Malachi, ko da ba tare da bude shi, tun da ya miƙa gidan mataimakin leburare. Kuma shi da ceto ransa. Kamar yadda shafukan da littafin da aka impregnated da guba. Its sakamako ne ji a kan kanta da kuma Malachi - ya rasu a azabar kawai a lokacin Mass. Harshe, da cikin sauki ya baki. Amma a nan Abbon kirawo William kuma da tabbaci ya furta cewa yana barin gidan na gaba safe. A mazaunin gamsu da cewa kisan da aka a magance da scores tsakanin muzhelozhtsami. Amma da Franciscan friar binciken ba zai daina. Bayan duk, ya zo kusa da warware da wuyar warwarewa. Ya gane cewa ya buɗe key cikin dakin "a waje Afirka". Kuma a kan shida dare ya tsaya a sufi da Wilhelm Adson sake shiga cikin library. "Name na Rose" - wani labari Umberto Eko, wanda labarin da aka gudãna sannu a hankali, kamar yadda shiru kogin, shi ne bunkasa cikin sauri a matsayin mai ban sha'awa. A asirin dakin uninvited baƙi riga jiran makafi Jorge. A hannunsa guda littafin - rasa kadai kwafin na aikin "na bushe da dariya," Aristotle, kashi na biyu na "Poetics". Wannan "m Cardinal" wanda ya kiyaye biyayya duk, ciki har da mazaunin, yayin da har yanzu ganin sharkaf shafukan da littafin ya ƙi guba, don haka babu wanda zai iya karanta shi. Aristotle dadin babban daraja daga cikin masana tauhidi na tsakiyar zamanai. Jorge ji tsoron cewa idan aka bushe da dariya za a tabbatar da wani dalĩli, sa'an nan dukan tsarin zai durkushe na da kyawawan dabi'unsa, wanda ya dauke kawai Kirista. Domin wannan ya aka lured a cikin tarkon da na dutse mazaunin m inji ke buɗe ƙofar. Makafi m yayi Wilhelm karanta littafin. Amma bayan koyo cewa wannan sanin asĩri da guba-sharkaf zanen gado, da yake shi kansa ya fara sha da zanen gado. William yayi kokarin dauke daga tsohon littafin, amma daya daidai shiryar ta cikin Maze gudu. Kuma a lokacin da overtaking, ja fitar da fitilar da kuma jefa shi a cikin layuka na littattafai. Zub da man fetur nan da nan maida hankali ne akan takardu wuta. Wilhelm da Adson hanyar mu'ujiza tsira daga wuta. Gini bira daga ake canja shi zuwa wasu gine-gine. Kwana uku daga baya, a kan site na arziki sufi suna kawai shan taba kango.

Shin akwai wani halin kirki a cikin postmodern muqala?

Humor, allusions da nassoshi sauran ayyukan adabi, jami'in labarin, superimposed a tarihi mahallin na farkon goma sha huɗu karni - dai ba duka da "kwakwalwan kwamfuta" cewa kodaita karatu "Name na Rose." Analysis na wannan samfurin ya sa ya yiwu ya yi hukunci da cewa a bayyane nishadi boye zurfi ma'ana. A protagonist ba William na Canterbury, kuma lalle ba suna fadin Adson marubucin rubutu. Wannan kalma, wanda yake ƙoƙarin gano rabo stifle sauransu. Matsalar ciki 'yanci ne tãyar da marubucin da kuma sabuwar reinvented. Kaleidoscope quotes shahara ayyuka a cikin labari ba kawai sa Malamai karatu murmushi. Amma tare da witty syllogisms, mun hadu da staging ƙara da muhimmanci batun. Wannan ra'ayin na haƙuri, da ikon girmama duniya duniya wani mutum. A batun 'yancin magana, gaskiya da ya kamata a "shela daga rufi" da aka yi tsayayya da su gabatar da rashin laifi a matsayin karshe mafaka, to yunkurin don gabatar da ra'ayi ne ba wani tofin Allah tsine, amma da karfi. A wani lokaci a lokacin da kisan-kiyashi da igil shelar Turai dabi'u m karkatacciyar koyarwa, wannan labari ya zama alama fi dacewa.

"Notes a kan" Name na Rose "filayen"

Bayan da littafin da labari a cikin wani al'amari na watanni zama bestseller. Masu karatu kawai shere marubucin "Name na Rose" haruffa da tambayoyi game da littafin. Saboda haka, a cikin goma sha tara da tamanin da uku shekara na Umberto Eco ya shigar har yanzu m cikin "m dakin gwaje-gwaje". "Notes a kan" Name na Rose "filayen" da aka rubuta witty da kuma nishadi. A cikinsu marubucin bestseller bayyana asirin da ta yi nasara labari. Shekaru shida bayan da saki da labari a cikin hasken da "sunan Rose" ya dauki fim. Darektan Jean-Zhak shekara da hannu a cikin harbi shahara 'yan wasan kwaikwayo. Shon Konneri basira taka rawar da William Baskervilskogo. Young, amma sosai talented actor Kristian Sleyter juya a cikin Adson. A fim akwai wani babban nasara a akwatin ofishin, barata da kudi kashe a cikinta, kuma lashe yawa awards a kinokonkursah. Amma ya kasance mai fushi Eco karbuwa daga wannan. Ya yi imani da cewa marubuci da gaske ya Sauki ta samfurin, yin shi a samfurin na taro al'adu. Tun daga nan, ya hana duk da gudanarwa, wanda ya tambaye game da yiwuwar fim aikinsa.