Na shekara-shekara tebur Twardowski "rayuwa da kuma aiki": wani bayyani na biography na mawãƙi

Na shekara-shekara tebur Twardowski "rayuwa da kuma aiki" na iya zama daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci abubuwa da binciken na marubuci kuma mawãƙi a makaranta darussa a wallafe-wallafe. Marubucin da aka sani da farko kamar yadda mahaliccin sanannen image na Vasiliya Terkina, amma dalibai ya kamata a tuna cewa shi ne mai sosai Multi-faceted hali da kuma ya zama shahararren ba kawai a matsayin wani mawãƙi amma kuma a matsayin marubuci, mai ba da rahoto, marubucin jaridar da m articles.

farkon shekaru

Yi nuna da cewa mafi yadda ya kamata tuna facts na biography na tarihi adadi taimaka dalibai na shekara-shekara tebur. Twardowski ƙauna kuma tuna da yawa masu karatu a matsayin talented marubuci wanda ya sami shahararsa m, m da m harshe, kusa da almara, jama'a.

A marubuci kansa ya zo daga wani sauki kasar iyali. An haife shi a 1910 a Smolensk lardin. Mahaifinsa maƙeri, kuma uwarsa zo daga rai guda homesteaders. Duk da haka, sun kasance littattafai a gida, sau da yawa a cikin yamma yaron ta iyaye karanta ayyukan gargajiya Rasha wallafe-wallafe. Sai ya fadi cikin soyayya da wakoki. Akwai wani ra'ayi da cewa ya yi kamar yadda wani yaro ya rubuta na farko waka, wanda haka babu inda za a rubuta tun sa'an nan ba a horar da su karatu da rubutu. Na shekara-shekara tebur Twardowski rayuwa hada da farkon lokaci na rayuwarsa da cewa yana da babban tasiri a kan ra'ayinmu. Ya tafi zuwa ga kauyen makaranta, sa'an nan ya shiga a Pedagogical University, wanda bai kammala karatunsa. Don wannan lokaci ne da ya fara wallafe-wallafen gwajen: Twardowski rubuta da dama waqe, wanda aka buga a gida jaridu.

A farko nasara

A mafi muhimmanci facts na adabi kerawa da marubucin ya gani da shekara-shekara tebur. Twardowski da aka sani a matsayin kasa mawãƙi da suka rubuta m, kuma m harshe fiye da da idon da yawa wasu marubuta, wanda aka neman sabon ilimin harsuna siffofin magana da tunani, saboda haka ayyukansu ba ko da yaushe gane da talakawa da masu karatu.

A cikin 1930s mawãƙi ya zama shahararren ba kawai domin akwai kasidu, amma waqe. Da farko ya kusantar da hankali ga matasa da kuma goyan bayan da mawãƙi M. Isakovsky. Ya amince da farko da wallafe-wallafen gwaje-gwajen da na matasa marubucin. A wannan lokaci, da aka buga a tarin waqe Aleksandra Trifonovicha da waqe-waqe, cikin shahararrun daga wanda ake kira "The Land of Ants" (1936). A wannan aikin, marubucin ya bayyana search for cikakken sauki baƙauye ƙasar, don haka a cikin wani nau'i na utopian gabatar da tunaninsa na nan gaba na Soviet al'umma. A wannan shekara marubucin sauke karatu daga Moscow Cibiyar Tarihin, Falsafa da Wallafe-wallafe.

wartime

A lokacin yakin shekaru, watakila, kai da babban wuri a cikin marubuci ta rayuwa, don haka ya kamata su ma daidai da shekara-shekara tebur. Twardowski a lokacin yaki nada wakilinmu, wannan aikin ya zama ya invaluable kwarewa a matsayin soja rayuwa zane-zane sun fi mayar da wahayi zuwa gare shi don su yi yaƙi shayari, wanda aka buga daga baya karkashin lakabi "frontline lyrics". Amma babban taron na wannan lokaci shi ne, ba shakka, da littafin da ya waka "Vasily Terkin". Kamar yadda yarda da marubucin, da hali ya aka farko ɗauki cikinsa a 1939, amma kawai a lokacin yaki da shekaru, daga karshe ya fito a matsayin mai gama image a rare jirgin saman soja.

Twardowski, a shekara-shekara tebur na rayuwa da kuma aiki da shi ne batun wannan nazari, ya rubuta sanannun aiki daga 1941 zuwa 1945. Waka nan da nan tsiwirwirinsu kasa soyayya da kuma fitarwa. Bugu da kari, an yaba da sauran marubuta. Alal misali, Bunin kira shi da wani da gaske rare waka da wani abin mamaki mai haske, mai arziki da kuma m harshe. Dalilin wannan nasara ta'allaka ne da cewa marubucin ya bayyana irin sauki Rasha soja da kuma nuna rawar da ya taka a cikin nasara. Humor, sauki nau'i na shayari, kazalika da gaskiyar image gaban rayuwa bayar da wannan samfurin babban shahararsa tsakanin mai fadi masu sauraro.

A post-yaki shekarun da suka gabata,

Subject: "Twardowski: na shekara-shekara tebur na rayuwa da kuma aiki" bautar wani muhimmin wuri a cikin makaranta hanya na Rasha wallafe-wallafe. Ba dole ne a alama muhimmanci matakai ba kawai wallafe-wallafen amma kuma zamantakewa na marubucin. Bayan yaki, ya aka nada shugaba edita na mujallar "New World". Da ya gudanar da wannan post daga 1950 zuwa 1954. A karkashin ya jagoranci, mujallar ya zama Kakaki, na m halin yanzu a cikin adabi, ga abin da marubucin da aka tsananta, kuma soki. A 1950-1960 shekaru ya rubuta wasu waqe-waqe, tsakanin wanda aka dabam da ake kira "Domin m - al'arshi." Ga mu ya kamata ka lura da wani m hadaddun aboki na mawãƙi ga Soviet tsarin mulki.

A kasa za ka sami wani tebur da manyan turakun na rayuwa Twardowski.

Zamantakewa da siyasa matsayi

A daya hannun, marubucin kiyaye manufofin, musamman, ya amince da collectivization, ko da yake dangi hõre kori. A daya hannun, ya bai bi da mutane da yawa wasu marubuta jaddada m rawa a jam'iyyar lashe yaki. A poetic form, ya nuna takaici ga mutuwa na Stalin, duk da haka, ya kasance m na daba na hali da kuma umurnin da jam'iyyar.

Editorial aiki

Aleksandr Tvardovsky, a shekara-shekara tebur na rayuwa wanda ya nuna bambancin da ayyukanta, da ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban na Soviet adabi narke lokaci. Tun shekarar 1958 da kuma shekarar 1970 har marubucin sake aiki a matsayin "New World" mujallar edita. Duk da zargi da kuma rashin biyan bukata da shugabannin jam'iyyar, ya buga ayyukan matasa da kuma sabon mawallafa, waɗanda ayyukansu sukan gudu counter zuwa jam'iyyar saitin.

Bayan rasuwar Khrushchev ta wallafe-wallafe-haren tsananta. Duk da haka, babu daya shiga don matsawa da Mabayyani mawãƙi daga mukaminshi. Sa'an nan kora da mataimakinsa da kuma a wuri na sa mutane masu ƙiyayya. Bayan haka, marubuci da kansa ya yi murabus, kuma ya mutu a shekara daga baya. Saboda haka Twardowski biography, na shekara-shekara tebur da aka bayar a wannan labarin, ya kasance mai haske, kuma da cikakken, shi nuna bambancin da basira.